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    Oclube

    Polyethylene Glycol + Propylene Glycol
    Ophthalmic Solution 0.4%+0.3% Allopathic Drugs for Dry eyes

    Indications

    Dry eye

    Indication detailsView
    This sterile eye drops is indicated for the temporary relief of burning and irritation due to dryness of the eye.
    Therapeutic classView
    Drugs for Dry eyes
    PharmacologyView
    The combination of Polyethylene Glycol 400 & Propylene Glycol is clinically proven to reduce both signs and symptoms of dry eye. The mechanism of action is thought to be due to its unique gelling and lubricating system formulated to adjust to each users individual tear pH. When the ingredients of this eye drops combine with natural tears, a soft gel forms a network of protection over the eye surface. Since it promotes a healthy environment in eye surfaces, damaged surface cells of eye can repair more easily.
    DosageView
    Instill 1 drop 4 times daily in the affected eye(s) or as needed.
    Side effectsView
    Generally well tolerated. This sterile eye drops should not be used if allergic condition occurs to any ingredients of the product.
    ContraindicationsView
    It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any ingredient in this formulation.
    PrecautionsView
    Never touch the tip of the container with any surface to avoid contamination. Replace cap after each use.
    StorageView
    Store in a cool & dry place, protect from light. Do not use longer than one month after the first opening. Keep out of the reach of children

    Ocluma B

    Brinzolamide + Brimonidine Tartrate
    Ophthalmic Suspension 1%+0.2% Allopathic Drugs for miotics and glaucoma

    Indications

    Open angle glaucoma

    Indication detailsView
    This is indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
    Therapeutic classView
    Drugs for miotics and glaucoma
    PharmacologyView
    Brinzolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor which reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) by decreasing aqueous humor secretion in the ciliary processes of the eye.

    Brimonidine Tartrate is an alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist which reduces IOP by decreasing aqueous humor production and increasing uveoscleral outflow.
    DosageView
    Instill one drop in the affected eye(s) three times daily. If more than one topical ophthalmic drug is being used, the drugs should be administered at least five minutes apart. Shake well before use.
    Side effectsView
    The most commonly reported side effects include blurred vision, eye irritation, bad taste and dry mouth.
    ContraindicationsView
    It is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitivity to Brinzolamide, Brimonidine Tartrate, or to any ingredient in the formulation and Neonates and Infants (under the age of 2 years).
    PrecautionsView
    Shake well before use. For ophthalmic use only. Contact lenses should be removed during instillation of Brinzolamide and Brimonidine Tartrate ophthalmic suspension, but may be reinserted 15 minutes after instillation.
    InteractionsView
    In patients treated with this drop rare instances to drug interactions have occurred with high-dose salicylate therapy, CNS Depressants, Antihypertensives/ Cardiac Glycosides, Tricyclic Antidepressants, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Therefore, the potential for such drug interactions should be considered in patients receiving Brinzolamide + Brimonidine Tartrate .
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Pregnancy category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Brinzolamide and Brimonidine Tartrate ophthalmic suspension should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

    It is not known whether Brinzolamide or Brimonidine Tartrate are excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised while giving this ophthalmic suspension to a nursing mother.
    Pediatric usageView
    Use in children: Safety & effectiveness in children below the age of 2 years have not been established.

    Use in elderly patients: No overall differences in safety and effectiveness have been observed between elderly and other adult patients.
    Overdose effectsView
    Although no human data are available, electrolyte imbalance, development of an acidotic state, and possible nervous system effects may occur following an oral overdose of Brinzolamide. Serum electrolyte levels (particularly potassium) and blood pH levels should be monitored. Very limited information exists on accidental ingestion of Brimonidine Tartrate in adults; the only adverse event reported to date has been hypotension. Symptoms of Brimonidine Tartrate overdose have been reported in neonates, infants, and children receiving Brimonidine Tartrate as part of medical treatment of congenital glaucoma or by accidental oral ingestion. Treatment of an oral overdose includes supportive and symptomatic therapy; a patent airway should be maintained.
    StorageView
    Store at room temperature & protect from light. Do not touch dropper tip to any surface. It is desirable that the contents should not be used more than one month after first opening of the bottle. Shake well before use & do not freeze.

    Ocof

    Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Triprolidine
    Syrup (20 mg+10 mg+2.5 mg)/5 ml Allopathic Combined cough suppressants

    Indications

    Sneezing

    Indication detailsView
    Temporarily relieves these symptoms due to common cold, hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or other upper respiratory allergies:
    • cough due to minor throat or bronchial irritation
    • runny nose
    • sneezing
    • itching of the nose or throat
    • itchy, watery eyes
    • nasal congestion
    • reduces swelling of nasal passages
    Therapeutic classView
    Combined cough suppressants
    PharmacologyView
    This preparation is a mixture of antitussive, decongestant and antihistamine agent. Dextromethorphan is a safe, effective, non-narcotic antitussive agent which has a central action on the cough centre in the medulla. Although structurally related to Morphine, it has no analgesic and habit forming properties and in general it has little sedative activity. Phenylephrine is a decongestant that shrinks blood vessels in the nasal passage. It is used to treat nasal and sinus congestion of the tubes that drain fluid from inner ear. Triprolidine provides symptomatic relief in conditions believed to depend wholly or partly upon the triggered release of histamine. It is a potent competitive histamine H1-receptor antagonist of the pyrrolidine class with mild central nervous system depressant properties which may cause drowsiness.
    DosageView
    Adults & Children 12 years of age and older: 1 teaspoonful (5 ml) every 4 hours, or as directed by a doctor.

    Children 6 to under 12 years of age    : ½ teaspoonful (2.5 ml) every 4 hours, or as directed by a doctor.

    Children below 2 years old    : Not to be used in children below 2 years old. To be used with caution, and as advised by the physician for children age 2 to 6 years.
    AdministrationView
    Take with or without food. Take with food if it causes an upset stomach. Measure liquid doses carefully. Use the measuring device that comes with this medicine.
    Side effectsView
    It may cause drowsiness, dottiness and constipation. Other side effects that may occur include GIT discomfort. No apparent evidence of physical dependence of the morphine type. Other less common side effects may include transient hypertension, dry mouth, restlessness, palpitations, allergic reactions such as rashes, tightness of chest, thickening of bronchial secretions, toxic psychosis and blood dyscrasia.
    ContraindicationsView
    It should be avoided in patients with liver disease or asthmatic patients and is contraindicated in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors or within 2 weeks from stopping such treatment, known hypersensitivity to phenylephrine hydrochloride, dextromethorphan hydrobromide and during acute attacks of asthma. It is contraindicated in patients with severe hypertension or severe coronary artery disease.
    PrecautionsView
    This preparation may cause drowsiness. If affected, do not drive motor vehicle or operate machinery. Avoid alcoholic drink while on this medication. Use with caution in patients with epilepsy, prostatic hypertrophy, glaucoma, hepatic disease, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, patients with stenosing peptic ulcer, pyloro-duodenal obstruction or bladder neck obstruction, unless under the medical advice and supervision. If symptoms do not improve within one week or accompanied with high fever, consult a physician before continuing use.
    InteractionsView
    Taking certain MAO inhibitors with this medication may cause a serious (possibly fatal) drug interaction. Avoid taking isocarboxazid, methylene blue, moclobemide, phenelzine, procarbazine, rasagiline, selegiline, or tranylcypromine during treatment with this medication. Most MAO inhibitors should also not be taken for two weeks before treatment with this medication. Caution should be excercised while taking this drug with antihistamines applied to the skin (such as diphenhydramine cream, ointment, spray), antispasmodics (e.g. atropine, belladonna alkaloids), beta blockers (e.g. metoprolol, atenolol), drugs for Parkinson’s disease (e.g. anticholinergics such as benztropine, trihexyphenidyl), guanethidine, certain inhaled anesthetics (e.g. halothane), methyldopa, reserpine, scopolamine, tricyclic antidepressants (e.g. amitriptyline, desipramine), anti seizure drugs (e.g. carbamazepine), medicine for sleep or anxiety (e.g. alprazolam, diazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants, narcotic pain relievers (e.g. codeine), psychiatric medicines (e.g. chlorpromazine, risperidone, amitriptyline, trazodone).
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    As with any other drugs, use in pregnancy and lactation is best avoided.
    Overdose effectsView
    In cases of over dosage, hospital admission is strongly advised. Over dosage may produce respiratory depression, paranoid psychosis, delusions, hallucinations, and convulsion. Treatment should include emptying the stomach by aspiration or gastric lavage. Nervous stimulation and convulsions should be treated with a sedative such as diazepam intramuscularly. If marked excitation is present, a sedative such as diazepam or a short-acting barbiturate may be given.

