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Anti-emetic drugs, Phenothiazine drugs, Phenothiazine related drugs

Chlorpromazine is a neuroleptic that acts by blocking the postsynaptic dopamine receptor in the mesolimbic dopaminergic system and inhibits the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones. It has antiemetic, serotonin-blocking, and weak antihistaminic properties and slight ganglion-blocking activity.

Schizophrenia, Psychoses, Anxiety and Agitation

Oral-

• Adult: Initially 25 mg three times daily or 75 mg at bedtime increasing by daily amounts of 25 mg to an effective maintenance dose. This is usually in the range 75 to 300 mg daily, but some patients may require up to 1 g daily.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 4 - 6 hours to a maximum recommended dose of 40 mg daily. 6-12 Years: A third to half the adult dose, to a maximum recommended dose of 75 mg daily.
• Elderly: Start with a third to a half the usual adult dose with a more gradual increase in dosage.

Intramuscular-

• Adult: For acute relief of symptoms 25 - 50 mg every 6-8 hours.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 6 - 8 hours. Dosage is not advised to exceed 40 mg daily. 6-12 Years: 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 6-8 hours. Not to exceed 75 mg daily.
• Elderly: Doses in the lower range for adults should be sufficient to control symptoms, i.e. 25 mg, 8 hourly.

Intractable Hiccup (Adult)

• Oral: 25-50 mg three or four times daily.
• Intramuscular: 25-50 mg every 6-8 hours.
• Intravenous Infusion: If other routes of administration are inappropriate, give 25-50 mg in 500-1000 ml sodium chloride by slow intravenous infusion every 6-8 hours.

Nausea and Vomiting of Terminal Illness

Oral-

• Adults: 10-25 mg every 4-6 hours.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg every 4 - 6 hours. Maximum daily dosage should not exceed 40 mg. 6-12 Years: 0.5 mg/kg every 4 - 6 hours. Maximum daily dosage should not exceed 75 mg.
• Elderly: Initially a third to half the adult dose. The physician should then use their clinical judgement to obtain control.

Intramuscular-

• Adults: 25 mg initially, then 25 - 50 mg every 3 - 4 hours until vomiting stops, then drug to be taken orally.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg 6 - 8 hourly. It is advised that maximum daily dosage should not exceed 40 mg. 6-12 Years: 0.5 mg/kg every 6 - 8 hours. It is advised that maximum daily dosage should not exceed 75 mg.

May be taken with or without food. May be taken with meals to reduce GI discomfort.

The following adverse effects have been reported for chlorpromazine or phenothiazines in
general.

• Cardiovascular: Postural hypotension, ECG Changes.
• Dermatological
• Contact dermatitis, photosensitivity, urticarial, maculopapular, petechial or oedematous reactions.
• Endocrine: Elevated prolactin levels, impaired thermoregulation, hyperglycaemia, other hypothalamic effects.
• Gastrointestinal: Dry mouth, constipation.
• Immunological: Raised ANA titre, positive SLE cells.
• Genitourinary: Urinary retention.
• Haematological: Leucopenia, agranulocytosis, eosinophilia, hemolytic anaemia, aplastic anaemia, thrombocytopenic purpura and pancytopenia have been reported.

Chlorpromazine should never be used in the following circumstances:

• Circulatory collapse.
• CNS depression, e.g. coma or drug intoxication.
• Previous history of a hypersensitivity reaction (e.g. jaundice or blood dyscrasia) to phenothiazines, especially chlorpromazine itself, or to any of the excipients contained in the tablets or injection.
• Bone marrow depression.
• Phaeochromocytoma.
• Hepatic failure or active hepatic disease.
• Chlorpromazine Injection contains sodium metabisulfite and sodium sulfite and may cause allergic-type reactions including anaphylactic symptoms and asthmatic episodes in susceptible people.

Chlorpromazine generally should not be used in epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, hypoparathyroidism, myasthenia gravis and prostatic hypertrophy.

Interactions resulting in decreased chlorpromazine levels: Food, alcohol and benztropine can reduce the absorption of chlorpromazine. Antacids can slow the absorption of chlorpromazine. Lithium and chronic administration of barbiturates can lead to increased clearance of chlorpromazine.

Interactions resulting in increased chlorpromazine levels: Tricyclic antidepressants decrease the clearance of chlorpromazine and may lead to increased serum levels. Administration of chlorpromazine with CYP1A2 inhibitors, in particular strong (such as ciprofloxacin and fluvoxamine) or moderate (such as oral contraceptives and vemurafenib) inhibitors leads to an increase in chlorpromazine plasma concentrations. Therefore, patients may experience any chlorpromazine dose-dependent adverse drug reaction.

Pregnancy category C. Studies in animals by oral route have shown reproductive toxicity (dose-related embryo fetotoxicity: increased resorptions and dead foetuses). Increased incidence of malformations was observed in mice but only at doses inducing maternal mortality. There is inadequate animal data regarding reproductive toxicity with chlorpromazine by parenteral route. In humans, the teratogenic risk of chlorpromazine has not been evaluated. Different prospective epidemiological studies conducted with other phenothiazines have yielded contradictory results regarding teratogenic risk. Chlorpromazine has been found to be excreted in breast milk in variable amounts, therefore it is not recommended for nursing mothers unless the expected benefits outweigh any potential risk.

Elderly: The elderly are relatively more susceptible to the adverse effects of chlorpromazine. The starting dose should be about half the usual adult dose and dosage increments should be gradual and reviewed regularly.

Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

Anti-emetic drugs, Phenothiazine drugs, Phenothiazine related drugs

Chlorpromazine is a neuroleptic that acts by blocking the postsynaptic dopamine receptor in the mesolimbic dopaminergic system and inhibits the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones. It has antiemetic, serotonin-blocking, and weak antihistaminic properties and slight ganglion-blocking activity.

