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Polymix G
Gramacidin + Neomycin + Polymixin B
Polymix G
Gramacidin + Neomycin + Polymixin B
Indications
Superficial bacterial infections
Indication detailsView
Gramicidin, Neomycin and Polymyxin B Sulfates ophthalmic solution is indicated for the topical treatment of superficial infections of the external eye and its adnexa caused by susceptible bacteria. Such infections encompass conjunctivitis, keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis, blepharitis and blepharoconjunctivitis.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs
PharmacologyView
Neomycin is bactericidal for many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is an aminoglycoside antibiotic which inhibits protein synthesis by binding with ribosomal RNA and causing misreading of the bacterial genetic code.
Polymyxin B is bactericidal for a variety of gram-negative organisms. It increases the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane by interacting with the phospholipid components of the membrane.
Gramicidin is bactericidal for a variety of gram-positive organisms. It increases the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane to inorganic cations by forming a network of channels through the normal lipid bilayer of the membrane.
Polymyxin B is bactericidal for a variety of gram-negative organisms. It increases the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane by interacting with the phospholipid components of the membrane.
Gramicidin is bactericidal for a variety of gram-positive organisms. It increases the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane to inorganic cations by forming a network of channels through the normal lipid bilayer of the membrane.
DosageView
Instill one or two drops into the affected eye every 4 hours for 7 to 10 days. In severe infections, dosage may be increased to as much as two drops every hour.
Side effectsView
Adverse reactions have occurred with the anti-infective components of this product. The exact incidence is not known. Reactions occurring most often are allergic reactions including itching, swelling, and conjunctival erythema . More serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported rarely. Local irritation on instillation has also been reported.
ContraindicationsView
This product is contraindicated in those persons who have shown hypersensitivity to any of its components.
PrecautionsView
As with other antibiotic preparations, prolonged use of this product may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. If superinfection occurs, appropriate measures should be initiated.
Bacterial resistance to this product may also develop. If purulent discharge, inflammation or pain becomes aggravated, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician.
There have been reports of bacterial keratitis associated with the use of topical ophthalmic products in multiple-dose containers which have been inadvertently contaminated by patients, most of whom had a concurrent corneal disease or a disruption of the ocular epithelial surface .
Allergic cross-reactions may occur which could prevent the use of any or all of the following antibiotics for the treatment of future infections: kanamycin, paromomycin, streptomycin, and possibly gentamicin.
Bacterial resistance to this product may also develop. If purulent discharge, inflammation or pain becomes aggravated, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician.
There have been reports of bacterial keratitis associated with the use of topical ophthalmic products in multiple-dose containers which have been inadvertently contaminated by patients, most of whom had a concurrent corneal disease or a disruption of the ocular epithelial surface .
Allergic cross-reactions may occur which could prevent the use of any or all of the following antibiotics for the treatment of future infections: kanamycin, paromomycin, streptomycin, and possibly gentamicin.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category C. Adequate animal reproductive studies have not been conducted with gramicidin, neomycin & polymyxin B. It is also not known whether this product can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. This product should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when this product is administered to a nursing woman.
Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when this product is administered to a nursing woman.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.
StorageView
Should be stored in cool and dry place
Polymix H
Hydrocortisone + Neomycin Sulphate + Polymixin B
Polymix H
Hydrocortisone + Neomycin Sulphate + Polymixin B
Indications
Ocular inflammation
Indication detailsView
Hydrocortisone, Neomycin Sulphate & Polymixin B ear drops are indicated for the treatment of bacterial ear infections. It will not work for other types of ear infections. Unnecessary use or overuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic steroid - antibiotic combined preparations, Ophthalmic Steroid preparations
PharmacologyView
Polymyxin B sulphate and neomycin sulphate belong to a group of medicines called antibiotics. They kill the germs that can cause ear infections. The anti-infective components in the combination are included to provide action against specific organisms susceptible to them. Neomycin sulfate and polymyxin B sulfate together are considered active against the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella-Enterobacter species, Neisseria species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This product does not provide adequate coverage against Serratia marcescens and streptococci, including Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Hydrocortisone belongs to a group of medicines called steroids. It helps to reduce the swelling and irritation caused by the infection. Hydrocortisone suppress the inflammatory response to a variety of agents and they may delay healing. Since Hydrocortisone may inhibit the body’s defense mechanism against infection, a concomitant antimicrobial drug may be used when this inhibition is considered to be clinically significant in a particular case.
Hydrocortisone belongs to a group of medicines called steroids. It helps to reduce the swelling and irritation caused by the infection. Hydrocortisone suppress the inflammatory response to a variety of agents and they may delay healing. Since Hydrocortisone may inhibit the body’s defense mechanism against infection, a concomitant antimicrobial drug may be used when this inhibition is considered to be clinically significant in a particular case.
DosageView
Adults and children over 3 years old: Apply 3 drops into the affected ear up to four times a day, for up to 7 days. Make sure you finish the course of this drop which your doctor has prescribed.
AdministrationView
- Shake the closed bottle gently before each use
- Clean and dry the ears
- Do not use soap, it may stop the medicine working
- Do not put the drops in your eyes.
Side effectsView
The following side effects rarely may happen with this medicine: seem to get worse instead of better, become red, scaly and itchy.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated-
- if you are allergic (hypersensitive) to polymyxin B sulphate, neomycin sulphate, hydrocortisone or any of the other ingredients of this preparation.
- if you are allergic (hypersensitive) to aminoglycoside antibiotics such as framycetin, kanamycin or gentamicin
- if you have a perforated ear drum
- if you have either a viral, fungal or tubercular (TB) infection
- for a child under 3 years old.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be taken if you have kidney problems. If you have a long-standing infection of your outer ear.
InteractionsView
Additive toxicity with neurotoxic, ototoxic or nephrotoxic drugs. Increased neuromuscular blockade and possibly respiratory depression with neuromuscular blocking agents if significant amounts of neomycin absorbed significantly.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Do not use this preparation if you are pregnant or plan to get pregnant. Do not breast-feed while using this.
StorageView
Keep out of the reach and sight of children. Do not store above 25°C. Should be stored in the carton to protect it from light.
Polynac
Aceclofenac
Polynac
Aceclofenac
Indications
Spondylitis
Indication detailsView
Aceclofenac is indicated for the relief of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, toothache, trauma and lumbago.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Osteoarthritis, Drugs used for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
PharmacologyView
Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which is involved in the production of prostaglandin. After oral administration, it is rapidly and completely absorbed an unchanged drug.
DosageView
Extended release tablet: The recommended dose in adults is one 200 mg Aceclofenac tablet daily or as prescribed by the physician.
Film coated tablet: The recommended dose in adults is 100 mg, twice daily.