    Severe over dosage of phenylephrine hydrochloride may produce hypertension and associated reflex bradycardia. Treatment measures include early gastric lavage and symptomatic and supportive measures. The hypertensive effects may be treated with an alpha-receptor blocking agent (such as phentolamine mesilate 6-10 mg) given intravenously, and the bradycardia treated with atropine, preferable only after the pressure has been controlled.
    StorageView
    Keep out of the reach of children. Keep in a cool & dry place. Protect from light.

    Ocoral

    Calcium Carbonate [Coral source] + Vitamin D3
    Tablet 500 mg+200 IU Allopathic Specific mineral & vitamin combined preparations

    Indications

    Rickets

    Indication detailsView
    This is indicated for the treatment & prevention of osteoporosis, osteomalacia, tetany, hypoparathyroidism, disorders of osteogenesis. Also used as supplement in case of inadequate intake of Calcium in childhood diet, rickets, pregnancy & lactation, elderly patients. Other indications include pancreatitis, phosphate binder in chronic renal failure etc.
    Therapeutic classView
    Specific mineral & vitamin combined preparations
    PharmacologyView
    This is a Calcium and Vitamin D3 preparation where Calcium Carbonate is sourced from coral origin. The Calcium Carbonate from Coral has a chemical structure that is very similar to the composition of human bone. Coral Calcium is similar to other sources but ensures better absorption. Vitamin D3 aids in the absorption of Calcium from GI tract and helps to maintain Calcium balance in the body.
    DosageView
    One tablet once or twice daily with plenty of water or as directed by the physician. Taking in full stomach ensures better absorption.
    Side effectsView
    Flatulence, diarrhoea, constipation, upper GI discomfort etc. are rare manifestation. Hypercalcaemia due to prolong use has rarely been reported.
    ContraindicationsView
    Hypersensitivity to any of the components, hypocalcaemia resulting from overdose of Vitamin D3, hyperparathyroidism, bone metastases, severe renal insufficiency, severe hypercalciuria, renal calculi etc.
    PrecautionsView
    In presence of mild hypercalciuria, careful monitoring with reduction of dose may be needed. Plasma and serum Calcium level should be monitored in mild to moderate renal impairment and also in case of long-term use. Patients with renal stones or with such previous history should also take precautions.
    InteractionsView
    Oral Calcium can reduce the absorption of tetracycline & fluoride preparations and minimum 3 hours time should be allowed between ingestion of these medications. Thiazide diuretics reduces the renal excretion of Calcium. Phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids may induce metabolism of Vitamin D3. Concomitant ingestion of certain foods like spinach, cereals, milk and its derivatives may reduce the intestinal uptake of Calcium.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    This can be given to pregnant and lactating mothers as per recommendation of physician.
    Overdose effectsView
    At high doses it may result in nausea, vomiting, dizziness, anorexia, abdominal cramps, headache, constipation, irritability etc. Treatment includes cessation of therapy and adequate rehydration.
    StorageView
    Store at temperature of below 30°C, protect from light & moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

    Ocoral D

    Calcium Carbonate [Coral source] + Vitamin D3
    Tablet 500 mg+200 IU Allopathic Specific mineral & vitamin combined preparations

    Indications

    Rickets

    Indication detailsView
    This is indicated for the treatment & prevention of osteoporosis, osteomalacia, tetany, hypoparathyroidism, disorders of osteogenesis. Also used as supplement in case of inadequate intake of Calcium in childhood diet, rickets, pregnancy & lactation, elderly patients. Other indications include pancreatitis, phosphate binder in chronic renal failure etc.
    Therapeutic classView
    Specific mineral & vitamin combined preparations
    PharmacologyView
    This is a Calcium and Vitamin D3 preparation where Calcium Carbonate is sourced from coral origin. The Calcium Carbonate from Coral has a chemical structure that is very similar to the composition of human bone. Coral Calcium is similar to other sources but ensures better absorption. Vitamin D3 aids in the absorption of Calcium from GI tract and helps to maintain Calcium balance in the body.
    DosageView
    One tablet once or twice daily with plenty of water or as directed by the physician. Taking in full stomach ensures better absorption.
    Side effectsView
    Flatulence, diarrhoea, constipation, upper GI discomfort etc. are rare manifestation. Hypercalcaemia due to prolong use has rarely been reported.
    ContraindicationsView
    Hypersensitivity to any of the components, hypocalcaemia resulting from overdose of Vitamin D3, hyperparathyroidism, bone metastases, severe renal insufficiency, severe hypercalciuria, renal calculi etc.
    PrecautionsView
    In presence of mild hypercalciuria, careful monitoring with reduction of dose may be needed. Plasma and serum Calcium level should be monitored in mild to moderate renal impairment and also in case of long-term use. Patients with renal stones or with such previous history should also take precautions.
    InteractionsView
    Oral Calcium can reduce the absorption of tetracycline & fluoride preparations and minimum 3 hours time should be allowed between ingestion of these medications. Thiazide diuretics reduces the renal excretion of Calcium. Phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids may induce metabolism of Vitamin D3. Concomitant ingestion of certain foods like spinach, cereals, milk and its derivatives may reduce the intestinal uptake of Calcium.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    This can be given to pregnant and lactating mothers as per recommendation of physician.
    Overdose effectsView
    At high doses it may result in nausea, vomiting, dizziness, anorexia, abdominal cramps, headache, constipation, irritability etc. Treatment includes cessation of therapy and adequate rehydration.
    StorageView
    Store at temperature of below 30°C, protect from light & moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

