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Ibspa
Dicycloverine Hydrochloride
Ibspa
Dicycloverine Hydrochloride
Indications
Spasm
Indication detailsView
Dicycloverine is indicated in:
- Functional bowel/irritable bowel syndrome
- Urinary incontinence secondary to unstable detrusor muscle
- Infantile colic
- GIT spasm
- Colicky abdominal pain
- Diverticulitis
- Abdominal colic
Therapeutic classView
Anticholinergics (antimuscarinics)/ Anti-spasmodics
PharmacologyView
Dicycloverine hydrochloride is an antispasmodic and anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agent. Chemically, it is [Bicyclohexyl-]1-carboxylic acid, 2-(diethylammo) ethyl ester, hydrochloride. Dicycloverine relieves smooth muscle spasm of the gastrointestinal tract. Dicycloverine HCl Injection is a sterile, pyrogen-free, aqueous solution for intramuscular injection (Not For Intravenous Use). It works at specific receptors, called cholinergic (or muscarinic) receptors, located on the involuntary muscle in the walls of the gut. By binding to these receptors dicycloverine prevents certain chemicals produced by the body from interacting with these receptors. This causes the gut muscle to relax, relieving the pain of colic produced by gut muscle contraction and spasm.
DosageView
For oral dosage forms:
Children: Dose must be determined by the doctor.
- Adults:10 to 20 mg three times a day.
- Children over 6 months of age: 5 to 10 mg three times a day.
- Adults: Intramuscular injection. Not for intravenous use. The recommended intramuscular dose is 80 mg daily (in 4 equally divided doses).
Children: Dose must be determined by the doctor.
Side effectsView
Insomnia, mydriasis, cycloplegia, increased ocular tension, urinary hesitancy, palpitations, dyspnea.
PrecautionsView
Use with caution in patients with autonomic neuropathy, hepatic or renal disease, ulcerative colitis, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, cardiac tachyarrhythmia, hiatal hernia, known or suspected prostatic hypertrophy.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category B. Dicycloverine was neither teratogenic nor embryocidal in animal trial. It, like other drugs should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. There are no data on the secretion of this drug into breast milk. Dicycloverine should be used cautiously in case of lactating mother.
Overdose effectsView
Toxic reaction seldom occurs with dicycloverine. The signs and symptoms of overdosage are headache; nausea; vomiting; blurred vision; dilated pupils; hot, dry skin; dizziness; dryness of the mouth; difficulty in swallowing; and CNS stimulation.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Ibspa
Dicycloverine Hydrochloride
Ibspa
Dicycloverine Hydrochloride
Indications
Spasm
Indication detailsView
Dicycloverine is indicated in:
- Functional bowel/irritable bowel syndrome
- Urinary incontinence secondary to unstable detrusor muscle
- Infantile colic
- GIT spasm
- Colicky abdominal pain
- Diverticulitis
- Abdominal colic
Therapeutic classView
Anticholinergics (antimuscarinics)/ Anti-spasmodics
PharmacologyView
Dicycloverine hydrochloride is an antispasmodic and anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agent. Chemically, it is [Bicyclohexyl-]1-carboxylic acid, 2-(diethylammo) ethyl ester, hydrochloride. Dicycloverine relieves smooth muscle spasm of the gastrointestinal tract. Dicycloverine HCl Injection is a sterile, pyrogen-free, aqueous solution for intramuscular injection (Not For Intravenous Use). It works at specific receptors, called cholinergic (or muscarinic) receptors, located on the involuntary muscle in the walls of the gut. By binding to these receptors dicycloverine prevents certain chemicals produced by the body from interacting with these receptors. This causes the gut muscle to relax, relieving the pain of colic produced by gut muscle contraction and spasm.
DosageView
For oral dosage forms:
Children: Dose must be determined by the doctor.
- Adults:10 to 20 mg three times a day.
- Children over 6 months of age: 5 to 10 mg three times a day.
- Adults: Intramuscular injection. Not for intravenous use. The recommended intramuscular dose is 80 mg daily (in 4 equally divided doses).