Schizophrenia, Psychoses, Anxiety and Agitation

Oral-

• Adult: Initially 25 mg three times daily or 75 mg at bedtime increasing by daily amounts of 25 mg to an effective maintenance dose. This is usually in the range 75 to 300 mg daily, but some patients may require up to 1 g daily.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 4 - 6 hours to a maximum recommended dose of 40 mg daily. 6-12 Years: A third to half the adult dose, to a maximum recommended dose of 75 mg daily.
• Elderly: Start with a third to a half the usual adult dose with a more gradual increase in dosage.

Intramuscular-

• Adult: For acute relief of symptoms 25 - 50 mg every 6-8 hours.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 6 - 8 hours. Dosage is not advised to exceed 40 mg daily. 6-12 Years: 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 6-8 hours. Not to exceed 75 mg daily.
• Elderly: Doses in the lower range for adults should be sufficient to control symptoms, i.e. 25 mg, 8 hourly.

Intractable Hiccup (Adult)

• Oral: 25-50 mg three or four times daily.
• Intramuscular: 25-50 mg every 6-8 hours.
• Intravenous Infusion: If other routes of administration are inappropriate, give 25-50 mg in 500-1000 ml sodium chloride by slow intravenous infusion every 6-8 hours.

Nausea and Vomiting of Terminal Illness

Oral-

• Adults: 10-25 mg every 4-6 hours.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg every 4 - 6 hours. Maximum daily dosage should not exceed 40 mg. 6-12 Years: 0.5 mg/kg every 4 - 6 hours. Maximum daily dosage should not exceed 75 mg.
• Elderly: Initially a third to half the adult dose. The physician should then use their clinical judgement to obtain control.

Intramuscular-

• Adults: 25 mg initially, then 25 - 50 mg every 3 - 4 hours until vomiting stops, then drug to be taken orally.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg 6 - 8 hourly. It is advised that maximum daily dosage should not exceed 40 mg. 6-12 Years: 0.5 mg/kg every 6 - 8 hours. It is advised that maximum daily dosage should not exceed 75 mg.

May be taken with or without food. May be taken with meals to reduce GI discomfort.

The following adverse effects have been reported for chlorpromazine or phenothiazines in
general.

• Cardiovascular: Postural hypotension, ECG Changes.
• Dermatological
• Contact dermatitis, photosensitivity, urticarial, maculopapular, petechial or oedematous reactions.
• Endocrine: Elevated prolactin levels, impaired thermoregulation, hyperglycaemia, other hypothalamic effects.
• Gastrointestinal: Dry mouth, constipation.
• Immunological: Raised ANA titre, positive SLE cells.
• Genitourinary: Urinary retention.
• Haematological: Leucopenia, agranulocytosis, eosinophilia, hemolytic anaemia, aplastic anaemia, thrombocytopenic purpura and pancytopenia have been reported.

Chlorpromazine should never be used in the following circumstances:

• Circulatory collapse.
• CNS depression, e.g. coma or drug intoxication.
• Previous history of a hypersensitivity reaction (e.g. jaundice or blood dyscrasia) to phenothiazines, especially chlorpromazine itself, or to any of the excipients contained in the tablets or injection.
• Bone marrow depression.
• Phaeochromocytoma.
• Hepatic failure or active hepatic disease.
• Chlorpromazine Injection contains sodium metabisulfite and sodium sulfite and may cause allergic-type reactions including anaphylactic symptoms and asthmatic episodes in susceptible people.

Chlorpromazine generally should not be used in epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, hypoparathyroidism, myasthenia gravis and prostatic hypertrophy.

Interactions resulting in decreased chlorpromazine levels: Food, alcohol and benztropine can reduce the absorption of chlorpromazine. Antacids can slow the absorption of chlorpromazine. Lithium and chronic administration of barbiturates can lead to increased clearance of chlorpromazine.

Interactions resulting in increased chlorpromazine levels: Tricyclic antidepressants decrease the clearance of chlorpromazine and may lead to increased serum levels. Administration of chlorpromazine with CYP1A2 inhibitors, in particular strong (such as ciprofloxacin and fluvoxamine) or moderate (such as oral contraceptives and vemurafenib) inhibitors leads to an increase in chlorpromazine plasma concentrations. Therefore, patients may experience any chlorpromazine dose-dependent adverse drug reaction.

Pregnancy category C. Studies in animals by oral route have shown reproductive toxicity (dose-related embryo fetotoxicity: increased resorptions and dead foetuses). Increased incidence of malformations was observed in mice but only at doses inducing maternal mortality. There is inadequate animal data regarding reproductive toxicity with chlorpromazine by parenteral route. In humans, the teratogenic risk of chlorpromazine has not been evaluated. Different prospective epidemiological studies conducted with other phenothiazines have yielded contradictory results regarding teratogenic risk. Chlorpromazine has been found to be excreted in breast milk in variable amounts, therefore it is not recommended for nursing mothers unless the expected benefits outweigh any potential risk.

Elderly: The elderly are relatively more susceptible to the adverse effects of chlorpromazine. The starting dose should be about half the usual adult dose and dosage increments should be gradual and reviewed regularly.

Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

Anti-emetic drugs, Phenothiazine drugs, Phenothiazine related drugs

Chlorpromazine is a neuroleptic that acts by blocking the postsynaptic dopamine receptor in the mesolimbic dopaminergic system and inhibits the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones. It has antiemetic, serotonin-blocking, and weak antihistaminic properties and slight ganglion-blocking activity.

Schizophrenia, Psychoses, Anxiety and Agitation

Oral-

• Adult: Initially 25 mg three times daily or 75 mg at bedtime increasing by daily amounts of 25 mg to an effective maintenance dose. This is usually in the range 75 to 300 mg daily, but some patients may require up to 1 g daily.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 4 - 6 hours to a maximum recommended dose of 40 mg daily. 6-12 Years: A third to half the adult dose, to a maximum recommended dose of 75 mg daily.
• Elderly: Start with a third to a half the usual adult dose with a more gradual increase in dosage.