Side effectsView
Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which is involved in the production of prostaglandin. After oral administration, it is rapidly and completely absorbed an unchanged drug.
ContraindicationsView
Aceclofenac is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to it or in whom aspirin or NSAIDs precipitate attacks of asthma.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised to patients with active or suspected peptic ulcer or gastro-intestinal bleeding moderate to severe hepatic impairment and cardiac or renal impairment. Caution should also be exercised in patients suffering from dizziness or urticaria.
InteractionsView
No significant drug interactions has not been observed but close monitoring of patients is required when it is used with:
- Lithium and Digoxin: may increase plasma concentration of lithium and digoxin.
- Diuretics: may interact the activity of diuretics.
- Anticoagulants: may enhance the activity of anticoagulant.
- Methotrexate: may increase the plasma level of methotrexate.
Pregnancy & lactationView
The use of Aceclofenac should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Pediatric usageView
There are no clinical data on the use of Aceclofenac in children.
StorageView
keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Polypro
Polyethylene Glycol + Propylene Glycol
Polypro
Polyethylene Glycol + Propylene Glycol
Indications
Dry eye
Indication detailsView
This sterile eye drops is indicated for the temporary relief of burning and irritation due to dryness of the eye.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Dry eyes
PharmacologyView
The combination of Polyethylene Glycol 400 & Propylene Glycol is clinically proven to reduce both signs and symptoms of dry eye. The mechanism of action is thought to be due to its unique gelling and lubricating system formulated to adjust to each users individual tear pH. When the ingredients of this eye drops combine with natural tears, a soft gel forms a network of protection over the eye surface. Since it promotes a healthy environment in eye surfaces, damaged surface cells of eye can repair more easily.
DosageView
Instill 1 drop 4 times daily in the affected eye(s) or as needed.
Side effectsView
Generally well tolerated. This sterile eye drops should not be used if allergic condition occurs to any ingredients of the product.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any ingredient in this formulation.
PrecautionsView
Never touch the tip of the container with any surface to avoid contamination. Replace cap after each use.
StorageView
Store in a cool & dry place, protect from light. Do not use longer than one month after the first opening. Keep out of the reach of children
Polyron
Iron Polymaltose Complex
Polyron
Iron Polymaltose Complex
Indications
Iron deficiency
Indication detailsView
Iron Polymaltose Complex is indicated for the-
- Treatment of latent iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia including macrocytic anaemia,nutritional anaemia of infants, anaemia due to excessive haemorrhage and anaemia associated with infections and malignant disease.
- Prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anaemia before, during and after pregnancy and during lactation.
- For prophylactic therapy of iron deficiency to cover the recommended daily dietary allowances (RDA).
Therapeutic classView
Oral Iron preparations
PharmacologyView
Iron Polymaltose Complex is a polysaccharide-iron complex, which is a novel iron preparation used in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia. Iron, an essential constituent of the body, is necessary for haemoglobin formation and for the oxidative process of living tissue. This preparation contains non-ionic ferric iron and polymaltose in a stable complex. This facilitates a controlled absorption of the ferric iron when it comes in contact with the mucosal cell surface. Being non-ionic, it does not release any free radicals and thus takes care of all the toxic effects found due to the release of free radicals by the traditional ionized iron salt preparations. It does not interact with the food components and other medications and so, unlike ferrous salts, there is no decrease in bioavailability of Iron Polymaltose Complex. This makes sure that with the consumption of this complex, iron gets utilized at a faster rate in the haemoglobin and myoglobin synthesis.
DosageView
Dosage and duration of therapy are dependent upon the extent of iron deficiency and should be taken as directed by the physician.
- Adults: 10 ml once or twice daily
- Children (6-12 years): 10 ml daily
- Children (2-6 years): 5 ml daily
- Premature infants & Infants: 3.33 mg of elemental iron/kg body weight.
Side effectsView
This preparation is well tolerated. However, a few side effects of oral iron preparations, including nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhoea may occur.
ContraindicationsView
- In conditions where there is a risk of iron overload e.g. haemochromatosis, thalassemia or
haemosiderosis. - In case of hypersensitivity to iron or any other ingredients of the syrup.
PrecautionsView
Initially epigastric pain, diarrhea and vomiting; and may include metabolic acidosis, convulsions, and coma after apparent recovery. Speed is essential for effective treatment which is dependent upon removing excess iron from the alimentary tract prior to absorption. Initially an emetic should be given, followed by gastric lavage with 1% sodium bicarbonate, and oral administration of desferrioxamine to complex with residue.
InteractionsView
Generally no interactions have been observed. Since, the iron is complex bound, ionic interactions with foodstuff components (phytates, oxalates, tannin, etc.) and concomitantly administered medicaments (tetracycline, antacids) are unlikely to occur.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Administration of drugs during first trimester of pregnancy requires careful assessment of potential risk versus benefits to be gained and should not be administered unless clearly indicated. For the remainder of the pregnancy, iron therapy may be indicated but only on advice of a physician. Iron is excreted in breast milk but not in clinically significant concentrations.
Overdose effectsView
In case of overdosage, initially epigastric pain, diarrhoea and vomiting can occur and may include metabolic acidosis, convulsions and coma after apparent recovery. Should seek emergency medical attention in case of overdose. Initially an emetic should be given and then gastric lavage and general supportive measures should be employed.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Polysol
Polyethylene Glycol + Propylene Glycol
Polysol
Polyethylene Glycol + Propylene Glycol
Indications
Dry eye
Indication detailsView
This sterile eye drops is indicated for the temporary relief of burning and irritation due to dryness of the eye.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Dry eyes
PharmacologyView
The combination of Polyethylene Glycol 400 & Propylene Glycol is clinically proven to reduce both signs and symptoms of dry eye. The mechanism of action is thought to be due to its unique gelling and lubricating system formulated to adjust to each users individual tear pH. When the ingredients of this eye drops combine with natural tears, a soft gel forms a network of protection over the eye surface. Since it promotes a healthy environment in eye surfaces, damaged surface cells of eye can repair more easily.
DosageView
Instill 1 drop 4 times daily in the affected eye(s) or as needed.
Side effectsView
Generally well tolerated. This sterile eye drops should not be used if allergic condition occurs to any ingredients of the product.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any ingredient in this formulation.
PrecautionsView
Never touch the tip of the container with any surface to avoid contamination. Replace cap after each use.
StorageView
Store in a cool & dry place, protect from light. Do not use longer than one month after the first opening. Keep out of the reach of children
Polytamin
Iron Polymaltose Complex + Vitamin B Complex + Zinc
Polytamin
Iron Polymaltose Complex + Vitamin B Complex + Zinc
Indications
Vitamin deficiency
Indication detailsView
This syrup is indicated for the treatment and prevention of Iron, Vitamin B complex and Zinc deficiencies, specially during pregnancy and lactation.