Children: Dose must be determined by the doctor.
Side effectsView
Insomnia, mydriasis, cycloplegia, increased ocular tension, urinary hesitancy, palpitations, dyspnea.
PrecautionsView
Use with caution in patients with autonomic neuropathy, hepatic or renal disease, ulcerative colitis, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, cardiac tachyarrhythmia, hiatal hernia, known or suspected prostatic hypertrophy.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category B. Dicycloverine was neither teratogenic nor embryocidal in animal trial. It, like other drugs should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. There are no data on the secretion of this drug into breast milk. Dicycloverine should be used cautiously in case of lactating mother.
Overdose effectsView
Toxic reaction seldom occurs with dicycloverine. The signs and symptoms of overdosage are headache; nausea; vomiting; blurred vision; dilated pupils; hot, dry skin; dizziness; dryness of the mouth; difficulty in swallowing; and CNS stimulation.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Iburex
Ibuprofen
Iburex
Ibuprofen
Indications
Yellow fever infection
Indication detailsView
Ibuprofen is indicated in the following indications-
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- Gouty arthritis
- Juvenile polyarthritis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Synovitis
- Low back pain
- Dysmenorrhoea
- Fever
- Migraine
- Soft tissue injuries
- Pain & Inflammation in dental and musculoskeletal origin.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Osteoarthritis, Drugs used for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
PharmacologyView
Ibuprofen has a high level of anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic activity. The analgesic effects of Ibuprofen are due to both a peripheral and a central effect. Ibuprofen is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which thus results in a marked reduction in prostaglandin synthesis. Ibuprofen also inhibits the synthesis of some lipo-oxygenase products. Ibuprofen thus quickly relieves pain and stiffness, reduces swelling, and improves the movement of different joints of arthritis sufferers.
DosageView
Adults: The dose is initially, 400 mg 3 times daily. A dose of 2400 mg daily should not be exceeded.
Children:
In juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: up to 30-40 mg/kg of body weight daily in 3-4 divided doses may be taken or as directed by the physician.
Children:
- 3-6 months (body-weight over 5 kg): ½ tsp (2.5 ml) 3 times daily; max. 30 mg/kg daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 6 months-1 year: ½ tsp (2.5 ml) 3-4 times daily; max. 30 mg/kg daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 1-4 years: 1 tsp (5 ml) 3 times daily; max. 30 mg/kg daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 4-7 years: 1½ tsp (7.5 ml) 3 times daily; max. 30 mg/kg daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 7-10 years: 2 tsp (10 ml) 3 times daily; upto 30 mg/kg (max. 2.4 gm) daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 10-12 years: 3 tsp (15 ml) 3 times daily; upto 30 mg/kg (max. 2.4 gm) daily in 3-4 divided doses.
In juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: up to 30-40 mg/kg of body weight daily in 3-4 divided doses may be taken or as directed by the physician.
Side effectsView
Upset stomach, vomiting, heartburn, nausea may occur.
ContraindicationsView
Ibuprofen is contraindicated in patients who have shown the previous hypersensitivity to Ibuprofen, and in patients with severe or active peptic ulceration.
PrecautionsView
Ibuprofen should be used with caution and the lowest effective doses should be given if there is a history of gastrointestinal hemorrhage or ulcer. Patients on long-term therapy with Ibuprofen require ocular monitoring at regular intervals, as changes in ocular function have been reported. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are more likely than others to develop hypersensitivity to Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen should be prescribed with caution in patients with asthma and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Adverse effects of Ibuprofen on the developing fetus cannot be fully excluded. Ibuprofen should not be used during pregnancy and for nursing mothers unless the potential benefits to the mothers outweigh the potential risks.
StorageView
Keep all medicines out of reach of children. Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light.