Intramuscular-

• Adult: For acute relief of symptoms 25 - 50 mg every 6-8 hours.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 6 - 8 hours. Dosage is not advised to exceed 40 mg daily. 6-12 Years: 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 6-8 hours. Not to exceed 75 mg daily.
• Elderly: Doses in the lower range for adults should be sufficient to control symptoms, i.e. 25 mg, 8 hourly.

Intractable Hiccup (Adult)

• Oral: 25-50 mg three or four times daily.
• Intramuscular: 25-50 mg every 6-8 hours.
• Intravenous Infusion: If other routes of administration are inappropriate, give 25-50 mg in 500-1000 ml sodium chloride by slow intravenous infusion every 6-8 hours.

Nausea and Vomiting of Terminal Illness

Oral-

• Adults: 10-25 mg every 4-6 hours.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg every 4 - 6 hours. Maximum daily dosage should not exceed 40 mg. 6-12 Years: 0.5 mg/kg every 4 - 6 hours. Maximum daily dosage should not exceed 75 mg.
• Elderly: Initially a third to half the adult dose. The physician should then use their clinical judgement to obtain control.

Intramuscular-

• Adults: 25 mg initially, then 25 - 50 mg every 3 - 4 hours until vomiting stops, then drug to be taken orally.
• Children: Under 1 Year: Do not use unless need is life saving. 1-5 Years: 0.5 mg/kg 6 - 8 hourly. It is advised that maximum daily dosage should not exceed 40 mg. 6-12 Years: 0.5 mg/kg every 6 - 8 hours. It is advised that maximum daily dosage should not exceed 75 mg.

May be taken with or without food. May be taken with meals to reduce GI discomfort.

The following adverse effects have been reported for chlorpromazine or phenothiazines in
general.

• Cardiovascular: Postural hypotension, ECG Changes.
• Dermatological
• Contact dermatitis, photosensitivity, urticarial, maculopapular, petechial or oedematous reactions.
• Endocrine: Elevated prolactin levels, impaired thermoregulation, hyperglycaemia, other hypothalamic effects.
• Gastrointestinal: Dry mouth, constipation.
• Immunological: Raised ANA titre, positive SLE cells.
• Genitourinary: Urinary retention.
• Haematological: Leucopenia, agranulocytosis, eosinophilia, hemolytic anaemia, aplastic anaemia, thrombocytopenic purpura and pancytopenia have been reported.

Chlorpromazine should never be used in the following circumstances:

• Circulatory collapse.
• CNS depression, e.g. coma or drug intoxication.
• Previous history of a hypersensitivity reaction (e.g. jaundice or blood dyscrasia) to phenothiazines, especially chlorpromazine itself, or to any of the excipients contained in the tablets or injection.
• Bone marrow depression.
• Phaeochromocytoma.
• Hepatic failure or active hepatic disease.
• Chlorpromazine Injection contains sodium metabisulfite and sodium sulfite and may cause allergic-type reactions including anaphylactic symptoms and asthmatic episodes in susceptible people.

Chlorpromazine generally should not be used in epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, hypoparathyroidism, myasthenia gravis and prostatic hypertrophy.

Interactions resulting in decreased chlorpromazine levels: Food, alcohol and benztropine can reduce the absorption of chlorpromazine. Antacids can slow the absorption of chlorpromazine. Lithium and chronic administration of barbiturates can lead to increased clearance of chlorpromazine.

Interactions resulting in increased chlorpromazine levels: Tricyclic antidepressants decrease the clearance of chlorpromazine and may lead to increased serum levels. Administration of chlorpromazine with CYP1A2 inhibitors, in particular strong (such as ciprofloxacin and fluvoxamine) or moderate (such as oral contraceptives and vemurafenib) inhibitors leads to an increase in chlorpromazine plasma concentrations. Therefore, patients may experience any chlorpromazine dose-dependent adverse drug reaction.

Pregnancy category C. Studies in animals by oral route have shown reproductive toxicity (dose-related embryo fetotoxicity: increased resorptions and dead foetuses). Increased incidence of malformations was observed in mice but only at doses inducing maternal mortality. There is inadequate animal data regarding reproductive toxicity with chlorpromazine by parenteral route. In humans, the teratogenic risk of chlorpromazine has not been evaluated. Different prospective epidemiological studies conducted with other phenothiazines have yielded contradictory results regarding teratogenic risk. Chlorpromazine has been found to be excreted in breast milk in variable amounts, therefore it is not recommended for nursing mothers unless the expected benefits outweigh any potential risk.

Elderly: The elderly are relatively more susceptible to the adverse effects of chlorpromazine. The starting dose should be about half the usual adult dose and dosage increments should be gradual and reviewed regularly.

Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

Chloramphenicol is indicated for the treatment of ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible organisms. Such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E.coli, H. influenzae, Klebsiella/Enterobacter spp, Moraxella lacunata, and Neisseria species.

Ear Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Eye Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Macrolides

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic which acts through the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the transfer of activated amino acids from soluble RNA to ribosomes.

Adult and Children: Instill 1 or 2 drops in the conjunctival sac 4-6 times per day for the first 72 hours and then every 4 hours thereafter. Treatment should be continued for approximately 7 days, but should not be continued for more than 3 weeks without re-evaluation by the physician.

The systemic adverse reaction has not been observed within short-term topical use of Chloramphenicol. The most frequently reported adverse reactions have been burning, stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, blood dyscrasia, allergic or inflammatory reactions, vesicular and maculopapular dermatitis.

It is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol or any ingredients of the preparation.

Chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated course and prolonged treatment should be avoided. Blood dyscrasias (granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and moderate anaemia) may occur after prolonged ophthalmic use.

Chymotrypsin may be inhibited if given simultaneously with Chloramphenicol.

Safety for use in pregnancy and lactation has not been established. Therefore, use only when considered essential by the physicians.

Accidental ingestion of the medicine is unlikely to cause any toxicity due to low content of antibiotic.

Store in a cool (between 2°C-8°C) and dry place, protect from light, keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to the surface since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of the first opening.