Therapeutic classView
Iron & Vitamin Combined preparations
PharmacologyView
This syrup is the preparation of Iron, Vitamin B complex and Zinc. In this preparation, Iron is present as Iron (III) Hydroxide Polymaltose Complex. Iron (III) Hydroxide Polymaltose Complex facilitates a controlled absorption of the iron when it comes in contact with the mucosal cell surface. Due to non-ionic nature, this Iron (III) Hydroxide Polymaltose Complex is more stable than conventional Iron form.
DosageView
Adults: 5 ml-10 ml (1-2 teaspoonful) 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.
Children: 5 ml (1 teaspoonful) 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.
Infants: 0.33 ml/kg body weight daily or as recommended by the physician.
Children: 5 ml (1 teaspoonful) 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.
Infants: 0.33 ml/kg body weight daily or as recommended by the physician.
Side effectsView
This syrup is generally well tolerated. However, a few side effects of oral Iron preparations, including nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhoea may occur.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of this product.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be taken in the conditions where there is a risk of Iron overload, such as hemochromatosis, thalassemia, hemosiderosis or hemolytic anemia.
InteractionsView
Since Iron is complex bound, ionic interaction with foodstuff components (phytates, oxalates, tannin etc.) and concomitant administrations of medicaments (tetracyclines, antacids) are unlikely to occur.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Recommended in pregnancy & lactation
Pediatric usageView
Recommended in children
Overdose effectsView
In case of overdose, epigastric pain, diarrhoea, vomiting, metabolic acidosis and convulsion may occur. Should seek emergency medical attention in case of overdose. Initially an emetic should be given and then gastric lavage & general supportive measures should be employed.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Polytar
Coal Tar Solution
Polytar
Coal Tar Solution
Indications
Seborrhea
Indication detailsView
Polytar Scalp Shampoo effectively controls dandruff, stubborn dandruff and scalp psoriasis. Polytar has a unique formulation containing: natural tars to clear scales, relieve itching and inflammation, and slow the rate of skin cell growth oils to moisturise the scalp.
Therapeutic classView
Coal-tar preparations, Emollients & combined preparations
PharmacologyView
Polytar Scalp Shampoo is a thick, coal-tar based shampoo that soothes irritated skin on the scalp, reducing itchiness, scaling, and inflammation.
These symptoms are often experienced by people with scalp psoriasis or other related skin conditions such as eczema. In these cases, a specially formulated shampoo is required, as standard shampoos often contain irritants that make the condition worse.
Coal tar is proven to provide relief for psoriasis sufferers. It is a thick oil that works on patches of inflamed red skin covered in scales. It moisturises and nourishes the skin to reduce scales and dandruff, and soothes it to make it feel less itchy.
This shampoo can be used by adults and children aged 12 or over.
These symptoms are often experienced by people with scalp psoriasis or other related skin conditions such as eczema. In these cases, a specially formulated shampoo is required, as standard shampoos often contain irritants that make the condition worse.
Coal tar is proven to provide relief for psoriasis sufferers. It is a thick oil that works on patches of inflamed red skin covered in scales. It moisturises and nourishes the skin to reduce scales and dandruff, and soothes it to make it feel less itchy.
This shampoo can be used by adults and children aged 12 or over.
DosageView
Polytar Scalp Shampoo should be used by adults and children over the age of 12, once or twice per week for an initial period of 4 weeks.
First, wet your hair and then massage a small amount of the shampoo into the scalp and any affected areas nearby, using the fingertips. After it has lathered, rinse the scalp well. Repeat this process, ensuring that the shampoo is in contact with scalp for around 3-5 minutes in total over the two applications.
For use for longer than a period of 4 weeks, consult a doctor and use as directed.
First, wet your hair and then massage a small amount of the shampoo into the scalp and any affected areas nearby, using the fingertips. After it has lathered, rinse the scalp well. Repeat this process, ensuring that the shampoo is in contact with scalp for around 3-5 minutes in total over the two applications.
For use for longer than a period of 4 weeks, consult a doctor and use as directed.
Side effectsView
In rare cases, Polytar Scalp Shampoo is associated with skin reactions due to allergies (rashes, swelling, difficulty breathing). Other possible rare side effects include eye irritation, hair loss, itchy and redskin, change of hair colour or texture, and burning sensations on the skin.
If you are taking other medications, speak to your doctor before using this shampoo, as certain antibiotics and tranquilizers increase sensitivity to sunlight.
If you are taking other medications, speak to your doctor before using this shampoo, as certain antibiotics and tranquilizers increase sensitivity to sunlight.
ContraindicationsView
Hypersensitivity
PrecautionsView
Keep Polytar Scalp Shampoo away from children, in a cool place. Use eternally only and take care not to get any in the eyes.
Avoid using this product if you are allergic to coal tar or any of the listed ingredients. It is not suitable for use by children below the age of 12, and never use on open, damaged, or blistered skin.
In some cases, especially where excessive shampoo is used or it is used more frequently than advised, irritation may occur. This may also occur if the shampoo is in contact with sensitive or inflamed skin. If you experience such a reaction, stop using it.
While using this shampoo, avoid strong sunlight and sunbeds, as some people become extra-sensitive to UV radiation. It’s best to wear protective clothing and sunscreen until you know how you will react. Also, if you are taking other medicines that make you more sensitive to sunlight, seek your doctor’s advice before using this shampoo.
If you are pregnant, avoid using it in the first trimester of pregnancy; consult with your doctor before using while breastfeeding.
Avoid using this product if you are allergic to coal tar or any of the listed ingredients. It is not suitable for use by children below the age of 12, and never use on open, damaged, or blistered skin.
In some cases, especially where excessive shampoo is used or it is used more frequently than advised, irritation may occur. This may also occur if the shampoo is in contact with sensitive or inflamed skin. If you experience such a reaction, stop using it.
While using this shampoo, avoid strong sunlight and sunbeds, as some people become extra-sensitive to UV radiation. It’s best to wear protective clothing and sunscreen until you know how you will react. Also, if you are taking other medicines that make you more sensitive to sunlight, seek your doctor’s advice before using this shampoo.
If you are pregnant, avoid using it in the first trimester of pregnancy; consult with your doctor before using while breastfeeding.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks
Polytetra
Oxytetracycline + Polymixin B Sulphate
Polytetra
Oxytetracycline + Polymixin B Sulphate
Indications
Superficial skin infections
Indication detailsView
This is indicated for the prophylaxis and local treatment of superficial ocular infections due to oxytetracycline and polymyxin-sensitive organisms, including infections due to streptococci, rickettsiae, E. coli, and A. aerogenes, such as conjunctivitis, keratitis, pink eye, corneal ulcer, blepharitis in dogs, cats, cattle, sheep, and horses; ocular infections due to secondary bacterial complications of distemper in dogs, and bacterial inflammatory conditions which may occur secondary to other infectious diseases in the above species.