    Octabid

    Ciprofloxacin
    Tablet 500 mg Allopathic Anti-diarrhoeal Antimicrobial drugs

    Indications

    Urinary tract infection

    Indication detailsView
    Ciprofloxacin is indicated for the treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections,Urinary tract infections, Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases, Infectious Diarrhea (Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholera), Typhoid fever, Intra-abdominal infections, Prostatitis, Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, Bone and Joint Infections, Gonorrhea, Neutropenic patients with fever due to bacterial infection, Meningitis, Surgical prophylaxis.
    Therapeutic classView
    4-Quinolone preparations, Anti-diarrhoeal Antimicrobial drugs
    PharmacologyView
    Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone. It has bactericidal activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis by binding with the bacterial enzyme-DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV which are responsible for DNA supercoiling.
    DosageView
    Tablet: Adult:
    • Respiratory Tract Infections: 500 to 750 mg twice daily (7 to 14 days)
    • Urinary tract infections: 250 to 750 mg twice daily (3 to 10 days)
    • Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases: 500 to 750 mg twice daily (14 days)
    • Infectious Diarrhea (Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholera): 500 mg twice daily (1 to 5 days)
    • Typhoid fever: 500 mg twice daily (7 days)
    • Intra-abdominal infections: 500 to 750 mg twice daily (5 to 14 days)
    • Prostatitis: 500 to 750 mg twice daily (2 to 6 weeks)
    • Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: 500 to 750 mg twice daily (7 to 14 days)
    • Bone and Joint Infections: 500 to 750 mg twice daily (max. 3 months)
    • Gonorrhea: 500 mg as a single dose
    • Neutropenic patients with fever due to bacterial infection: 500 to 750 mg twice daily co-administered with appropriate antibacterials.
    • Meningitis: 500 mg as a single dose.
    • Surgical prophylaxis: 500 mg as a single dose, 60 minutes before the procedure.
    Suspension: Pediatric: 10-20 mg/kg (max. 750 mg) twice daily (10 to 21 days). The duration of therapy depends on the type and severity of the infection.

    Extended-release tablet: In uncomplicated urinary tract infection (acute cystitis), the recommended dose of extended-release tablet is 1000 mg tablet once daily for three days.

    For IV infusion:
    • Urinary Tract Infection: Mild to Moderate: 200 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days; Severe or Complicated: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days
    • Lower Respiratory Tract infection: Mild to Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days; Severe or Complicated: 400 mg 8 hourly for 7-14 days
    • Nosocomial Pneumonia: Mild/Moderate/Severe: 400 mg 8 hourly for 10-14 days
    • Skin and Skin Structure: Mild to Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days; Severe or Complicated: 400 mg 8 hourly for 7-14 days
    • Bone and Joint Infection: Mild to Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for more than 4-6 weeks; Severe/Complicated: 400 mg 8 hourly for more than 4-6weeks
    • Intraabdominal (Acute abdomen): Complicated: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days
    • Acute Sinusitis: Mild/Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 10 days
    • Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis: Mild/Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 28 Days.
    AdministrationView
    Instruction for the use of Ciprofloxacin IV infusion-
    • Check the bag for minute leaks by squeezing the inner bag firmly. If leaks are found, or if seal is not intact, discard the solution.
    • Do not use if the solution is cloudy or a precipitate is present.
    • Do not use flexible bags in series connections.
    • Close flow control clamp of administration set.
    • Remove cover from port at bottom of bag.
    • Insert piercing pin of administration set into port with a twisting motion until the pin is firmly seated.
    • Suspend bag from hanger.
    • Squeeze and release drip chamber to establish proper fluid level in chamber during infusion of Ciprofloxacin IV infusion.
    • Open flow control clamp to expel air from set.Close clamp.
    • Regulate rate of administration with flow control clamp
    Duration of treatment: The duration of treatment depends upon the severity of infection, clinical response and bacteriological findings. For acute infections the usual treatment period is 5 to 10 days. Generally treatment should be continued for 3 days after the signs and symptoms of the infection have been disappeared.
    Side effectsView
    Side effects include- nausea and other gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, dizziness, joint pain and skin rashes.
    ContraindicationsView
    It is contraindicated in patients who have known hypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin or other quinolones.
    PrecautionsView
    Patients receiving Ciprofloxacin should be instructed to drink fluids liberally. It should be used with caution in patients with suspected or known CNS disorders such as epilepsy or other factors which predispose to seizures and convulsion. Avoid in patients with known QT prolongation, hypokalemia.
    InteractionsView
    Concurrent administration of Ciprofloxacin should be avoided with Magnesium or Aluminum containing antacids or sucralfate or with other products containing Calcium, Iron or Zinc. These products may be taken two hours after or six hours before Ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin should not be taken concurrently with milk or other dairy products, since absorption of Ciprofloxacin may be significantly reduced. Dietary calcium is a part of a meal, however, does not significantly affect the absorption of Ciprofloxacin.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Ciprofloxacin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus and mother. Ciprofloxacin is excreted in human milk. Due to the potential risk of articular damage, Ciprofloxacin should not be used during lactation.
    Pediatric usageView
    Although effective in clinical trials, Ciprofloxacin is not a drug of first choice in pediatric population.
    Overdose effectsView
    Overdose following Ciprofloxacin administration may lead to seizures, hallucinations, confusion, abdominal discomfort, renal and hepatic impairment as well as crystalluria, haematuria, & reversible renal toxicity.
    StorageView
    Keep below 30°C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Octon

    Nitrazepam
    Tablet 5 mg Allopathic Benzodiazepine hypnotics

    Indications

    Insomnia and sleep disturbances

    Indication detailsView
    Short-term management of insomnia, Infantile spasms
    Therapeutic classView
    Benzodiazepine hypnotics
    PharmacologyView
    Nitrazepam is a benzodiazepine with a pronounced sleep-inducing activity. It depresses the reticular-activating system in the brainstem by enhancing the inhibitory effect of GABA on brain cells, thus preventing excessive brain activity.
    DosageView
    Short-term management of insomnia:
    • Adult: 5 mg at night; increase to 10 mg if necessary.
    • Elderly: and debilitated patients: ≤normal adult dose.
    Infantile spasms:
    • Child: Infants: 125 mcg/kg bid; gradually increase to 250-500 mcg/kg bid.
    AdministrationView
    May be taken with or without food
    Side effectsView
    Hypotension, palpitation; agitation, aggressiveness, amnesia, ataxia, confusion, delusions, disorientation, dizziness, fatigue, hallucination, hangover, headache, irritability, nightmares, psychoses, rage, restlessness, sedation; rash; changes in libido; constipation, diarrhoea, excessive salivation, heartburn, nausea, vomiting; granulocytopenia, leukopenia; falling, muscle weakness; blurred or double vision; tinnitus (associated with withdrawal); aspiration, increased bronchial secretion, dyspnoea.
    ContraindicationsView
    Myasthenia gravis, narrow-angle glaucoma, severe respiratory insufficiency, sleep apnoea syndrome, severe hepatic impairment, porphyria.
    PrecautionsView
    May induce anterograde amnesia; caution patients to have uninterrupted sleep of 7-8 hr after ingestion of dose. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Depression, especially if suicidal risk may be present. History of drug abuse or acute alcoholism. Hepatic and renal impairment. Respiratory disease. Debilitated patients. Patients who are at risk of falls. Children, elderly. Pregnancy and lactation.
    InteractionsView
    CNS depressant effect increased with alcohol, barbiturates, TCAs, phenothiazines, morphine derivatives. Effects may be antagonised by theophylline. Increased levels/effects with probenecid. Reduced levels/effects with rifampicin. May reduce effects of levodopa.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Category not classified
    Overdose effectsView
    Symptoms: Somnolence, drowsiness, confusion, ataxia, impaired reflexes, coma, dyspnoea, hypotension, respiratory and cardiovascular depression.