Chloramphenicol is indicated for the treatment of ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible organisms. Such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E.coli, H. influenzae, Klebsiella/Enterobacter spp, Moraxella lacunata, and Neisseria species.

Ear Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Eye Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Macrolides

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic which acts through the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the transfer of activated amino acids from soluble RNA to ribosomes.

Adult and Children: Instill 1 or 2 drops in the conjunctival sac 4-6 times per day for the first 72 hours and then every 4 hours thereafter. Treatment should be continued for approximately 7 days, but should not be continued for more than 3 weeks without re-evaluation by the physician.

The systemic adverse reaction has not been observed within short-term topical use of Chloramphenicol. The most frequently reported adverse reactions have been burning, stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, blood dyscrasia, allergic or inflammatory reactions, vesicular and maculopapular dermatitis.

It is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol or any ingredients of the preparation.

Chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated course and prolonged treatment should be avoided. Blood dyscrasias (granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and moderate anaemia) may occur after prolonged ophthalmic use.

Chymotrypsin may be inhibited if given simultaneously with Chloramphenicol.

Safety for use in pregnancy and lactation has not been established. Therefore, use only when considered essential by the physicians.

Accidental ingestion of the medicine is unlikely to cause any toxicity due to low content of antibiotic.

Store in a cool (between 2°C-8°C) and dry place, protect from light, keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to the surface since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of the first opening.

Specific combined vitamin preparations

Vitamin-B complex contains the most important members of the vitamin B group in pure form and in therapeutically balanced proportions. The members of the vitamin B group contained in Vitamin-B complex are components of enzyme systems that regulate various stages of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, each of the components playing a specific biological role. Deficiency of B vitamin causes glossitis, stomatitis, cheilosis, polyneuritis, beriberi, pellagra and vascularisation of cornea.

Tablet/ capsule: usual recommended dose is 1-2 tablet/capsule 3 times daily or as directed by the physician.

Syrup: 2-3 teaspoonful daily or as directed by the physician.

Injection: It is for intramuscular and intravenous administration. Usual recommended dose is 2 ml daily or as directed by the physician. In addition with Thiamine, Riboflavin, Nicotinamide, Pyridoxine; injectable dosage from contains D-Panthenol 5 mg.

Adverse reactions have been reported with specific vitamins and minerals, but generally at levels substantially higher than those in Vitamin-B complex. However, allergic and idiosyncratic reactions are possible at lower levels. Iron, even at the usual recommended level has been associated with gastrointestinal intolerance in some patients.

Vitamin-B complex is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to any of its components.

As little as 5 mg pyridoxine daily can decrease the efficacy of levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. Therefore, Vitamin-B complex is not recommended for patients undergoing such therapy

It is safe to use Vitamin-B complex in pregnancy and lactation.

Specific combined vitamin preparations

Vitamin-B complex contains the most important members of the vitamin B group in pure form and in therapeutically balanced proportions. The members of the vitamin B group contained in Vitamin-B complex are components of enzyme systems that regulate various stages of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, each of the components playing a specific biological role. Deficiency of B vitamin causes glossitis, stomatitis, cheilosis, polyneuritis, beriberi, pellagra and vascularisation of cornea.

Tablet/ capsule: usual recommended dose is 1-2 tablet/capsule 3 times daily or as directed by the physician.

Syrup: 2-3 teaspoonful daily or as directed by the physician.

Injection: It is for intramuscular and intravenous administration. Usual recommended dose is 2 ml daily or as directed by the physician. In addition with Thiamine, Riboflavin, Nicotinamide, Pyridoxine; injectable dosage from contains D-Panthenol 5 mg.

Adverse reactions have been reported with specific vitamins and minerals, but generally at levels substantially higher than those in Vitamin-B complex. However, allergic and idiosyncratic reactions are possible at lower levels. Iron, even at the usual recommended level has been associated with gastrointestinal intolerance in some patients.

Vitamin-B complex is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to any of its components.

As little as 5 mg pyridoxine daily can decrease the efficacy of levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. Therefore, Vitamin-B complex is not recommended for patients undergoing such therapy

It is safe to use Vitamin-B complex in pregnancy and lactation.

Specific combined vitamin preparations

Vitamin-B complex contains the most important members of the vitamin B group in pure form and in therapeutically balanced proportions. The members of the vitamin B group contained in Vitamin-B complex are components of enzyme systems that regulate various stages of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, each of the components playing a specific biological role. Deficiency of B vitamin causes glossitis, stomatitis, cheilosis, polyneuritis, beriberi, pellagra and vascularisation of cornea.

Tablet/ capsule: usual recommended dose is 1-2 tablet/capsule 3 times daily or as directed by the physician.

Syrup: 2-3 teaspoonful daily or as directed by the physician.

Injection: It is for intramuscular and intravenous administration. Usual recommended dose is 2 ml daily or as directed by the physician. In addition with Thiamine, Riboflavin, Nicotinamide, Pyridoxine; injectable dosage from contains D-Panthenol 5 mg.

Adverse reactions have been reported with specific vitamins and minerals, but generally at levels substantially higher than those in Vitamin-B complex. However, allergic and idiosyncratic reactions are possible at lower levels. Iron, even at the usual recommended level has been associated with gastrointestinal intolerance in some patients.

Vitamin-B complex is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to any of its components.

As little as 5 mg pyridoxine daily can decrease the efficacy of levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. Therefore, Vitamin-B complex is not recommended for patients undergoing such therapy

It is safe to use Vitamin-B complex in pregnancy and lactation.

Specific combined vitamin preparations

Vitamin B-Complex and Vitamin C function as cofactors of various enzymes which regulate carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Thiamine (B.,) acts as a cofactor in the decarboxylation of keto acids such as pyruvic acid.

Riboflavin (B2) plays a vital role in cellular respiratory reactions in conjunction with nicotinamide.

Pyridoxine (B6) takes part in decarboxylation and interconversion of amino acids. It is also required for normal antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immune responses.

Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) is required for synthesis of DNA (deoxyribo-nucleic acid) and maturation of RBCs (red blood cells). Nicotinamide (niacinamide) plays a vital role in cellular respiration in conjunction with riboflavin.

Calcium Pantothenate functions as a cofactor for enzymes involved in transfer of acetyl groups. It is also required for normal antibody response in conjunction with pyridoxine.

Folic acid, after conversion in the body to folinic acid, takes part in reactions involved in the synthesis of nucleotides and maturation of RBCs in conjunction with vitamin B12. It also plays an important role in lymphocyte-mediated immune response.

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) takes part in biochemical reactions involving oxidation, as in collagen synthesis, and in conversion of folic acid to folinic acid. It is also necessary for normal phagocytic function ofWBCs (white blood cells).

Thus an adequate supply of these water-soluble vitamins is required for the optimum function of various cells and tissues.Except for Vitamin B12, these water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body to any significant extent, the excess quantities being excreted in the urine. Therefore, a regular and adequate intake of them is necessary to meet the metabolic requirements. Deficiencies of water-soluble vitamins often co-exist because of their overlapping dietary sources and metabolic interdependence. Initially the deficiency of these vitamins may be subclinical and demonstrable only by means of biochemical tests. If not corrected at this stage, it may become manifest as various symptoms, including impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infection. Classical deficiency diseases such as beri beri, pellagra and scurvy are rare, whereas mild and subclinical deficiencies are probably more common, even among apparently healthy individuals.

One capsule daily or as advised by the physician.

Hypersensitivity reactions have been reported with thiamine and folic acid, although these are rare.

Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of this preparation

The use of this capsule in patients with deficiency or increased requirement of Vitamin B-complex and Vitamin C should be accompanied by specific therapy for the primary illness.

Treatment with this capsule should be continued only until the deficiency is corrected or the need for supplementation exists. Pyridoxine in this capsule may reduce the therapeutic effects of levodopa in Parkinson’s disease.

Riboflavin in this capsule may color the urine yellow. During treatment with this capsule the urine may give a false positive result for sugar by Benedict's test because of the presence of ascorbic acid. Therefore, a test not affected by ascorbic acid should be used.

No data found

Store in a cool and dry place, away from light and children.

Multi-vitamin & Multi-mineral combined preparations, Specific mineral & vitamin combined preparations

Vitamins and minerals are essential for normal metabolic functions including hematopoiesis. The members of vitamin B-group are components of enzyme system that regulate various stages of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, each of the components playing a specific biological role. Vitamin C is involved in tissue repair and collagen formation. Vitamin A plays an essential role in the function of retina and is essential for growth and differentiation of epithelial tissue. Vitamin E is an antioxidant which preserves essential cellular constituents. Vitamin D is supplemented for prevention and cure of nutritional and metabolic rickets and for treatment of hypoparathyroidism. Iron, Copper, Manganese, Zinc serve as catalysts in enzyme systems which perform vital cellular functions.

Orally one tablet daily for adult and children over 5 years of age or as directed by the physicians.

Side effects have been reported with specific vitamins & minerals, but at level substantially higher than those in this tablet. Iron has been associated with gastrointestinal intolerance in some patients.

This is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to any of its components. This is not intended for treatment of severe specific deficiencies of vitamins or minerals. It is not recommended for patients undergoing treatment with levodopa as pyridoxine decreases the efficacy of levodopa. During the first trimester of pregnancy, larger doses of vitamin A (more than 10 tablets per day) may be teratogenic.

Not intended for treatment of pernicious anemia or other megaloblastic anemia where vitamin B12 is deficient.

During the first trimester of pregnancy, recommended daily dose should not be exceeded. Because larger doses of Vitamin-A (multiple tablets per day) may be teratogenic.

Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

This is indicated for the treatment and prevention of zinc and vitamin B deficiencies.

Specific mineral & vitamin combined preparations

Zinc is vital for many biological functions such as immunity enhancement, wound healing, digestion, reproduction, physical growth and mental development. Zinc supports normal growth and development during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence. Zinc also has some antioxidant properties. Zinc is used to treat ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyper-activity Disorder) in children. In adult, due to zinc deficiency loss of appetite, poor sense of taste and smell, tendency towards depression, white marks on fingernails, frequent infections, low fertility, prostate problems, mental problems, poor wound healing, a poor immune system, diarrhoea, mental lethargy, rough skin and weight loss may occur.

B-Vitamins are needed to release energy from food. They play an important role in ensuring healthy brain and nerve function, healthy red blood cells formation in children & adults. They are specially needed for healthy growth and development of children. B-Vitamin deficiencies in adult cause profound fatigue and various types of neurologic manifestations, which may include weakness, poor balance, confusion, irritability, memory loss, nervousness, tingling of the limbs and loss of coordination. Additional symptoms of vitamin B deficiency are sleep disturbances, nausea, poor appetite, frequent infections, and skin lesions.

Syrup-

• Adults: 10 ml (2 teaspoonful) 2 to 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.
• Children: 10 ml (2 teaspoonful) 1 to 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.
• Infants: 5 ml (1 teaspoonful) 1 to 2 times daily or as recommended by the physician.

Tablet-

• Adults & Children over 30 kg: 1 to 2 tablets 2 to 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.

This is generally well tolerated. However, a few side effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea & stomach upset may occur. Side effects have been reported with specific vitamins but generally at levels substantially higher than recommended doses.

Vitamin B Complex & Zinc is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of this product.

In acute renal failure, zinc accumulation may occur, so dosage adjustment is needed. This is not intended for the treatment of severe specific deficiencies.

Concomitant intake of tetracyclines and zinc may decrease the Gl absorption and serum levels of tetracyclines. Similarly concomitant administration of zinc and fluroquinolones may decrease the Gl absorption and serum  levels of some fluroquinolones. Coadministration of Niacin and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (eg. lovastatin) may result mayopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Pyridoxine reduces levodopa's effectiveness by increasing its peripheral metabolism. Co-administration of pyridoxine with phenytoin may decrease serum levels of phenytoin.