Therapeutic classView
Topical Antibiotic preparations
PharmacologyView
Oxytetracycline inhibits cell growth by inhibiting translation. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the A site of the ribosome. The binding is reversible in nature. Oxytetracycline is lipophilic and can easily pass through the cell membrane or passively diffuses through porin channels in the bacterial membrane.
The broad-spectrum effectiveness of this ointment against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms is enhanced by the particular effectiveness of polymyxin B against infections associated with gram-negative organisms, especially those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, where polymyxin B is the antibiotic of choice. In addition, there is evidence to indicate that polymyxin B sulfate possesses some antifungal activity.
The broad-spectrum effectiveness of this ointment against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms is enhanced by the particular effectiveness of polymyxin B against infections associated with gram-negative organisms, especially those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, where polymyxin B is the antibiotic of choice. In addition, there is evidence to indicate that polymyxin B sulfate possesses some antifungal activity.
DosageView
Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride and Polymyxin B Sulfate Ophthalmic Ointment should be administered topically to the eye 2-4 times daily.
Side effectsView
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. When used in small doses, no common side effects have been reported with this product. Seek medical attention right away if any of these severe side effects occur: Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); eye swelling or redness.
PrecautionsView
Serious, life threatening, hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions have been reported in some cats following application of antibiotic ophthalmic preparations. If your cat has swelling of the face, itching, appears weak, vomits, or has difficulty breathing within 4 hours of application you should discontinue treatment and contact your veterinarian immediately. The use of oxytetracycline and other antibiotics may result in an overgrowth of resistant organisms such as Monilia, staphylococci, and other species of bacteria. If new infections due to nonsensitive bacteria or fungi appear during therapy, appropriate measures should be taken.
Pregnancy & lactationView
If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using oxytetracycline or polymyxin b sulfate ointment while you are pregnant. It is not known if this medicine is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use oxytetracycline or polymyxin b sulfate ointment, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.
StorageView
Store at controlled room temperature between 20° to 25°C
Polytracin
Bacitracin Zinc + Polymyxin B Sulfate
Polytracin
Bacitracin Zinc + Polymyxin B Sulfate
Indications
Diaper rash
Indication detailsView
This ophthalmic ointment is indicated in the treatment of bacterial infections of the eye and its adnexa including conjunctivitis, keratitis, corneal ulceration and ulcerative blepharitis. It may be applied to prevent ocular infection both pre and post operatively.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs
PharmacologyView
This ophthalmic ointment is a sterile antimicrobial ointment for ophthalmic use, cointaining Polymixin-B sulphate and Bacitracin Zinc.
Polymixin-B sulphate and Becitracin Zinc are both bactericidal antibiotics, The former exerts its action by binding with the cellular membrane and the later by inhibiting bacterial cell wall development.
Polymixin-B sulphate and Becitracin Zinc are both bactericidal antibiotics, The former exerts its action by binding with the cellular membrane and the later by inhibiting bacterial cell wall development.
DosageView
Apply the ointment every 3 to 4 hourly for 7 to 10 days, depending on the severity of the infection or as directed by the physician.
Side effectsView
Sometimes this ointment may be absorbed in the blood, but shows no blood related toxicity. Moreover Allergic reaction, eye irritation, eye redness, itching, swelling may occur.
ContraindicationsView
Polytracin is contraindicated in those individuals who have shown hypersensitivity to Polymixin-B sulphate, Becitracin Zinc or to cross sensitizing substances.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Bacitracin Zinc: Pregnancy Category C
Polymyxin B Sulphate: Pregnancy Category B
Lactation: Undetermined
Polymyxin B Sulphate: Pregnancy Category B
Lactation: Undetermined
Polyxim
Cefixime Trihydrate
Polyxim
Cefixime Trihydrate
Indications
Urethritis
Indication detailsView
Cefixime is indicated in the treatment of the following infections when caused by the susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms:
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis.
- Otitis Media caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Pharyngitis and tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Acute bronchitis and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
- Uncomplicated gonorrhoea (cervical/urethral) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Therapeutic classView
Third generation Cephalosporins
PharmacologyView
Cefixime is a third generation semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic for oral administration. It is bactericidal against a broad spectrum of gram positive and gram negative bacteria at easily achievable plasma concentrations. It kills bacteria by interfering in the synthesis of bacterial cell wall. It is highly stable in the presence of Beta-lactamase enzyme. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalsporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to Cefixime. Absorption of it is about 40% to 50% whether administered with or without food.
DosageView
The usual course of treatment is 7 days. This may be continued for up to 14 days depending on the severity of the infection.
Adult and children over 12 years: The recommended adult dose is 200-400 mg (1 to 2 capsules) daily, given either as a single dose or in two divided doses. For the treatment of uncomplicated cervical/urethral gonococcal infections, a single oral dose of Cefixime 400 mg is recommended.
Children (6 month or older): Usually 8 mg/kg/day given as a single dose or in two divided doses or may be given as following
Adult and children over 12 years: The recommended adult dose is 200-400 mg (1 to 2 capsules) daily, given either as a single dose or in two divided doses. For the treatment of uncomplicated cervical/urethral gonococcal infections, a single oral dose of Cefixime 400 mg is recommended.
Children (6 month or older): Usually 8 mg/kg/day given as a single dose or in two divided doses or may be given as following
- ½-1 year: 75 mg daily.
- 1-4 years: 100 mg daily.
- 5-10 years: 200 mg daily.
- 11-12 years: 300 mg daily
- In typhoid fever, dosage should be 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days.
Side effectsView
The drug is generally well tolerated. The most frequent side effects are diarrhoea and stool changes; that have been more commonly associated with higher doses. Other side effects are nausea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, vomiting, flatulence, headache and dizziness. Allergies in the form of rash, pruritus, urticaria, drug fever and arthralgia have been reported. These reactions usually subsided upon dicontinuation of therapy.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to Cefixime or other cephalosporins.
PrecautionsView
The drug should be prescribed with caution in individuals with a history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis. The drug should be given with caution in patients with marked impaired renal function as well as those undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. Dosage adjustment is only necessary in severe renal failure (creatinine clearance < 20 ml/min), in that case a dose of 200 mg once daily should not be exceeded.
InteractionsView
Carbamazepine: Concomitant use elevates the carbamazepine level. Warfarin and other anticoagulants: Concomitant use increases prothrombin time.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known that Cefixime is excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefixime is administered to a nursing woman.