Iburex
Ibuprofen
Iburex
Ibuprofen
Indications
Yellow fever infection
Indication detailsView
Ibuprofen is indicated in the following indications-
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- Gouty arthritis
- Juvenile polyarthritis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Synovitis
- Low back pain
- Dysmenorrhoea
- Fever
- Migraine
- Soft tissue injuries
- Pain & Inflammation in dental and musculoskeletal origin.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Osteoarthritis, Drugs used for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
PharmacologyView
Ibuprofen has a high level of anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic activity. The analgesic effects of Ibuprofen are due to both a peripheral and a central effect. Ibuprofen is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which thus results in a marked reduction in prostaglandin synthesis. Ibuprofen also inhibits the synthesis of some lipo-oxygenase products. Ibuprofen thus quickly relieves pain and stiffness, reduces swelling, and improves the movement of different joints of arthritis sufferers.
DosageView
Adults: The dose is initially, 400 mg 3 times daily. A dose of 2400 mg daily should not be exceeded.
Children:
In juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: up to 30-40 mg/kg of body weight daily in 3-4 divided doses may be taken or as directed by the physician.
Children:
- 3-6 months (body-weight over 5 kg): ½ tsp (2.5 ml) 3 times daily; max. 30 mg/kg daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 6 months-1 year: ½ tsp (2.5 ml) 3-4 times daily; max. 30 mg/kg daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 1-4 years: 1 tsp (5 ml) 3 times daily; max. 30 mg/kg daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 4-7 years: 1½ tsp (7.5 ml) 3 times daily; max. 30 mg/kg daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 7-10 years: 2 tsp (10 ml) 3 times daily; upto 30 mg/kg (max. 2.4 gm) daily in 3-4 divided doses.
- 10-12 years: 3 tsp (15 ml) 3 times daily; upto 30 mg/kg (max. 2.4 gm) daily in 3-4 divided doses.
In juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: up to 30-40 mg/kg of body weight daily in 3-4 divided doses may be taken or as directed by the physician.
Side effectsView
Upset stomach, vomiting, heartburn, nausea may occur.
ContraindicationsView
Ibuprofen is contraindicated in patients who have shown the previous hypersensitivity to Ibuprofen, and in patients with severe or active peptic ulceration.
PrecautionsView
Ibuprofen should be used with caution and the lowest effective doses should be given if there is a history of gastrointestinal hemorrhage or ulcer. Patients on long-term therapy with Ibuprofen require ocular monitoring at regular intervals, as changes in ocular function have been reported. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are more likely than others to develop hypersensitivity to Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen should be prescribed with caution in patients with asthma and in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Adverse effects of Ibuprofen on the developing fetus cannot be fully excluded. Ibuprofen should not be used during pregnancy and for nursing mothers unless the potential benefits to the mothers outweigh the potential risks.
StorageView
Keep all medicines out of reach of children. Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light.
Ibutigen
Ibrutinib
Ibutigen
Ibrutinib
Indications
Waldenström's macroglobulinemia
Indication detailsView
Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Ibrutinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) who have received at least one prior therapy.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma: Ibrutinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma with 17p deletion Ibrutinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM): Ibrutinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM).
Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Ibrutinib is indicated for the reatment of patients with marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) who require systemic therapy and have received at least one prior anti-CD 20-based therapy.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma: Ibrutinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma with 17p deletion Ibrutinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM): Ibrutinib is indicated for the treatment of patients with Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM).
Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Ibrutinib is indicated for the reatment of patients with marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) who require systemic therapy and have received at least one prior anti-CD 20-based therapy.
Therapeutic classView
Targeted Cancer Therapy
PharmacologyView
Ibrutinib is a small-molecule inhibitor of BTK. Ibrutinib forms a covalent bond with a cysteine residue in the BTK active site, leading to inhibition of BTK enzymatic activity. BTK is a signaling molecule of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) and cytokine receptor pathways. BTK’s role in signaling through the B-cell surface receptors results in activation of pathways necessary for B-cell trafficking, chemotaxis, and adhesion. Nonclinical studies show that ibrutinib inhibits malignant B-cell proliferation and survival in vivo as well as cell migration and substrate adhesion in vitro.