This is recommended in pregnancy and lactation.

In case of overdosage, initially epigastric pain, diarrhoea and vomiting can occur. In that case, one should seek emergency medical attention. Initially, an emetic should be given and then gastric lavage and general supportive measures should be employed.

Store in a cool & dry place, protected from light. Keep all medicines out of reach of children.

This is indicated for the treatment and prevention of zinc and vitamin B deficiencies.

Specific mineral & vitamin combined preparations

Zinc is vital for many biological functions such as immunity enhancement, wound healing, digestion, reproduction, physical growth and mental development. Zinc supports normal growth and development during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence. Zinc also has some antioxidant properties. Zinc is used to treat ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyper-activity Disorder) in children. In adult, due to zinc deficiency loss of appetite, poor sense of taste and smell, tendency towards depression, white marks on fingernails, frequent infections, low fertility, prostate problems, mental problems, poor wound healing, a poor immune system, diarrhoea, mental lethargy, rough skin and weight loss may occur.

B-Vitamins are needed to release energy from food. They play an important role in ensuring healthy brain and nerve function, healthy red blood cells formation in children & adults. They are specially needed for healthy growth and development of children. B-Vitamin deficiencies in adult cause profound fatigue and various types of neurologic manifestations, which may include weakness, poor balance, confusion, irritability, memory loss, nervousness, tingling of the limbs and loss of coordination. Additional symptoms of vitamin B deficiency are sleep disturbances, nausea, poor appetite, frequent infections, and skin lesions.

Syrup-

• Adults: 10 ml (2 teaspoonful) 2 to 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.
• Children: 10 ml (2 teaspoonful) 1 to 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.
• Infants: 5 ml (1 teaspoonful) 1 to 2 times daily or as recommended by the physician.

Tablet-

• Adults & Children over 30 kg: 1 to 2 tablets 2 to 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.

This is generally well tolerated. However, a few side effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea & stomach upset may occur. Side effects have been reported with specific vitamins but generally at levels substantially higher than recommended doses.

Vitamin B Complex & Zinc is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of this product.

In acute renal failure, zinc accumulation may occur, so dosage adjustment is needed. This is not intended for the treatment of severe specific deficiencies.

Concomitant intake of tetracyclines and zinc may decrease the Gl absorption and serum levels of tetracyclines. Similarly concomitant administration of zinc and fluroquinolones may decrease the Gl absorption and serum  levels of some fluroquinolones. Coadministration of Niacin and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (eg. lovastatin) may result mayopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Pyridoxine reduces levodopa's effectiveness by increasing its peripheral metabolism. Co-administration of pyridoxine with phenytoin may decrease serum levels of phenytoin.

This is recommended in pregnancy and lactation.

In case of overdosage, initially epigastric pain, diarrhoea and vomiting can occur. In that case, one should seek emergency medical attention. Initially, an emetic should be given and then gastric lavage and general supportive measures should be employed.

Store in a cool & dry place, protected from light. Keep all medicines out of reach of children.

This syrup is indicated for the treatment and prevention of Iron, Vitamin B complex and Zinc deficiencies, specially during pregnancy and lactation.

Iron & Vitamin Combined preparations

This syrup is the preparation of Iron, Vitamin B complex and Zinc. In this preparation, Iron is present as Iron (III) Hydroxide Polymaltose Complex. Iron (III) Hydroxide Polymaltose Complex facilitates a controlled absorption of the iron when it comes in contact with the mucosal cell surface. Due to non-ionic nature, this Iron (III) Hydroxide Polymaltose Complex is more stable than conventional Iron form.

Adults: 5 ml-10 ml (1-2 teaspoonful) 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.

Children: 5 ml (1 teaspoonful) 3 times daily or as recommended by the physician.

Infants: 0.33 ml/kg body weight daily or as recommended by the physician.

This syrup is generally well tolerated. However, a few side effects of oral Iron preparations, including nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhoea may occur.

It is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of this product.

Caution should be taken in the conditions where there is a risk of Iron overload, such as hemochromatosis, thalassemia, hemosiderosis or hemolytic anemia.

Since Iron is complex bound, ionic interaction with foodstuff components (phytates, oxalates, tannin etc.) and concomitant administrations of medicaments (tetracyclines, antacids) are unlikely to occur.

Recommended in pregnancy & lactation

Recommended in children

In case of overdose, epigastric pain, diarrhoea, vomiting, metabolic acidosis and convulsion may occur. Should seek emergency medical attention in case of overdose. Initially an emetic should be given and then gastric lavage & general supportive measures should be employed.

Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.

Chloramphenicol is indicated for the treatment of ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible organisms. Such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E.coli, H. influenzae, Klebsiella/Enterobacter spp, Moraxella lacunata, and Neisseria species.

Ear Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Eye Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Macrolides

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic which acts through the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the transfer of activated amino acids from soluble RNA to ribosomes.

Adult and Children: Instill 1 or 2 drops in the conjunctival sac 4-6 times per day for the first 72 hours and then every 4 hours thereafter. Treatment should be continued for approximately 7 days, but should not be continued for more than 3 weeks without re-evaluation by the physician.

The systemic adverse reaction has not been observed within short-term topical use of Chloramphenicol. The most frequently reported adverse reactions have been burning, stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, blood dyscrasia, allergic or inflammatory reactions, vesicular and maculopapular dermatitis.

It is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol or any ingredients of the preparation.

Chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated course and prolonged treatment should be avoided. Blood dyscrasias (granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and moderate anaemia) may occur after prolonged ophthalmic use.

Chymotrypsin may be inhibited if given simultaneously with Chloramphenicol.

Safety for use in pregnancy and lactation has not been established. Therefore, use only when considered essential by the physicians.

Accidental ingestion of the medicine is unlikely to cause any toxicity due to low content of antibiotic.

Store in a cool (between 2°C-8°C) and dry place, protect from light, keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to the surface since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of the first opening.