Overdose effectsView
Gastric Lavage may be indicated; otherwise, no specific antidote exists. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities from the circulation by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Adverse reactions in small numbers of healthy adult volunteers receiving single doses up to 2 g of Cefixime did not differ from the profile seen in patients treated at the recommended doses.
StorageView
Keep below 30ºC temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Polyxim
Cefixime Trihydrate
Polyxim
Cefixime Trihydrate
Indications
Urethritis
Indication detailsView
Cefixime is indicated in the treatment of the following infections when caused by the susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms:
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis.
- Otitis Media caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Pharyngitis and tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Acute bronchitis and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
- Uncomplicated gonorrhoea (cervical/urethral) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Therapeutic classView
Third generation Cephalosporins
PharmacologyView
Cefixime is a third generation semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic for oral administration. It is bactericidal against a broad spectrum of gram positive and gram negative bacteria at easily achievable plasma concentrations. It kills bacteria by interfering in the synthesis of bacterial cell wall. It is highly stable in the presence of Beta-lactamase enzyme. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalsporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to Cefixime. Absorption of it is about 40% to 50% whether administered with or without food.
DosageView
The usual course of treatment is 7 days. This may be continued for up to 14 days depending on the severity of the infection.
Adult and children over 12 years: The recommended adult dose is 200-400 mg (1 to 2 capsules) daily, given either as a single dose or in two divided doses. For the treatment of uncomplicated cervical/urethral gonococcal infections, a single oral dose of Cefixime 400 mg is recommended.
Children (6 month or older): Usually 8 mg/kg/day given as a single dose or in two divided doses or may be given as following
Adult and children over 12 years: The recommended adult dose is 200-400 mg (1 to 2 capsules) daily, given either as a single dose or in two divided doses. For the treatment of uncomplicated cervical/urethral gonococcal infections, a single oral dose of Cefixime 400 mg is recommended.
Children (6 month or older): Usually 8 mg/kg/day given as a single dose or in two divided doses or may be given as following
- ½-1 year: 75 mg daily.
- 1-4 years: 100 mg daily.
- 5-10 years: 200 mg daily.
- 11-12 years: 300 mg daily
- In typhoid fever, dosage should be 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days.
Side effectsView
The drug is generally well tolerated. The most frequent side effects are diarrhoea and stool changes; that have been more commonly associated with higher doses. Other side effects are nausea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, vomiting, flatulence, headache and dizziness. Allergies in the form of rash, pruritus, urticaria, drug fever and arthralgia have been reported. These reactions usually subsided upon dicontinuation of therapy.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to Cefixime or other cephalosporins.
PrecautionsView
The drug should be prescribed with caution in individuals with a history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis. The drug should be given with caution in patients with marked impaired renal function as well as those undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. Dosage adjustment is only necessary in severe renal failure (creatinine clearance < 20 ml/min), in that case a dose of 200 mg once daily should not be exceeded.
InteractionsView
Carbamazepine: Concomitant use elevates the carbamazepine level. Warfarin and other anticoagulants: Concomitant use increases prothrombin time.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known that Cefixime is excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefixime is administered to a nursing woman.
Overdose effectsView
Gastric Lavage may be indicated; otherwise, no specific antidote exists. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities from the circulation by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Adverse reactions in small numbers of healthy adult volunteers receiving single doses up to 2 g of Cefixime did not differ from the profile seen in patients treated at the recommended doses.
StorageView
Keep below 30ºC temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Polyxim
Cefixime Trihydrate
Polyxim
Cefixime Trihydrate
Indications
Urethritis
Indication detailsView
Cefixime is indicated in the treatment of the following infections when caused by the susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms:
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis.
- Otitis Media caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Pharyngitis and tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Acute bronchitis and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
- Uncomplicated gonorrhoea (cervical/urethral) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Therapeutic classView
Third generation Cephalosporins
PharmacologyView
Cefixime is a third generation semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic for oral administration. It is bactericidal against a broad spectrum of gram positive and gram negative bacteria at easily achievable plasma concentrations. It kills bacteria by interfering in the synthesis of bacterial cell wall. It is highly stable in the presence of Beta-lactamase enzyme. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalsporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to Cefixime. Absorption of it is about 40% to 50% whether administered with or without food.
DosageView
The usual course of treatment is 7 days. This may be continued for up to 14 days depending on the severity of the infection.
Adult and children over 12 years: The recommended adult dose is 200-400 mg (1 to 2 capsules) daily, given either as a single dose or in two divided doses. For the treatment of uncomplicated cervical/urethral gonococcal infections, a single oral dose of Cefixime 400 mg is recommended.
Children (6 month or older): Usually 8 mg/kg/day given as a single dose or in two divided doses or may be given as following
Adult and children over 12 years: The recommended adult dose is 200-400 mg (1 to 2 capsules) daily, given either as a single dose or in two divided doses. For the treatment of uncomplicated cervical/urethral gonococcal infections, a single oral dose of Cefixime 400 mg is recommended.
Children (6 month or older): Usually 8 mg/kg/day given as a single dose or in two divided doses or may be given as following
- ½-1 year: 75 mg daily.
- 1-4 years: 100 mg daily.
- 5-10 years: 200 mg daily.
- 11-12 years: 300 mg daily
- In typhoid fever, dosage should be 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days.
Side effectsView
The drug is generally well tolerated. The most frequent side effects are diarrhoea and stool changes; that have been more commonly associated with higher doses. Other side effects are nausea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, vomiting, flatulence, headache and dizziness. Allergies in the form of rash, pruritus, urticaria, drug fever and arthralgia have been reported. These reactions usually subsided upon dicontinuation of therapy.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to Cefixime or other cephalosporins.
PrecautionsView
The drug should be prescribed with caution in individuals with a history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis. The drug should be given with caution in patients with marked impaired renal function as well as those undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. Dosage adjustment is only necessary in severe renal failure (creatinine clearance < 20 ml/min), in that case a dose of 200 mg once daily should not be exceeded.
InteractionsView
Carbamazepine: Concomitant use elevates the carbamazepine level. Warfarin and other anticoagulants: Concomitant use increases prothrombin time.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known that Cefixime is excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefixime is administered to a nursing woman.
Overdose effectsView
Gastric Lavage may be indicated; otherwise, no specific antidote exists. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities from the circulation by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Adverse reactions in small numbers of healthy adult volunteers receiving single doses up to 2 g of Cefixime did not differ from the profile seen in patients treated at the recommended doses.
StorageView
Keep below 30ºC temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Polyxim DS
Cefixime Trihydrate
Polyxim DS
Cefixime Trihydrate
Indications
Urethritis
Indication detailsView
Cefixime is indicated in the treatment of the following infections when caused by the susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms:
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis.