DosageView
Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Marginal Zone Lymphoma: The recommended dose of Ibrutinib for MCL and MZL is 560 mg (four 140 mg capsules) orally once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM): The recommended dose of Ibrutinib for CLL/SLL and WM is 420 mg (three 140 mg capsules) orally once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The recommended dose of Ibrutinib for CLL/SLL when used in combination with bendamustine and rituximab (administered every 28 days for up to 6 cycles) is 420 mg (three 140 mg capsules) orally once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM): The recommended dose of Ibrutinib for CLL/SLL and WM is 420 mg (three 140 mg capsules) orally once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The recommended dose of Ibrutinib for CLL/SLL when used in combination with bendamustine and rituximab (administered every 28 days for up to 6 cycles) is 420 mg (three 140 mg capsules) orally once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
AdministrationView
Administer Ibrutinib orally once daily at approximately the same time each day.
Swallow the capsules whole with water. Do not open, break, or chew the capsules.
Swallow the capsules whole with water. Do not open, break, or chew the capsules.
Side effectsView
The following adverse reactions are discussed in more detail in other sections of the labeling: Hemorrhage, Infections, Cytopenias, Atrial Fibrillation, Hypertension, Second Primary Malignancies and Tumor Lysis Syndrome. Additional Important Adverse Reactions: Diarrhea, Visual Disturbance.
ContraindicationsView
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.
InteractionsView
CYP3A Inhibitors: Co-administration with strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors should be avoided. If a moderate CYP3A inhibitor must be used, Ibrutinib dose should be reduced
CYP3A Inducers: Co-administration with strong CYP3A inducers should be avoided
CYP3A Inducers: Co-administration with strong CYP3A inducers should be avoided
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy: Ibrutinib, a kinase inhibitor, can cause fetal harm based on findings from animal studies. In animal reproduction studies, administration of Ibrutinib to pregnant rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis at exposures up to 2-20 times the clinical doses of 420-560 mg daily produced embryofetal toxicity including malformations. If Ibrutinib is used during pregnancy or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking Ibrutinib, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown.
Lactation: There is no information regarding the presence of Ibrutinib or its metabolites in human milk, the effects on the breast fed infant, or the effects on milk production.
Lactation: There is no information regarding the presence of Ibrutinib or its metabolites in human milk, the effects on the breast fed infant, or the effects on milk production.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness of Ibrutinib in pediatric patients has not been established.
Geriatric Use: Of the 905 patients in clinical studies of Ibrutinib, 62% were ≥ 65 years of age, while 21% were ≥75 years of age. No overall differences in effectiveness were observed between younger and older patients. Anemia (all grades) and Grade 3 or higher pneumonia occurred more frequently among older patients treated with Ibrutinib.
Hepatic Impairment: Ibrutinib is metabolized in the liver. In a hepatic impairment study, data showed an increase in Ibrutinib exposure. The safety of Ibrutinib has not been evaluated in cancer patients with mild to severe hepatic impairment by Child-Pugh criteria. Monitor patients for signs of Ibrutinib toxicity and follow dose modification guidance as needed. It is not recommended to administer Ibrutinib to patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment.
Geriatric Use: Of the 905 patients in clinical studies of Ibrutinib, 62% were ≥ 65 years of age, while 21% were ≥75 years of age. No overall differences in effectiveness were observed between younger and older patients. Anemia (all grades) and Grade 3 or higher pneumonia occurred more frequently among older patients treated with Ibrutinib.
Hepatic Impairment: Ibrutinib is metabolized in the liver. In a hepatic impairment study, data showed an increase in Ibrutinib exposure. The safety of Ibrutinib has not been evaluated in cancer patients with mild to severe hepatic impairment by Child-Pugh criteria. Monitor patients for signs of Ibrutinib toxicity and follow dose modification guidance as needed. It is not recommended to administer Ibrutinib to patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment.
Overdose effectsView
There is no specific experience in the management of Ibrutinib over dose in patients. One healthy subject experienced reversible Grade 4 hepatic enzyme increases (AST and ALT) after a dose of 1680 mg. Closely monitor patients who ingest more than the recommended dosage and provide appropriate supportive treatment.
StorageView
Store in a dry place below 30°C, protect from light. Keep out of the reach of children.