    Management: Supportive. Gastric lavage may be beneficial if performed soon after ingestion. Flumazenil may reverse benzodiazepine-induced CNS depression.
    StorageView
    Store at room temperature. Protect from light and moisture.

    Octreotide

    Octreotide Acetate
    Injection 50 mcg/ml Allopathic Growth hormone antagonist

    Indications

    Variceal haemorrhage

    Indication detailsView
    Acromegaly: Octreotide acetate injection is indicated to reduce blood levels of growth hormone and IGF-I (somatomedin C) in acromegaly patients who have had inadequate response to or cannot be treated with surgical resection, pituitary irradiation, and bromocriptine mesylate at maximally tolerated doses. The goal is to achieve normalization of growth hormone and IGF-I (somatomedin C) levels. In patients with acromegaly, Octreotide acetate injection reduces growth hormone to within normal ranges in 50% of patients and reduces IGF-I (somatomedin C) to within normal ranges in 50% to 60% of patients. Since the effects of pituitary irradiation may not become maximal for several years, adjunctive therapy with Octreotide acetate injection to reduce blood levels of growth hormone and IGF-I (somatomedin C) offers potential benefit before the effects of irradiation are manifested.

    Improvement in clinical signs and symptoms or reduction in tumor size or rate of growth were not shown in clinical trials performed with Octreotide acetate injection; these trials were not optimally designed to detect such effects.

    Carcinoid Tumors: Octreotide acetate injection is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors where it suppresses or inhibits the severe diarrhea and flushing episodes associated with the disease.

    Octreotide acetate injection studies were not designed to show an effect on the size, rate of growth or development of metastases.

    Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Tumors (VIPomas): Octreotide acetate injection is indicated for the treatment of the profuse watery diarrhea associated with VIP-secreting tumors. Octreotide acetate injection studies were not designed to show an effect on the size, rate of growth or development of metastases.
    Therapeutic classView
    Growth hormone antagonist
    PharmacologyView
    Octreotide is a synthetic analogue of somatostatin which acts by suppressing basal and stimulated secretion of growth hormone (GH). It also suppresses LH response to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and reduces the secretion of gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), insulin, glucagon, secretin, motilin and pancreatic polypeptide.
    DosageView
    Intramuscular-
    Acromegaly:
    • Adult: Following initial control with SC therapy: As a depot preparation, initially 20 mg every 4 wk. Adjust if required after 3 mth to 10-30 mg every 4 wk. Max: 40 mg every 4 wk.
    Intravenous-
    Variceal haemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis:
    • Adult: As continuous IV infusion: 25 mcg/hr for 48 hr (up to 5 days in patients at high risk of re-bleeding).
    • Child: ≥1 mth: 1 mcg/kg/hr (up to 50 mcg/hr); given as continuous IV infusion. Higher doses may be needed initially, reduce dose gradually over 24 hr until bleeding has stopped.
    Subcutaneous-
    Prophylaxis of complications following pancreatic surgery:
    • Adult: 100 mcg tid of a rapid-acting preparation given for 7 consecutive days, starting at least 1 hr before operation.
    Subcutaneous-
    Acromegaly:
    • Adult: Initially 50 mcg tid, increased as necessary to usual dose 100-200 mcg tid. Max: 500 mcg tid.
    Subcutaneous-
    Secretory neoplasms:
    • Adult: Initially, 50 mcg 1-2 times daily, increased gradually to up to 600 mcg daily in 2-4 divided doses according to response. Continued treatment is not recommended if there is no benefit within a wk of starting treatment for carcinoid tumour. Initial dose may be given via IV admin of a rapid response is required.
    Subcutaneous-
    HIV-associated diarrhoea:
    • Adult: Initial dose 100 mcg tid. If symptoms are not controlled after 1 wk, increase dose to 250 mcg tid, if still not effective after 1 wk stop therapy.
    Side effectsView
    Local pain, stinging, tingling at site of inj; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, loose stools, steatorrhoea; biliary tract abnormalities. Hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia, hypothyroidism, cardiac conduction abnormalitles, pancreatitis.
    ContraindicationsView
    Hypersensitivity
    PrecautionsView
    Renal disease; risk of gall bladder disease; DM; hypothyroidism. Pregnancy, lactation, children, elderly. Monitor levels of vitamin B12 during long term therapy.
    InteractionsView
    Dosage adjustment of concurrent therapy may be necessary with calcium channel blockers, oral hypoglycaemics, β-blockers, diuretics. May increase concentration of bromocriptine.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Category B: Either animal-reproduction studies have not demonstrated a foetal risk but there are no controlled studies in pregnant women or animal-reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect (other than a decrease in fertility) that was not confirmed in controlled studies in women in the 1st trimester (and there is no evidence of a risk in later trimesters).
    Pediatric usageView
    Renal Impairment: Dosage may need to be reduced in severe renal impairment requiring dialysis.
    StorageView
    Store at 2-8° C. Stable at room temperature for up to 14 days.

    Octreotide

    Octreotide Acetate
    Injection 100 mcg/ml Allopathic Growth hormone antagonist

    Indications

    Variceal haemorrhage

    Indication detailsView
    Acromegaly: Octreotide acetate injection is indicated to reduce blood levels of growth hormone and IGF-I (somatomedin C) in acromegaly patients who have had inadequate response to or cannot be treated with surgical resection, pituitary irradiation, and bromocriptine mesylate at maximally tolerated doses. The goal is to achieve normalization of growth hormone and IGF-I (somatomedin C) levels. In patients with acromegaly, Octreotide acetate injection reduces growth hormone to within normal ranges in 50% of patients and reduces IGF-I (somatomedin C) to within normal ranges in 50% to 60% of patients. Since the effects of pituitary irradiation may not become maximal for several years, adjunctive therapy with Octreotide acetate injection to reduce blood levels of growth hormone and IGF-I (somatomedin C) offers potential benefit before the effects of irradiation are manifested.

    Improvement in clinical signs and symptoms or reduction in tumor size or rate of growth were not shown in clinical trials performed with Octreotide acetate injection; these trials were not optimally designed to detect such effects.

    Carcinoid Tumors: Octreotide acetate injection is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of patients with metastatic carcinoid tumors where it suppresses or inhibits the severe diarrhea and flushing episodes associated with the disease.

    Octreotide acetate injection studies were not designed to show an effect on the size, rate of growth or development of metastases.

    Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Tumors (VIPomas): Octreotide acetate injection is indicated for the treatment of the profuse watery diarrhea associated with VIP-secreting tumors. Octreotide acetate injection studies were not designed to show an effect on the size, rate of growth or development of metastases.
    Therapeutic classView
    Growth hormone antagonist
    PharmacologyView
    Octreotide is a synthetic analogue of somatostatin which acts by suppressing basal and stimulated secretion of growth hormone (GH). It also suppresses LH response to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and reduces the secretion of gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), insulin, glucagon, secretin, motilin and pancreatic polypeptide.
    DosageView
    Intramuscular-
    Acromegaly:
    • Adult: Following initial control with SC therapy: As a depot preparation, initially 20 mg every 4 wk. Adjust if required after 3 mth to 10-30 mg every 4 wk. Max: 40 mg every 4 wk.
    Intravenous-
    Variceal haemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis:
    • Adult: As continuous IV infusion: 25 mcg/hr for 48 hr (up to 5 days in patients at high risk of re-bleeding).
    • Child: ≥1 mth: 1 mcg/kg/hr (up to 50 mcg/hr); given as continuous IV infusion. Higher doses may be needed initially, reduce dose gradually over 24 hr until bleeding has stopped.
    Subcutaneous-
    Prophylaxis of complications following pancreatic surgery:
    • Adult: 100 mcg tid of a rapid-acting preparation given for 7 consecutive days, starting at least 1 hr before operation.
    Subcutaneous-
    Acromegaly:
    • Adult: Initially 50 mcg tid, increased as necessary to usual dose 100-200 mcg tid. Max: 500 mcg tid.
    Subcutaneous-
    Secretory neoplasms:
    • Adult: Initially, 50 mcg 1-2 times daily, increased gradually to up to 600 mcg daily in 2-4 divided doses according to response. Continued treatment is not recommended if there is no benefit within a wk of starting treatment for carcinoid tumour. Initial dose may be given via IV admin of a rapid response is required.
    Subcutaneous-
    HIV-associated diarrhoea:
    • Adult: Initial dose 100 mcg tid. If symptoms are not controlled after 1 wk, increase dose to 250 mcg tid, if still not effective after 1 wk stop therapy.
    Side effectsView
    Local pain, stinging, tingling at site of inj; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, loose stools, steatorrhoea; biliary tract abnormalities. Hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia, hypothyroidism, cardiac conduction abnormalitles, pancreatitis.
    ContraindicationsView
    Hypersensitivity
    PrecautionsView
    Renal disease; risk of gall bladder disease; DM; hypothyroidism. Pregnancy, lactation, children, elderly. Monitor levels of vitamin B12 during long term therapy.
    InteractionsView
    Dosage adjustment of concurrent therapy may be necessary with calcium channel blockers, oral hypoglycaemics, β-blockers, diuretics. May increase concentration of bromocriptine.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Category B: Either animal-reproduction studies have not demonstrated a foetal risk but there are no controlled studies in pregnant women or animal-reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect (other than a decrease in fertility) that was not confirmed in controlled studies in women in the 1st trimester (and there is no evidence of a risk in later trimesters).
    Pediatric usageView
    Renal Impairment: Dosage may need to be reduced in severe renal impairment requiring dialysis.
    StorageView
    Store at 2-8° C. Stable at room temperature for up to 14 days.

    Ocubac

    Chloramphenicol (Ophthalmic)
    Ophthalmic Solution 0.50% Allopathic Macrolides

    Indications

    Whipple’s disease

    Indication detailsView
    Chloramphenicol is indicated for the treatment of ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible organisms. Such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E.coli, H. influenzae, Klebsiella/Enterobacter spp, Moraxella lacunata, and Neisseria species.
    Therapeutic classView
    Ear Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Eye Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Macrolides
    PharmacologyView
    Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic which acts through the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the transfer of activated amino acids from soluble RNA to ribosomes.
    DosageView
    Adult and Children: Instill 1 or 2 drops in the conjunctival sac 4-6 times per day for the first 72 hours and then every 4 hours thereafter. Treatment should be continued for approximately 7 days, but should not be continued for more than 3 weeks without re-evaluation by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    The systemic adverse reaction has not been observed within short-term topical use of Chloramphenicol. The most frequently reported adverse reactions have been burning, stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, blood dyscrasia, allergic or inflammatory reactions, vesicular and maculopapular dermatitis.
    ContraindicationsView
    It is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol or any ingredients of the preparation.
    PrecautionsView
    Chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated course and prolonged treatment should be avoided. Blood dyscrasias (granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and moderate anaemia) may occur after prolonged ophthalmic use.
    InteractionsView
    Chymotrypsin may be inhibited if given simultaneously with Chloramphenicol.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Safety for use in pregnancy and lactation has not been established. Therefore, use only when considered essential by the physicians.
    Overdose effectsView
    Accidental ingestion of the medicine is unlikely to cause any toxicity due to low content of antibiotic.
    StorageView
    Store in a cool (between 2°C-8°C) and dry place, protect from light, keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to the surface since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of the first opening.

    Ocubac-D

    Dexamethasone + Chloramphenicol
    Ophthalmic Solution 0.1%+0.5% Allopathic Ophthalmic steroid - antibiotic combined preparations

    Indications

    Post-herpetic keratitis

    Indication detailsView
    Eye: This combination is indicated in acute purulent conjunctivitis, fresh inflammation of the superficial and deeper corneal layers and corneal ulceration. It is also used in keratitis disciformis and the more deep-seated forms of post-herpetic keratitis, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic blepharitis, acute and chronic iritis, chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical radiation or thermal burns, or penetration of foreign bodies. The combination is used in steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where bacterial infection or arisk of bacterial ocular infection exists. The combination can also be used for post-operative inflammation and any other ocular inflammation associated with infection.

    Ear: This combination is indicated in otitis externa, otitis media and chronic suppurative otitis media.
    Therapeutic classView
    Ophthalmic steroid - antibiotic combined preparations
    PharmacologyView
    Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid. It has an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic action. It is used topically in the treatment of inflammatory conditions of the anterior segment of the eye. Dexamethasone is absorbed rapidly after oral administration with a half-life of about 190 minutes. Sufficient absorption may occur after topical application to the skin and eye to produce systemic effects.

    Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic active against a wide variety of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Chloramphenicol exerts its antibacterial effect by binding to bacterial ribosomes and inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis at an early stage
    DosageView
    Eye:
    • Bacterial Conjunctivitis: The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis is 1 to 2 drops instilled into the conjunctival sac (s) every 2 hours for 2 days and 1 or 2 drops every 4 hours for the next 5(five days) while awake.
    • Corneal Ulcers: The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of comeal ulcer is 2 drops in the affected eye (s) every 15 minutes for the first 6 hours then 2 drops into the affected eye(s) every 30 minutes for the remainder of first day. On the second day, instill 2 drops in the affected eye (s) hourly. On the 3 to 14 days, place 2 drops in the affected eye (s) every 4 hours. Treatment may be continued after 14 days if corneal re-epithelialization has not occurred.
    Ear: For all infections, 2 to 3 drops every 2 to 3 hours initially. Frequency should be decreased gradually as warranted by improvement in clinical signs. Care should be taken not to discontinue therapy prematurely.
    Side effectsView
    Adverse reactions seen with Chloramphenicol are transient ocular burning or discomfort and other reported reactions include stinging, redness, itching, conjunctivitis, foreign body sensation, photophobia, blurred vision, dryness and eye pain. Allergic sensitization may occur with the local use of Chloramphenicol. Elevation of intraocular pressure with possible development of glaucoma, infrequent optic nerve damage and posterior subcapsular cataract formation.
    ContraindicationsView
    The combination is contraindicated in epithelial herpes simplex cornealis, fungal, viral, tuberculous and other infections of the eye and in glaucoma. Myelosuppression during previous exposure to Chloramphenicol. Hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol & Dexamethasone Phosphate or to any other ingredients of the preparations.
    PrecautionsView
    The possibility of persistent fungal infections of the cornea should be considered after prolonged corticosteroid dosing. Prolonged use of steroids containing products may result in posterior subcapsular cataract formation and glaucoma with optic nerve damage. Intraocular pressure monitoring is needed. Prolonged use of antibiotics may result in the overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, including fungi. If new infections appear during treatment, the drug should be discontinued and alternative therapy should be instituted.
    InteractionsView
    If Chloramphenicol is absorbed from eye when taking anticoagulants e.g. warfarin, there may be an increase in the effect of this medicine. Action of Chloramphenicol will be inhibited if given simultaneously with Phenobarbital. The therapeutic efficacy of Dexamethasone may be reduced with the concomitant administration of phenytoin, phenobarbitone, ephedrine and rifampicin.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Caution should be exercised when Chloramphenicol and Dexamethasone ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
    StorageView
    Keep in a cool and dry place, away from light & keep out of the reach of children. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.