- Otitis Media caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Pharyngitis and tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Acute bronchitis and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
- Uncomplicated gonorrhoea (cervical/urethral) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Therapeutic classView
Third generation Cephalosporins
PharmacologyView
Cefixime is a third generation semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic for oral administration. It is bactericidal against a broad spectrum of gram positive and gram negative bacteria at easily achievable plasma concentrations. It kills bacteria by interfering in the synthesis of bacterial cell wall. It is highly stable in the presence of Beta-lactamase enzyme. As a result, many organisms resistant to penicillins and some cephalsporins due to the presence of beta-lactamases, may be susceptible to Cefixime. Absorption of it is about 40% to 50% whether administered with or without food.
DosageView
The usual course of treatment is 7 days. This may be continued for up to 14 days depending on the severity of the infection.
Adult and children over 12 years: The recommended adult dose is 200-400 mg (1 to 2 capsules) daily, given either as a single dose or in two divided doses. For the treatment of uncomplicated cervical/urethral gonococcal infections, a single oral dose of Cefixime 400 mg is recommended.
Children (6 month or older): Usually 8 mg/kg/day given as a single dose or in two divided doses or may be given as following
Adult and children over 12 years: The recommended adult dose is 200-400 mg (1 to 2 capsules) daily, given either as a single dose or in two divided doses. For the treatment of uncomplicated cervical/urethral gonococcal infections, a single oral dose of Cefixime 400 mg is recommended.
Children (6 month or older): Usually 8 mg/kg/day given as a single dose or in two divided doses or may be given as following
- ½-1 year: 75 mg daily.
- 1-4 years: 100 mg daily.
- 5-10 years: 200 mg daily.
- 11-12 years: 300 mg daily
- In typhoid fever, dosage should be 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days.
Side effectsView
The drug is generally well tolerated. The most frequent side effects are diarrhoea and stool changes; that have been more commonly associated with higher doses. Other side effects are nausea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, vomiting, flatulence, headache and dizziness. Allergies in the form of rash, pruritus, urticaria, drug fever and arthralgia have been reported. These reactions usually subsided upon dicontinuation of therapy.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to Cefixime or other cephalosporins.
PrecautionsView
The drug should be prescribed with caution in individuals with a history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis. The drug should be given with caution in patients with marked impaired renal function as well as those undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis. Dosage adjustment is only necessary in severe renal failure (creatinine clearance < 20 ml/min), in that case a dose of 200 mg once daily should not be exceeded.
InteractionsView
Carbamazepine: Concomitant use elevates the carbamazepine level. Warfarin and other anticoagulants: Concomitant use increases prothrombin time.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known that Cefixime is excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefixime is administered to a nursing woman.
Overdose effectsView
Gastric Lavage may be indicated; otherwise, no specific antidote exists. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities from the circulation by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Adverse reactions in small numbers of healthy adult volunteers receiving single doses up to 2 g of Cefixime did not differ from the profile seen in patients treated at the recommended doses.
StorageView
Keep below 30ºC temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Ponatinix
Ponatinib Hydrochloride
Ponatinix
Ponatinib Hydrochloride
Indications
Lymphocytic leukemia
Indication detailsView
Ponatinib is a kinase inhibitor indicated for the:
- Treatment of adult patients with chronic phase, accelerated phase, or blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) or Ph+ ALL for whom no other tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is indicated.
- Treatment of adult patients with T315I-positive CML (chronic phase, accelerated phase, or blast phase) or T315I-positive Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL).
Therapeutic classView
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
PharmacologyView
Ponatinib is a kinase inhibitor. Ponatinib inhibited the in vitro tyrosine kinase activity of ABL and T315I mutant ABL with IC 50 concentrations of 0.4 nM and 2.0 nM, respectively. Ponatinib inhibited the in vitro activity of additional kinases with IC 50 concentrations between 0.1 nM and 20 nM, including members of the VEGFR, PDGFR, FGFR, EPH receptors and SRC families of kinases, and KIT, RET, TIE2, and FLT3. Ponatinib inhibited the in vitro viability of cells expressing native or mutant BCR-ABL, including T315I. In mice, treatment with ponatinib reduced the size of tumors expressing native or T315I mutant BCR-ABL when compared to controls.
DosageView
Recommended dose: 45 mg taken orally once daily with or without food
Hepatic Impairment: 30 mg orally once daily. Modify or interrupt dosing for hematologic and non-hematologic toxicity
Hepatic Impairment: 30 mg orally once daily. Modify or interrupt dosing for hematologic and non-hematologic toxicity
Side effectsView
The most common non-hematologic adverse reactions (≥20%) were, abdominal pain, rash, constipation, headache, dry skin, arterial occlusion, fatigue, hypertension, pyrexia, arthralgia, nausea, diarrhea, lipase increased, vomiting, myalgia and pain in extremity.
ContraindicationsView
None
Pregnancy & lactationView
Based on its mechanism of action and findings in animals, Ponatinib can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available data on Ponatinib use in pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of ponatinib to pregnant rats during organogenesis caused adverse developmental effects at doses lower than human exposures at the recommended human dose. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
There is no data on the presence of ponatinib in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant or on milk production.
There is no data on the presence of ponatinib in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant or on milk production.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness have not been established in pediatric patients.
StorageView
Store Ponatinib at room temperature between 20° C to 25° C
Ponatinix
Ponatinib Hydrochloride
Ponatinix
Ponatinib Hydrochloride
Indications
Lymphocytic leukemia
Indication detailsView
Ponatinib is a kinase inhibitor indicated for the:
- Treatment of adult patients with chronic phase, accelerated phase, or blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) or Ph+ ALL for whom no other tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is indicated.
- Treatment of adult patients with T315I-positive CML (chronic phase, accelerated phase, or blast phase) or T315I-positive Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL).
Therapeutic classView
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
PharmacologyView
Ponatinib is a kinase inhibitor. Ponatinib inhibited the in vitro tyrosine kinase activity of ABL and T315I mutant ABL with IC 50 concentrations of 0.4 nM and 2.0 nM, respectively. Ponatinib inhibited the in vitro activity of additional kinases with IC 50 concentrations between 0.1 nM and 20 nM, including members of the VEGFR, PDGFR, FGFR, EPH receptors and SRC families of kinases, and KIT, RET, TIE2, and FLT3. Ponatinib inhibited the in vitro viability of cells expressing native or mutant BCR-ABL, including T315I. In mice, treatment with ponatinib reduced the size of tumors expressing native or T315I mutant BCR-ABL when compared to controls.