Icaft
Alcaftadine
Icaft
Alcaftadine
Indications
Prevention of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis
Indication detailsView
Alcaftadine eye drops is indicated for the prevention of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Alcaftadine ophthalmic solution is an H1 receptor antagonist, in a sterile ophthalmic solution for topical ophthalmic use.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic Anti-allergic preparations
PharmacologyView
This eye drops is a sterile topical ophthalmic solution containing Alcaftadine. Alcaftadine is an histamine receptor antagonist and inhibitor of the release of histamine from mast cell. It is also a potent histamine H2 and H4 receptor antagonist that has demonstrated anti-inflammatory property. In doing so, antihistaminic effect provides relief from itching associated with early phase of ocular allergic response, whereas mast cell stabilization inhibits the release of mediators such as cytokines and lipid mediators that play a role in late-phase response of allergic conjunctivitis.
DosageView
Adults and children 2 years and over: Instill one drop in each eye once daily.
Side effectsView
The most frequent ocular reactions are eye irritation, burning or/and stinging upon instillation, eye redness and eye pruritus, nasopharyngitis and headache.
ContraindicationsView
Alcaftadine is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to any component in the product.
PrecautionsView
To minimize eye injury and contamination of the dropper tip and solution, care should be taken not to touch the eyelids or surrounding areas with the dropper tip of the bottle. Patients should be advised not to wear a contact lens if their eye is red. This preparation should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation and should not be instilled while wearing contact lenses. Remove contact lenses prior to instillation this preparation. Lenses may be reinserted after 10 minutes following administration. If more than 1 topical ophthalmic medicinal product is being used, each one should be administered at least 5 minutes apart.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy category B. There are however, no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women, thus this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised while administered to a nursing woman.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 2 years have not been established.
Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between elderly and younger subjects.
StorageView
Store in a cool (15°C - 25°C) and dry place protected from light. Do not use after one month once the cap is opened.
Icefil
Polyethylene Glycol + Propylene Glycol
Icefil
Polyethylene Glycol + Propylene Glycol
Indications
Dry eye
Indication detailsView
This sterile eye drops is indicated for the temporary relief of burning and irritation due to dryness of the eye.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Dry eyes
PharmacologyView
The combination of Polyethylene Glycol 400 & Propylene Glycol is clinically proven to reduce both signs and symptoms of dry eye. The mechanism of action is thought to be due to its unique gelling and lubricating system formulated to adjust to each users individual tear pH. When the ingredients of this eye drops combine with natural tears, a soft gel forms a network of protection over the eye surface. Since it promotes a healthy environment in eye surfaces, damaged surface cells of eye can repair more easily.
DosageView
Instill 1 drop 4 times daily in the affected eye(s) or as needed.
Side effectsView
Generally well tolerated. This sterile eye drops should not be used if allergic condition occurs to any ingredients of the product.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any ingredient in this formulation.
PrecautionsView
Never touch the tip of the container with any surface to avoid contamination. Replace cap after each use.
StorageView
Store in a cool & dry place, protect from light. Do not use longer than one month after the first opening. Keep out of the reach of children
Icid
Sulfacetamide sodium
Icid
Sulfacetamide sodium
Indications
Inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva
Indication detailsView
Sulfacetamide sodium ophthalmic solution is indicated for the treatment of conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular infections due to susceptible microorganisms, and as an adjunctive in systemic sulfonamide therapy of trachoma: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs
PharmacologyView
The sulfonamides are bacteriostatic agents and the spectrum of activity is similar for all. Sulfonamides inhibit bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by preventing the condensation of the pteridine with aminobenzoic acid through competitive inhibition of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. Resistant strains have altered dihydropteroate synthetase with reduced affinity for sulfonamides or produce increased quantities of aminobenzoic acid.
Topically applied sulfonamides are considered active against susceptible strains of the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
Topically applied sulfonamides are considered active against susceptible strains of the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
DosageView
For conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular infections: Instill one or two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two to three hours initially. Dosages may be tapered by increasing the time interval between doses as the condition responds. The usual duration of treatment is seven to ten days.