Pilocarpine is indicated for chronic open angle glaucoma, acute or chronic narrow angle glaucoma, suspected glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Drugs affecting exocrine secretions

Pilocarpine Hydrochloride directly stimulates cholinergic receptors. It produces contraction of the iris sphincter muscle, resulting in pupillary constriction (miosis); constriction of the ciliary muscle, resulting in increased accommodation; and reduction in intraocular pressure associated with an increase in the outflow and a decrease in the inflow of aqueous humor. In chronic open angle glaucoma, the exact mechanism by which miotics lower intraocular pressure is not exactly known; however, contraction of the ciliary muscle apparently opens the intertrabecular spaces and facilitates aqueous humor outflow. There is also a decrease in the rate of inflow of aqueous humor. In angle-closure glaucoma, constriction of the pupil apparently pulls the iris away from the trabeculum, thereby relieving blockage of the trabecular meshwork.

Instill 1 drop 2-4 times daily. To minimize systemic absorption of the active ingredient of the eye drops, pressure should be applied for one minute on the tear duct after application.

Common: Temporary blurred vision, burning, stinging, redness, watering of the eyes, decrease in night vision, eye irritation, headache.

Rare: Eye pain, increased sweating, muscle tremors, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, watering of the mouth, troubled breathing or wheezing.

Hypersensitivity to any ingredient including excipients. Conditions where pupillary constriction is undesirable (e.g. acute iritis). Retinal detachment; past history of retinal detachment or conditions that predispose to retinal detachment.

If blurred vision or changes in near or far sight occur, especially at night, patients should exercise caution when involved in night driving or hazardous work in poor light. It is recommended that intraocular pressure measurements be performed regularly during therapy.

Belladonna alkaloids or cyclopentolate used ophthalmically may interfere with the miotic effects of pilocarpine and may have their own mydriatic effects dampened. This latter may be used to therapeutic advantage.

Safe use during pregnancy has not been established. Problems in human pregnancy have not been documented. However, ophthalmic Pilocarpine is systemically absorbed.

Dilution with water and other fluids is the usual response to accidental or deliberate overdose.

Store at room temperature and protect from light. It is desirable that the contents should not be used more than 4 weeks after first opening of the bottle.

Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs

The sulfonamides are bacteriostatic agents and the spectrum of activity is similar for all. Sulfonamides inhibit bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by preventing the condensation of the pteridine with aminobenzoic acid through competitive inhibition of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. Resistant strains have altered dihydropteroate synthetase with reduced affinity for sulfonamides or produce increased quantities of aminobenzoic acid.

Topically applied sulfonamides are considered active against susceptible strains of the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.

Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.

For conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular infections: Instill one or two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two to three hours initially. Dosages may be tapered by increasing the time interval between doses as the condition responds. The usual duration of treatment is seven to ten days.

For trachoma: Instill two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two hours. Topical administration must be accompanied by systemic administration.

Bacterial and fungal corneal ulcers have developed during treatment with sulfonamide ophthalmic preparations. The most frequently reported reactions are local irritation, stinging and burning. Less commonly reported reactions include non-specific conjunctivitis, conjunctival hyperemia, secondary infections and allergic reactions.

Fatalities have occurred, although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and other blood dyscrasias

Sulfacetamide sodium ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in individuals who have a hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or to any ingredient of the preparation.

Prolonged use of topical anti-bacterial agents may give rise to overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. Bacterial resistance to sulfonamides may also develop.

The effectiveness of sulfonamides may be reduced by the para-aminobenzoic acid present in purulent exudates.

Sensitization may recur when a sulfonamide is readministered irrespective of the route of administration, and cross-sensitivity between different sulfonamides may occur.

At the first sign of hypersensitivity, increase in purulent discharge, or aggravation of inflammation or pain, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician

Sulfacetamide preparations are incompatible with silver preparations.

Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with sulfonamide ophthalmic preparations. Kernicterus may occur in the newborn as a result of treatment of a pregnant woman at term with orally administered sulfonamides. There are no adequate and well controlled studies of sulfonamide ophthalmic preparations in pregnant women and it is not known whether topically applied sulfonamides can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. This product should be used in pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Nursing mothers: Systemically administered sulfonamides are capable of producing kernicterus in infants of lactating women. Because of the potential for the development of kernicterus in neonates, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

Pediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in infants below the age of two months have not been established.

Store below 25° C.

Mast Cell Stabiliser, Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs

Sodium Cromoglycate 2% sterile Eye Drops inhibits the release of chemical mediators from sensitised mast cells and is capable of rapid phosphorylation of mast cell protein. The exact mechanism of action of the drug remains to be elucidated but Sodium Cromoglycate appears to modulate the allergic response to antigen antibody interactions in a way which prevents the subsequent formation or release of toxic or inflammatory mediators. Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops appears to act mainly through a local effect on the mucous of the eye. Approximately 0.03% of an ophthalmic dose of Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops is absorbed systemically. Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops prevent, release of mediators of type-I allergic reactions, including histamine and slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) from sensitised mast cells after the antigen antibody union has taken place. The drug does not inhibit the binding of IgE to mast cells nor the interaction between cell bound IgE and the specific antigen; instead Sodium Cromoglycate suppresses the release of substances (e.g. histamine, SRS-A) in response to this reaction. The drug also inhibits Type-III (late allergic, Arthus) reactions.

The usual dosage of Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops in adults and children over 4 years of age or older is 1 or 2 drops in each eye 4-6 times daily at regular intervals. The recommended frequency of administration should not be exceeded. Patients should be advised that the therapeutic effects of Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops depend on administration of the drug at regular intervals.

The most frequent adverse effect reported with use of Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops is transient ocular stinging or burning upon instillation of the drug.

Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops is contraindicated in individuals who have shown hypersensitivity to the drug or any of the ingredients.

Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops contains benzalkonium chloride and patients should be advised not to wear soft contact lenses during treatment with Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops.

Sodium Cromoglycate has no known drug interactions.