DosageView
Recommended dose: 45 mg taken orally once daily with or without food
Hepatic Impairment: 30 mg orally once daily. Modify or interrupt dosing for hematologic and non-hematologic toxicity
Hepatic Impairment: 30 mg orally once daily. Modify or interrupt dosing for hematologic and non-hematologic toxicity
Side effectsView
The most common non-hematologic adverse reactions (≥20%) were, abdominal pain, rash, constipation, headache, dry skin, arterial occlusion, fatigue, hypertension, pyrexia, arthralgia, nausea, diarrhea, lipase increased, vomiting, myalgia and pain in extremity.
ContraindicationsView
None
Pregnancy & lactationView
Based on its mechanism of action and findings in animals, Ponatinib can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available data on Ponatinib use in pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of ponatinib to pregnant rats during organogenesis caused adverse developmental effects at doses lower than human exposures at the recommended human dose. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
There is no data on the presence of ponatinib in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant or on milk production.
There is no data on the presence of ponatinib in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant or on milk production.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness have not been established in pediatric patients.
StorageView
Store Ponatinib at room temperature between 20° C to 25° C
Ponos
Aceclofenac
Ponos
Aceclofenac
Indications
Spondylitis
Indication detailsView
Aceclofenac is indicated for the relief of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, toothache, trauma and lumbago.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Osteoarthritis, Drugs used for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
PharmacologyView
Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which is involved in the production of prostaglandin. After oral administration, it is rapidly and completely absorbed an unchanged drug.
DosageView
Extended release tablet: The recommended dose in adults is one 200 mg Aceclofenac tablet daily or as prescribed by the physician.
Film coated tablet: The recommended dose in adults is 100 mg, twice daily.
Side effectsView
Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which is involved in the production of prostaglandin. After oral administration, it is rapidly and completely absorbed an unchanged drug.
ContraindicationsView
Aceclofenac is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to it or in whom aspirin or NSAIDs precipitate attacks of asthma.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised to patients with active or suspected peptic ulcer or gastro-intestinal bleeding moderate to severe hepatic impairment and cardiac or renal impairment. Caution should also be exercised in patients suffering from dizziness or urticaria.
InteractionsView
No significant drug interactions has not been observed but close monitoring of patients is required when it is used with:
- Lithium and Digoxin: may increase plasma concentration of lithium and digoxin.
- Diuretics: may interact the activity of diuretics.
- Anticoagulants: may enhance the activity of anticoagulant.
- Methotrexate: may increase the plasma level of methotrexate.
Pregnancy & lactationView
The use of Aceclofenac should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Pediatric usageView
There are no clinical data on the use of Aceclofenac in children.
StorageView
keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Popular Hand Sanitizer
Isopropyl Alcohol + Hydrogen Peroxide + Glycerol
Popular Hand Sanitizer
Isopropyl Alcohol + Hydrogen Peroxide + Glycerol
Indications
Preoperative hand disinfection
Indication detailsView
This hand sanitizer is generally used to decrease infectious agents on the hands and is the most commonly used disinfectant in pharmaceutical industries. The important thing is that only 70% solution of isopropyl alcohol acts as a disinfectant killing all surface microorganisms. It is used to disinfect hands and equipment surface in pharmaceuticals.
Therapeutic classView
Bleaching and Disinfectants
PharmacologyView
Isopropyl Alcohol is an isomer of propyl alcohol with antibacterial properties. Although the exact mechanism of isopropanol's disinfecting action is not known, it might kill cells by denaturing cell proteins and DNA, interfering with cellular metabolism, and dissolving cell lipo-protein membranes. Isopropanol is used in soaps and lotions as an antiseptic. 70 % isopropyl alcohol solution kills microorganisms by dissolving plasma membrane of the cell wall.
Glycerol: used as humectant, but other emollients may be used for skin care, provided that they are cheap, widely available and miscible in water and alcohol and do not add to toxicity, or promote allergy.
Hydrogen peroxide: used to inactivate contaminating bacterial spores in the solution and is not an active substance for hand antisepsis.
Glycerol: used as humectant, but other emollients may be used for skin care, provided that they are cheap, widely available and miscible in water and alcohol and do not add to toxicity, or promote allergy.
Hydrogen peroxide: used to inactivate contaminating bacterial spores in the solution and is not an active substance for hand antisepsis.
DosageView
Alcohol-based hand sanitizer is more convenient compared to hand washing with soap and water in most situations in the healthcare setting. It is generally more effective at killing microorganisms and better tolerated than soap and water. Alcohol-based hand sanitizer is recommended only if soap and water are not available. Using guideline is given bellow-
- Apply product to the palm of one hand.
- Rub hands together.
- Rub the product over all surfaces of hands and fingers until hands are dry.
Side effectsView
Inhaling large amounts of isopropyl alcohol can cause nausea, vomiting, irritation of the nose and mucous membranes, throat irritations, and even difficulty with breathing as coughing can occur making it difficult for you to catch your breath. Isopropyl alcohol may cause burning, stinging, or a cold feeling where the medicine is applied.
ContraindicationsView
Isopropyl Alcohol is contraindicated in patients with known Hypersensitivity.
PrecautionsView
Isopropyl Alcohol is highly flammable in the presence of heat, sparks, or an open flame. When handling isopropyl alcohol in a work environment (to best to avoid any contact with skin) protective clothing should be always be worn, including safety gloves and goggles. Isopropyl alcohol should be kept away from heat, sparks, flames and other sources of ignition, as well as strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde, chlorine, ethylene oxide, acids, and isocyanates. A flammable safety cabinet is the best storage option.
StorageView
Isopropyl alcohol should be stored in a tightly closed container in a cool & dry place, protected from light, well-ventilated area. Due to the chemical's extreme flammability, it must be kept away from all possible ignition sources, including heat, sparks, and flames. Keep out of reach of children.
Porishkar
Isopropyl Alcohol + Hydrogen Peroxide + Glycerol
Porishkar
Isopropyl Alcohol + Hydrogen Peroxide + Glycerol
Indications
Preoperative hand disinfection
Indication detailsView
This hand sanitizer is generally used to decrease infectious agents on the hands and is the most commonly used disinfectant in pharmaceutical industries. The important thing is that only 70% solution of isopropyl alcohol acts as a disinfectant killing all surface microorganisms. It is used to disinfect hands and equipment surface in pharmaceuticals.
Therapeutic classView
Bleaching and Disinfectants
PharmacologyView
Isopropyl Alcohol is an isomer of propyl alcohol with antibacterial properties. Although the exact mechanism of isopropanol's disinfecting action is not known, it might kill cells by denaturing cell proteins and DNA, interfering with cellular metabolism, and dissolving cell lipo-protein membranes. Isopropanol is used in soaps and lotions as an antiseptic. 70 % isopropyl alcohol solution kills microorganisms by dissolving plasma membrane of the cell wall.