For trachoma: Instill two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two hours. Topical administration must be accompanied by systemic administration.
For trachoma: Instill two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two hours. Topical administration must be accompanied by systemic administration.
Side effectsView
Bacterial and fungal corneal ulcers have developed during treatment with sulfonamide ophthalmic preparations. The most frequently reported reactions are local irritation, stinging and burning. Less commonly reported reactions include non-specific conjunctivitis, conjunctival hyperemia, secondary infections and allergic reactions.
Fatalities have occurred, although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and other blood dyscrasias
Fatalities have occurred, although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and other blood dyscrasias
ContraindicationsView
Sulfacetamide sodium ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in individuals who have a hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or to any ingredient of the preparation.
PrecautionsView
Prolonged use of topical anti-bacterial agents may give rise to overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. Bacterial resistance to sulfonamides may also develop.
The effectiveness of sulfonamides may be reduced by the para-aminobenzoic acid present in purulent exudates.
Sensitization may recur when a sulfonamide is readministered irrespective of the route of administration, and cross-sensitivity between different sulfonamides may occur.
At the first sign of hypersensitivity, increase in purulent discharge, or aggravation of inflammation or pain, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician
The effectiveness of sulfonamides may be reduced by the para-aminobenzoic acid present in purulent exudates.
Sensitization may recur when a sulfonamide is readministered irrespective of the route of administration, and cross-sensitivity between different sulfonamides may occur.
At the first sign of hypersensitivity, increase in purulent discharge, or aggravation of inflammation or pain, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician
InteractionsView
Sulfacetamide preparations are incompatible with silver preparations.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with sulfonamide ophthalmic preparations. Kernicterus may occur in the newborn as a result of treatment of a pregnant woman at term with orally administered sulfonamides. There are no adequate and well controlled studies of sulfonamide ophthalmic preparations in pregnant women and it is not known whether topically applied sulfonamides can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. This product should be used in pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Nursing mothers: Systemically administered sulfonamides are capable of producing kernicterus in infants of lactating women. Because of the potential for the development of kernicterus in neonates, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Nursing mothers: Systemically administered sulfonamides are capable of producing kernicterus in infants of lactating women. Because of the potential for the development of kernicterus in neonates, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in infants below the age of two months have not been established.
StorageView
Store below 25° C.
Icid
Sulfacetamide sodium
Icid
Sulfacetamide sodium
Indications
Inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva
Indication detailsView
Sulfacetamide sodium ophthalmic solution is indicated for the treatment of conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular infections due to susceptible microorganisms, and as an adjunctive in systemic sulfonamide therapy of trachoma: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic antibacterial drugs
PharmacologyView
The sulfonamides are bacteriostatic agents and the spectrum of activity is similar for all. Sulfonamides inhibit bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by preventing the condensation of the pteridine with aminobenzoic acid through competitive inhibition of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. Resistant strains have altered dihydropteroate synthetase with reduced affinity for sulfonamides or produce increased quantities of aminobenzoic acid.
Topically applied sulfonamides are considered active against susceptible strains of the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
Topically applied sulfonamides are considered active against susceptible strains of the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
DosageView
For conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular infections: Instill one or two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two to three hours initially. Dosages may be tapered by increasing the time interval between doses as the condition responds. The usual duration of treatment is seven to ten days.
For trachoma: Instill two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two hours. Topical administration must be accompanied by systemic administration.
For trachoma: Instill two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two hours. Topical administration must be accompanied by systemic administration.
Side effectsView
Bacterial and fungal corneal ulcers have developed during treatment with sulfonamide ophthalmic preparations. The most frequently reported reactions are local irritation, stinging and burning. Less commonly reported reactions include non-specific conjunctivitis, conjunctival hyperemia, secondary infections and allergic reactions.
Fatalities have occurred, although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and other blood dyscrasias
Fatalities have occurred, although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and other blood dyscrasias
ContraindicationsView
Sulfacetamide sodium ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in individuals who have a hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or to any ingredient of the preparation.