    Ocuberry

    Bilberry fruit [Vaccinium myrtillus L]
    Capsule 160 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals

    Indications

    Night blindness

    Indication detailsView
    Bilberry fruit  is indicated in Retinopathy (hypertensive and diabetic), Night blindness, Cataracts, Macular degeneration, Retinitis pigmentosa and Hemorrhagic retinopathy.
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Bilberry extract is used to treat Retinopathy, Cataracts, Macular degeneration, Retinitis pigmentosa, Hemorrhagic retinopathy. Bilberry anthocyanins regenerate rhodopsin are indicated in the treatment of poor night vision and cataracts. Bilberry is also used to treat microcirculatory disorders which include varicose veins, atherosclerosis, venous insufficiency.

    MECHANISM OF ACTION:
    • Inhibits enzymatic cleavage of collagen by the enzymes secreted by leucocytes during Inflammation.
    • By inhibiting retinal phosphoglucomutase and glucose-6-phosphatase it confers retinal protection.
    • Reduces microvascular impairments due to ischemic reperfusion injury, with preservation of endothelium, attenuation of leukocyte adhesion and improvement of capillary perfusion.
    • Produces dose dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation and clot retraction.
    • Decreases basement membrane collagen hydrolysis by significantly reducing permeability of the blood-brain barrier and increases recovery rate of the BBB caused by permeability-increasing agents.
    DosageView
    One 160 mg capsule should be taken 2-3 times daily or as per the instruction of a physician.
    Side effectsView
    None known.
    ContraindicationsView
    None known
    InteractionsView
    None known. Very high doses ( more than 170 mg anthocyanins daily for 30-60 days) may interact with warfarin or other antiplatelet drugs.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No known restriction.
    StorageView
    Store at a cool, dry place below 30°C temperature and away from direct sunlight. Keep the medicine out of the reach of children.

    Ocubil

    Bilberry fruit [Vaccinium myrtillus L]
    Capsule 160 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals

    Indications

    Night blindness

    Indication detailsView
    Bilberry fruit  is indicated in Retinopathy (hypertensive and diabetic), Night blindness, Cataracts, Macular degeneration, Retinitis pigmentosa and Hemorrhagic retinopathy.
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Bilberry extract is used to treat Retinopathy, Cataracts, Macular degeneration, Retinitis pigmentosa, Hemorrhagic retinopathy. Bilberry anthocyanins regenerate rhodopsin are indicated in the treatment of poor night vision and cataracts. Bilberry is also used to treat microcirculatory disorders which include varicose veins, atherosclerosis, venous insufficiency.

    MECHANISM OF ACTION:
    • Inhibits enzymatic cleavage of collagen by the enzymes secreted by leucocytes during Inflammation.
    • By inhibiting retinal phosphoglucomutase and glucose-6-phosphatase it confers retinal protection.
    • Reduces microvascular impairments due to ischemic reperfusion injury, with preservation of endothelium, attenuation of leukocyte adhesion and improvement of capillary perfusion.
    • Produces dose dependent inhibition of platelet aggregation and clot retraction.
    • Decreases basement membrane collagen hydrolysis by significantly reducing permeability of the blood-brain barrier and increases recovery rate of the BBB caused by permeability-increasing agents.
    DosageView
    One 160 mg capsule should be taken 2-3 times daily or as per the instruction of a physician.
    Side effectsView
    None known.
    ContraindicationsView
    None known
    InteractionsView
    None known. Very high doses ( more than 170 mg anthocyanins daily for 30-60 days) may interact with warfarin or other antiplatelet drugs.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No known restriction.
    StorageView
    Store at a cool, dry place below 30°C temperature and away from direct sunlight. Keep the medicine out of the reach of children.

    Ocubrin

    Brinzolamide
    Ophthalmic Suspension 1% Allopathic Drugs for miotics and glaucoma

    Indications

    Open angle glaucoma

    Indication detailsView
    Brinzolamide Ophthalmic Suspension is indicated as monotherapy, or as adjunctive therapy to beta-blockers in the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in ocular hypertension, or open-angle glaucoma.
    Therapeutic classView
    Drugs for miotics and glaucoma
    PharmacologyView
    Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme found in many tissues of the body including the eye. It catalyses the reversible reaction involving the hydration of carbon dioxide and the dehydration of carbonic acid. It exists as a number of isoenzymes, the most active being carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II), found primarily in red blood cells, but also in other tissues. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary processes of the eye decreases aqueous humor secretion, presumably by slowing the formation of bicarbonate ions with subsequent reduction in sodium and fuid transport.

    Following topical ocular administration, brinzolamide inhibits aqueous humor formation and reduces elevated intraocular pressure. Elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor in the pathogenesis of optic nerve damage and glaucomatous visual feld loss.
    DosageView
    The recommended dose is one drops of this eye drop in the conjunctival sac of the affected eye(s) twice daily. Some patients may have a better response with one drop three times a day. Shake well before use.
    Side effectsView
    Reported side effects are blurred vision and bitter, sour or unusual taste. Other side effects are blepharitis, dermatitis, dry eye, foreign body sensation, headache, hyperemia, ocular discharge, ocular discomfort, ocular keratitis, ocular pain, ocular pruritus and rhinitis.
    ContraindicationsView
    It is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to any component of this product.
    PrecautionsView
    • Brinzolamide ophthalmic suspension and its metabolite are excreted predominantly by the kidney. So, it is not recommended in severe renal impaired patients.
    • Brinzolamide ophthalmic suspension has not been studied in patients with hepatic impairment and should be used with caution in such patients.
    • The concomitant administration of Brinzolamide ophthalmic suspension and oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor is not recommended due to no additional benefits.
    • If hypersensitivity reaction occurs after instillation patients should be advised to discontinue the use of Brinzolamide and consult with physicians.
    InteractionsView
    In patients treated with oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, rare instances to drug interactions have occurred with high-dose salicylate therapy. Therefore, the potential for such drug interactions should be considered in patients receiving Brinzolamide.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Pregnancy category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Brinzolamide 1% ophthalmic suspension should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

    Use in lactation: It is not known whether Brinzolamide 1% ophthalmic suspension is excreted in human milk. So, lactating mother should discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, depending upon the importance of the drug to the mother.
    Overdose effectsView
    Although no human data are available, electrolyte imbalance, development of an acidosis state, and possible nervous system effects may occur following oral administration of an overdose. Serum electrolyte levels (particularly potassium) and blood pH levels should be monitored.
    StorageView
    Store at room temperature & protect from light. Do not touch dropper tip to any surface. It is desirable that the contents should not be used more than four weeks after first opening of the bottle. Protect from freezing.