Glycerol: used as humectant, but other emollients may be used for skin care, provided that they are cheap, widely available and miscible in water and alcohol and do not add to toxicity, or promote allergy.
Hydrogen peroxide: used to inactivate contaminating bacterial spores in the solution and is not an active substance for hand antisepsis.
Glycerol: used as humectant, but other emollients may be used for skin care, provided that they are cheap, widely available and miscible in water and alcohol and do not add to toxicity, or promote allergy.
Hydrogen peroxide: used to inactivate contaminating bacterial spores in the solution and is not an active substance for hand antisepsis.
DosageView
Alcohol-based hand sanitizer is more convenient compared to hand washing with soap and water in most situations in the healthcare setting. It is generally more effective at killing microorganisms and better tolerated than soap and water. Alcohol-based hand sanitizer is recommended only if soap and water are not available. Using guideline is given bellow-
- Apply product to the palm of one hand.
- Rub hands together.
- Rub the product over all surfaces of hands and fingers until hands are dry.
Side effectsView
Inhaling large amounts of isopropyl alcohol can cause nausea, vomiting, irritation of the nose and mucous membranes, throat irritations, and even difficulty with breathing as coughing can occur making it difficult for you to catch your breath. Isopropyl alcohol may cause burning, stinging, or a cold feeling where the medicine is applied.
ContraindicationsView
Isopropyl Alcohol is contraindicated in patients with known Hypersensitivity.
PrecautionsView
Isopropyl Alcohol is highly flammable in the presence of heat, sparks, or an open flame. When handling isopropyl alcohol in a work environment (to best to avoid any contact with skin) protective clothing should be always be worn, including safety gloves and goggles. Isopropyl alcohol should be kept away from heat, sparks, flames and other sources of ignition, as well as strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde, chlorine, ethylene oxide, acids, and isocyanates. A flammable safety cabinet is the best storage option.
StorageView
Isopropyl alcohol should be stored in a tightly closed container in a cool & dry place, protected from light, well-ventilated area. Due to the chemical's extreme flammability, it must be kept away from all possible ignition sources, including heat, sparks, and flames. Keep out of reach of children.
Posanox
Posaconazole
Posanox
Posaconazole
Indications
Invasive aspergillosis
Indication detailsView
Posaconazole is indicated in patients aged 13 years and above for the treatment of the following fungal infections:
- Invasive aspergillosis in patients with disease that is refractory or intolerant to Amphotericin B or Itraconazole
- Fusariosis in patients with disease that is refractory or intolerant to Amphotericin B
- Chromoblastomycosis and mycetoma in patients with disease that is refractory or intolerant to Itraconazole
- Coccidioidomycosis in patients with disease that is refractory or intolerant to Amphotericin B, Itraconazole or Fluconazole or in patients who are intolerant of these medicinal products.
- Patients receiving remission-induction chemotherapy for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) or Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) expected to result in prolonged neutropenia and who are at high risk of developing invasive fungal infections
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) recipients who are undergoing high-dose immunosuppressive therapy for graft versus host disease and who are at high risk of developing invasive fungal infections Refractoriness is defined as progression of infection or failure to improve after a minimum of 7 days of prior therapeutic doses of effective antifungal therapy
Therapeutic classView
Aural Anti-fungal preparations
PharmacologyView
Posaconazole blocks the synthesis of ergosterol, a key component of the fungal cell membrane. It inhibits the cytochrome P-450 dependent enzyme Lanosterol 14-α-demethylase responsible for the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane. This results in an accumulation of methylated sterol precursors and a depletion of ergosterol within the cell membrane, thus weakening the structure and function of the fungal cell membrane.
DosageView
Posaconazole Tablets can be taken with or without food. The tablets should be swallowed whole with water and should not be crushed, chewed, or broken.
Loading Dose: 300 mg (3 Tablets) twice a day on the first day.
Maintenance Dose: 300 mg (3 Tablets) once a day from the second day.
Duration of therapy should be based on the severity of the underlying disease, recovery from immunosuppression and clinical response.
Loading Dose: 300 mg (3 Tablets) twice a day on the first day.
Maintenance Dose: 300 mg (3 Tablets) once a day from the second day.
Duration of therapy should be based on the severity of the underlying disease, recovery from immunosuppression and clinical response.
Side effectsView
Common treatment-emergent adverse reactions in studies with Posaconazole are diarrhea, nausea, fever, vomiting, headache, coughing and hypokalemia.
ContraindicationsView
Posaconazole is contraindicated in persons with known hypersensitivity to Posaconazole or other azole antifungal agents. Co-administration with ergot alkaloids, CYP3A4 substrates, Terfenadine, Astemizole, Cisapride, Pimozide, Halofantrine or Quinidine since this may result in increased plasma concentrations of these medicinal products leading to QTc prolongation and rare occurrences of torsades de pointes, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors simvastatin, lovastatin and atorvastatin is contraindicated.
InteractionsView
Posaconazole is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 and should only be used under specific circumstances during treatment with other medicinal products that are metabolized by CYP3A4 like Midazolam, Triazolam, Alprazolam. Posaconazole concentrations may be significantly lowered in combination with Rifamycin antibacterials (Rifampicin, Rifabutin), certain anticonvulsants (Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Phenobarbital, Primidone and Efavirenz).
Pregnancy & lactationView
Posaconazole must not be used during pregnancy unless the benefit to the mother clearly outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Breast-feeding must be stopped on initiation of treatment with this drug.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 13 years has not been established. Therefore, Posaconazole is not recommended for pediatric patients less than 13 years of age.
Geriatric Use: No dose adjustment is necessary for geriatric patients.
Hepatic Impairment: Posaconazole should be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment due to limited clinical experience and the possibility that posaconazole plasma levels may be higher in these patients. Liver function tests should be evaluated at the start of and during the course of posaconazole therapy.
Renal Impairment: No dose adjustment is required in patients with mild (eGFR: 50-80 mL/min/1.73 m2) to moderate renal impairment (eGFR: 20-49 mL/min/1.73 m2). Patients with severe renal impairment should be monitored closely for breakthrough fungal infections.
Geriatric Use: No dose adjustment is necessary for geriatric patients.
Hepatic Impairment: Posaconazole should be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment due to limited clinical experience and the possibility that posaconazole plasma levels may be higher in these patients. Liver function tests should be evaluated at the start of and during the course of posaconazole therapy.
Renal Impairment: No dose adjustment is required in patients with mild (eGFR: 50-80 mL/min/1.73 m2) to moderate renal impairment (eGFR: 20-49 mL/min/1.73 m2). Patients with severe renal impairment should be monitored closely for breakthrough fungal infections.
StorageView
Store below 25°C. Keep out of the reach of children.