In animal studies, Sodium Cromoglycate has produced adverse effects on the foetus only in high parenteral doses. There was no evidence of impaired fertility in reproduction studies in animals. Healthy infants have been born to women who received Sodium Cromoglycate throughout pregnancy; nevertheless, there is insufficient evidence to establish the safety in pregnancy. It should be used during pregnancy only when clearly needed. Since it is not known if Sodium Cromoglycate is distributed into milk in humans, the drug should be used with caution in nursing women.

Overdose is unlikely. In the event of accidental ingestion, symptomatic treatment is recommended.

Sodium Cromoglycate 2% Eye Drops should be protected from direct sunlight and stored at a temperature less than 30˚C; any unused ophthalmic solution should be discarded 4 weeks after opening the cap of the bottle.

Ophthalmic steroid - antibiotic combined preparations

Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid. It has an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic action. It is used topically in the treatment of inflammatory conditions of the anterior segment of the eye. Dexamethasone is absorbed rapidly after oral administration with a half-life of about 190 minutes. Sufficient absorption may occur after topical application to the skin and eye to produce systemic effects.

Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic active against a wide variety of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Chloramphenicol exerts its antibacterial effect by binding to bacterial ribosomes and inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis at an early stage

Eye:

• Bacterial Conjunctivitis: The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis is 1 to 2 drops instilled into the conjunctival sac (s) every 2 hours for 2 days and 1 or 2 drops every 4 hours for the next 5(five days) while awake.
• Corneal Ulcers: The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of comeal ulcer is 2 drops in the affected eye (s) every 15 minutes for the first 6 hours then 2 drops into the affected eye(s) every 30 minutes for the remainder of first day. On the second day, instill 2 drops in the affected eye (s) hourly. On the 3 to 14 days, place 2 drops in the affected eye (s) every 4 hours. Treatment may be continued after 14 days if corneal re-epithelialization has not occurred.

Ear: For all infections, 2 to 3 drops every 2 to 3 hours initially. Frequency should be decreased gradually as warranted by improvement in clinical signs. Care should be taken not to discontinue therapy prematurely.

Adverse reactions seen with Chloramphenicol are transient ocular burning or discomfort and other reported reactions include stinging, redness, itching, conjunctivitis, foreign body sensation, photophobia, blurred vision, dryness and eye pain. Allergic sensitization may occur with the local use of Chloramphenicol. Elevation of intraocular pressure with possible development of glaucoma, infrequent optic nerve damage and posterior subcapsular cataract formation.

The combination is contraindicated in epithelial herpes simplex cornealis, fungal, viral, tuberculous and other infections of the eye and in glaucoma. Myelosuppression during previous exposure to Chloramphenicol. Hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol & Dexamethasone Phosphate or to any other ingredients of the preparations.

The possibility of persistent fungal infections of the cornea should be considered after prolonged corticosteroid dosing. Prolonged use of steroids containing products may result in posterior subcapsular cataract formation and glaucoma with optic nerve damage. Intraocular pressure monitoring is needed. Prolonged use of antibiotics may result in the overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, including fungi. If new infections appear during treatment, the drug should be discontinued and alternative therapy should be instituted.

If Chloramphenicol is absorbed from eye when taking anticoagulants e.g. warfarin, there may be an increase in the effect of this medicine. Action of Chloramphenicol will be inhibited if given simultaneously with Phenobarbital. The therapeutic efficacy of Dexamethasone may be reduced with the concomitant administration of phenytoin, phenobarbitone, ephedrine and rifampicin.

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Caution should be exercised when Chloramphenicol and Dexamethasone ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.

Keep in a cool and dry place, away from light & keep out of the reach of children. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.

Olopatadine is indicated for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.

Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs

Olopatadine is an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H1‐antagonist that inhibits the in vivo and in vitro type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Olopatadine is devoid of effects on alpha adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Following topical ocular administration in human, olopatadine was shown to have low systemic exposure.

0.1% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye two times per day at an interval of 6 to 8 hours.

0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.

0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.

Headaches have been reported at an incidence of 7%. The following adverse experiences have been reported in less than 5% of patients: Asthenia, blurred vision, burning or stinging, cold syndrome, dry eye, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, hypersensitivity, keratitis, lid edema, nausea, pharyngitis, pruritus, rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion

Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in persons with a known hypersensitivity to Olopatadine Hydrochloride.

Olopatadine HCl ophthalmic solution should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation. Patients who wear soft contact lenses should be instructed to wait at least ten minutes after instilling Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution before they insert their contact lenses.

May result in additive CNS depression with CNS depressants.

There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal studies are not always predictive of human responses, this drug should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.

Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed betweents.

Symptoms: Drowsiness in adults and, initially, agitation and restlessness, followed by drowsiness in childn.

Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.

Store below 30° C in a cool and dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to surfaces since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.

Olopatadine is indicated for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.

Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs

Olopatadine is an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H1‐antagonist that inhibits the in vivo and in vitro type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Olopatadine is devoid of effects on alpha adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Following topical ocular administration in human, olopatadine was shown to have low systemic exposure.

0.1% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye two times per day at an interval of 6 to 8 hours.

0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.

0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.

Headaches have been reported at an incidence of 7%. The following adverse experiences have been reported in less than 5% of patients: Asthenia, blurred vision, burning or stinging, cold syndrome, dry eye, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, hypersensitivity, keratitis, lid edema, nausea, pharyngitis, pruritus, rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion

Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in persons with a known hypersensitivity to Olopatadine Hydrochloride.

Olopatadine HCl ophthalmic solution should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation. Patients who wear soft contact lenses should be instructed to wait at least ten minutes after instilling Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution before they insert their contact lenses.

May result in additive CNS depression with CNS depressants.

There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal studies are not always predictive of human responses, this drug should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.

Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed betweents.

Symptoms: Drowsiness in adults and, initially, agitation and restlessness, followed by drowsiness in childn.

Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.

Store below 30° C in a cool and dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to surfaces since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.