    Ocubrom

    Bromfenac Sodium
    Ophthalmic Solution 0.07% Allopathic Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs

    Indications

    Postoperative ocular inflammation

    Indication detailsView
    Bromfenac is indicated for the treatment of postoperative inflammation and the reduction of ocular pain in patients who have undergone cataract extraction
    Therapeutic classView
    Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs
    PharmacologyView
    Bromfenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). The mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity is thought to be due to its ability to block prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclooxygenase 1 and 2. Prostaglandins have been shown in many animal models to be mediators of certain kinds of intraocular inflammation. In studies performed in animal eyes, prostaglandins have been shown to produce disruption of the blood-aqueous humor barrier, vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, leukocytosis and increased intraocular pressure.
    DosageView
    Adults: 1 drop to the problem eye 2 times a day; treatment should start 24 hours after surgery and should continue for 2 weeks

    Children: Use and dose must be determined by the doctor.

    Pediatric Use: Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients below the age of 18 have not been established yet.
    Side effectsView
    The most commonly reported adverse reactions following use of Bromfenac after cataract surgery include: abnormal sensation in eye, conjunctival hyperemia, eye irritation (including burning/stinging), eye pain, eye pruritus, eye redness, headache and iritis. These events were reported in 2-7% of patients
    ContraindicationsView
    Bromfenac ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any ingredients of the formulation.
    PrecautionsView
    All topical NSAIDs may slow or delay healing. Topical corticosteroids are also known to slow or delay healing. Concomitant use of topical NSAIDs and topical steroids may increase the potential for healing problems. It is recommended that Bromfenac ophthalmic solution be used with caution in patients with known bleeding tendencies or who are receiving other medications which may prolong bleeding time. Bromfenac ophthalmic solution should not be administered while wearing contact lenses.

    Bromfenac ophthalmic solution contains Sodium Sulfite, a compound that may cause allergic-type reactions including anaphylactic symptoms and life-threatening or less severe asthmatic episodes in certain susceptible people. The overall prevalence of sulfite sensitivity in the general population is unknown and probably low. Therefore, caution should be used when treating individuals who have previously exhibited sensitivities to these drugs.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Pregnancy Category C. This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Caution should be exercised when Bromfenac ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
    StorageView
    Keep out of the reach of children. Store in a cool, dry place, away from heat and direct light.  Do not use more than 4 weeks after opening.

    Ocuclor

    Chloramphenicol (Ophthalmic)
    Ophthalmic Ointment 1% Allopathic Macrolides

    Indications

    Whipple’s disease

    Indication detailsView
    Chloramphenicol is indicated for the treatment of ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible organisms. Such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E.coli, H. influenzae, Klebsiella/Enterobacter spp, Moraxella lacunata, and Neisseria species.
    Therapeutic classView
    Ear Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Eye Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Macrolides
    PharmacologyView
    Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic which acts through the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the transfer of activated amino acids from soluble RNA to ribosomes.
    DosageView
    Adult and Children: Instill 1 or 2 drops in the conjunctival sac 4-6 times per day for the first 72 hours and then every 4 hours thereafter. Treatment should be continued for approximately 7 days, but should not be continued for more than 3 weeks without re-evaluation by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    The systemic adverse reaction has not been observed within short-term topical use of Chloramphenicol. The most frequently reported adverse reactions have been burning, stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, blood dyscrasia, allergic or inflammatory reactions, vesicular and maculopapular dermatitis.
    ContraindicationsView
    It is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol or any ingredients of the preparation.
    PrecautionsView
    Chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated course and prolonged treatment should be avoided. Blood dyscrasias (granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and moderate anaemia) may occur after prolonged ophthalmic use.
    InteractionsView
    Chymotrypsin may be inhibited if given simultaneously with Chloramphenicol.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Safety for use in pregnancy and lactation has not been established. Therefore, use only when considered essential by the physicians.
    Overdose effectsView
    Accidental ingestion of the medicine is unlikely to cause any toxicity due to low content of antibiotic.
    StorageView
    Store in a cool (between 2°C-8°C) and dry place, protect from light, keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to the surface since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of the first opening.

    Ocuclor

    Chloramphenicol (Ophthalmic)
    Ophthalmic Solution 0.50% Allopathic Macrolides

    Indications

    Whipple’s disease

    Indication detailsView
    Chloramphenicol is indicated for the treatment of ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible organisms. Such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E.coli, H. influenzae, Klebsiella/Enterobacter spp, Moraxella lacunata, and Neisseria species.
    Therapeutic classView
    Ear Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Eye Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Macrolides
    PharmacologyView
    Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic which acts through the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the transfer of activated amino acids from soluble RNA to ribosomes.
    DosageView
    Adult and Children: Instill 1 or 2 drops in the conjunctival sac 4-6 times per day for the first 72 hours and then every 4 hours thereafter. Treatment should be continued for approximately 7 days, but should not be continued for more than 3 weeks without re-evaluation by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    The systemic adverse reaction has not been observed within short-term topical use of Chloramphenicol. The most frequently reported adverse reactions have been burning, stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, blood dyscrasia, allergic or inflammatory reactions, vesicular and maculopapular dermatitis.
    ContraindicationsView
    It is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol or any ingredients of the preparation.
    PrecautionsView
    Chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated course and prolonged treatment should be avoided. Blood dyscrasias (granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and moderate anaemia) may occur after prolonged ophthalmic use.
    InteractionsView
    Chymotrypsin may be inhibited if given simultaneously with Chloramphenicol.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Safety for use in pregnancy and lactation has not been established. Therefore, use only when considered essential by the physicians.
    Overdose effectsView
    Accidental ingestion of the medicine is unlikely to cause any toxicity due to low content of antibiotic.
    StorageView
    Store in a cool (between 2°C-8°C) and dry place, protect from light, keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to the surface since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of the first opening.

    Ocudex

    Dexamethasone (Ophthalmic)
    Ophthalmic Solution 0.10% Allopathic
    Indication detailsView
    Eye: Dexamethasone Phosphate is indicated for treatment of steroid responsive inflammatory conditions of the conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the eye such as: anterior uveitis, iritis, cyclitis, allergic and vernal conjunctivitis, herpes zoster keratitis, superficial punctate keratitis and non-specific superficial keratitis.

    Also indicated for the treatment of corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns or following penetration by foreign bodies. Indicated for post operative use to reduce inflammatory reactions and suppress graft reaction.

    Ear: Indicated in the steroid responsive inflammatory conditions of the external auditory meatus, such as allergic otitis externa, selected purulent and non-purulent infective otitis externa.
    PharmacologyView
    Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid which decreases inflammation by inhibiting the migration of leukocytes and reversal of increased capillary permeability. It suppresses normal immune response.
    DosageView
    Eye:
    • As 0.1% drop: The frequency of instillation of drops and the duration of treatment will vary depending upon the severity of the underlying condition and the response to treatment. Severe inflammations require one to two drops instilled into the eye every thirty to sixty minutes until a satisfactory response occurs. Subconjunctival or systemic steroid therapy should be considered if there is no response. When a favourable response has been observed reduce the dosage towards one drop every four hours.
    • As 0.05% ointment: Apply 0.5-1 inch ribbon of ointment into the conjunctival sac(s) up to 4 times daily. Reduce to once daily dosing once conditon has improved.
    Ear: Instill two or three drops to the ear at two or three hour interval. The frequency of dosage and duration of the treatment may vary with the type of lesion and severity.
    Side effectsView
    Glaucoma with optic nerve damage, visual acuity and field defects, posterior subcapsular cataract formation, secondary ocular infection from pathogens including herpes simplex, perforation of the globe. Rarely, stinging and burning may occur.
    ContraindicationsView
    Epithelial herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), acute infections stages of vaccinia, varicella, and many other viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva, Mycobacterial infection of the eye, Fungal diseases of ocular or auricular structures, perforation of a drum membrane. Hypersensitivity to any ingredient of this product.
    PrecautionsView
    The possibility of persistent fungal infections of the cornea should be considered after prolonged corticosteroid dosing. There have been reports of bacterial keratitis associated with the use of multiple dose containers of topical ophthalmic products. These containers had been inadvertently contaminated by patients who, in most cases, had a concurrent corneal disease or a disruption of the ocular epithelial surface.
    InteractionsView
    None relevant to topical use.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Pregnancy category C. There is no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

    Lactation: Caution should be exercised when Dexamethasone ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing woman.
    Pediatric usageView
    Pediatric Use: Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients below the age of 18 have not been established.
    Overdose effectsView
    Long-term intensive topical use may lead to systemic effects. Oral ingestion of the contents of the bottle (up to 10 ml) is unlikely to lead to any serious adverse effects.
    StorageView
    Store below 30° C in a cool and dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to surfaces since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.

    Ocuflox

    Lomefloxacin (Ophthalmic)
    Ophthalmic Solution 0.30% Allopathic Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs

    Indications

    Otic infections

    Indication detailsView
    Lomefloxacin ophthalmic preparation is indicated in the bacterial infections, including conjunctivitis, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis which are due to Lomefloxacin susceptible germs and Staphylococcus aureus- induced corneal ulcers.
    Therapeutic classView
    4-Quinolone preparations, Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs
    PharmacologyView
    Lomefloxacin, a difluorinated quinolone derivative, is a bacterial gyrase inhibitor, effective against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The acute toxicity of Lomefloxacin following systemic and topical ophthalmic application is low. Lomefloxacin interferes with bacterial DNA related processes like initiation, elongation, and termination phases of replication, transcription, DNA repairing, recombination, transposition, supercoiling and relaxation of DNA. The target molecule for quinolones is the A-subunit of bacterial enzyme gyrase (topoisomerase II). The forming of a stable complex between the quinolone and the whole gyrase teramer A2B2 leads to impaired enzyme functions, resulting in a rapid killing of sensitive bacteria.

    Cross-resistance has only been reported with other quinolones, but not with any other group of antibiotics. No clinical studies are available about the efficacy in cases of infections with chlamydia.
    DosageView
    Adults and children (above 1 year of age): Instill 2-3 times daily 1 drop into the lower conjunctival sac. At the beginning of the treatment application should be more frequent, apply 5 drops within 20 minutes or 1 drop every hour during 6-10 hours. Duration of the treatment: 7 to 9 days.
    AdministrationView
    May be taken with or without food.
    Side effectsView
    Slight and transient burning immediately after instillation of the eye drops has been reported in 4.7% of users. Although phototoxicity has not been reported after ophthalmic use, photosensitization is possible. Since the following allergic reactions have been reported after systemic use of Lomefloxacin, they can not be excluded after topical ophthalmic use: allergic reactions, asthma, dyspnoea, urticaria, erythema, pruritus, and hypersensitization.
    ContraindicationsView
    Hypersensitivity to the active ingredient, to excipients, or to quinolones. Long term treatment with antibiotics may enhance development of secondary fungal infections or may support growth of non susceptible bacteria.
    PrecautionsView
    Some isolated cases of phototoxicity have been reported after systemic but not after topical ophthalmic use of Lomefloxacin. Nevertheless, during treatment with Lomefloxacin intensive exposure to sunlight or UV-radiation should be avoided
    InteractionsView
    In order to avoid reduction of efficacy, no ophthalmic preparations containing heavy metals, such as zinc, should be used during 15 minutes preceding and following application of Lomefloxacin. Bacteriostatic ophthalmic antibiotics should not be used concomitantly with Lomefloxacin eye drops.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Animal studies revealed that after systemic use of 20 mg/kg, Lomefloxacin passes the placenta barrier and is excreted into the maternal milk. Clinical studies on the use of Lomefloxacin eye drops during human pregnancy or lactation are not available. Therefore, the drug should only be used when the benefit outweighs the potential risk for the foetus or the infant.
    Overdose effectsView
    Practically there is no risk of adverse effects due to accidental oral ingestion, since a bottle of 5 ml eye drop solution contains only 15 mg Lomefloxacin. This corresponds to 3.75% of the recommended oral daily dose for adults of 400 mg Lomefloxacin.
    StorageView
    Store at 15-25° C

    Ocugel

    Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose
    Viscoelastic Solution 2% Allopathic Drugs for Dry eyes

    Indications

    Surgical aid in the anterior segment

    Indication detailsView
    Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose is indicated as a surgical aid (medical device) during surgicalprocedures involving the anterior chamber of the eye, including extraction of the lens and insertion of intra-ocular lenses. It maintains the depth of the anterior chamber during the whole surgical procedure and permits greater operative precision without the risk of damaging the endothelium of the cornea or other intra-ocular tissues.
    Therapeutic classView
    Drugs for Dry eyes
    PharmacologyView
    Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose is a non pyrogenic viscoelastic solution that occupies space and protects tissue. When used in anterior segment surgeries, it allows for more efficient manipulation with less trauma to the ocular tissues, such as the corneal endothelium, by maintaining a deep chamber. The viscoelastic properties of Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose facilitate pushing back the vitreous face, which prevents the formation of a postoperative flat chamber.
    DosageView
    Each pre-filled syringe is for single intraocular use only. The quantity injected into the anterior chamber of the eye must be adjusted according to the volume of the aqueous humour and the anatomical structure to be protected.
    Side effectsView
    Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose has been extremely well tolerated after injection into the human eye. A transient rise in intraocular pressure postoperatively has been reported in some cases. Rarely, postoperative inflammatory reactions (iritis, hypopyon), as well as incidents of corneal edema and corneal decompensation, have been reported with viscoelastic agents.
    ContraindicationsView
    At present, there are no known contraindications to the use of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose when used as recommended.
    PrecautionsView
    Precautions are limited to those normally associated with the ophthalmic surgical procedure being performed. There may be transient increased intraocular pressure following surgery because of pre-existing glaucoma or due to the surgery itself. For these reasons, the following precautions should be considered. Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose should be removed from the anterior chamber at the end of surgery. If the postoperative intraocular pressure increases above expected values, appropriate therapy should be administered.

    Warning-
    • For intraocular use only
    • For single use only
    InteractionsView
    There are no specific drug interactions noted.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Pregnancy: Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in humans.

    Lactation: It has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies.
    Overdose effectsView
    Mechanical blockage of drainage at the trabecular level may cause a transient increase in intraocular pressure after surgery.
    StorageView
    Store in a cool and dry place,away from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of the reach of children.