PrecautionsView
Prolonged use of topical anti-bacterial agents may give rise to overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. Bacterial resistance to sulfonamides may also develop.
The effectiveness of sulfonamides may be reduced by the para-aminobenzoic acid present in purulent exudates.
Sensitization may recur when a sulfonamide is readministered irrespective of the route of administration, and cross-sensitivity between different sulfonamides may occur.
At the first sign of hypersensitivity, increase in purulent discharge, or aggravation of inflammation or pain, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician
The effectiveness of sulfonamides may be reduced by the para-aminobenzoic acid present in purulent exudates.
Sensitization may recur when a sulfonamide is readministered irrespective of the route of administration, and cross-sensitivity between different sulfonamides may occur.
At the first sign of hypersensitivity, increase in purulent discharge, or aggravation of inflammation or pain, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician
InteractionsView
Sulfacetamide preparations are incompatible with silver preparations.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with sulfonamide ophthalmic preparations. Kernicterus may occur in the newborn as a result of treatment of a pregnant woman at term with orally administered sulfonamides. There are no adequate and well controlled studies of sulfonamide ophthalmic preparations in pregnant women and it is not known whether topically applied sulfonamides can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. This product should be used in pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Nursing mothers: Systemically administered sulfonamides are capable of producing kernicterus in infants of lactating women. Because of the potential for the development of kernicterus in neonates, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Nursing mothers: Systemically administered sulfonamides are capable of producing kernicterus in infants of lactating women. Because of the potential for the development of kernicterus in neonates, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric use: Safety and effectiveness in infants below the age of two months have not been established.
StorageView
Store below 25° C.
Iclear
Hypromellose
Iclear
Hypromellose
Indication detailsView
Ophthalmic Solution: Hypromellose dye drop is indicated in tear deficiency due to:
- Impaired lacrimal secretion and
- Functional disorders as a result of topical or systemic diseases or
- Caused by deficient or incomplete eyelid closure.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Dry eyes
PharmacologyView
Hypromellose is a semisynthetic, inert and viscoelastic polymer used as an ophthalmic lubricant. Hypromellose acts as a lubricant and artificial tear in the symptomatic treatment of dehydration of the cornea and conjunctiva due to impaired lacrimal secretion and functional disorders as a result of topical or systemic diseases, or caused by deficient or incomplete eyelid closure.
DosageView
Ophthalmic Solution: Therapy of dry eye syndrome requires an individual dosage regimen.
- The usual dose of 0.3% Hypromellose is 1 drop into the conjunctival sac 3 to 5 times per day or as directed by the physician.
- The dose of 0.5% Hypromellose will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's directions.
Side effectsView
Common side effects are brief blurred vision or a slight stinging sensation on instilling Hypromellose. Hypromellose enriched with Carbomer 980 is very well tolerated by users. However, some cases of burning, stinging, allergic reactions or red eyes after instillation have been reported. Transient blurring of vision after administration has also been reported.
ContraindicationsView
Hypersensitivity to this drug or to any ingredient in the formulation or component of the container.
PrecautionsView
If eye pains, changes in vision, continued redness or irritation of the eye are noticed Hypromellose must be discontinued and a doctor should be consulted. If Hypromellose changes color or becomes cloudy, the product should not be used.
InteractionsView
Hypromellose can be used in combination with contact lenses. No compatibility study with lens material is available.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There is no experience regarding the safety of Hypromellose in human pregnancy or lactation. Studies in the pediatric population have not been performed.
StorageView
Store in a cool dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch tip of the tube surface since this may contaminate the gel. After one month of the opening do not use the medicine of tube.
Icol
Chloramphenicol (Ophthalmic)
Icol
Chloramphenicol (Ophthalmic)
Indications
Whipple’s disease
Indication detailsView
Chloramphenicol is indicated for the treatment of ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible organisms. Such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E.coli, H. influenzae, Klebsiella/Enterobacter spp, Moraxella lacunata, and Neisseria species.
Therapeutic classView
Ear Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Eye Anti-Infectives & Antiseptics, Macrolides
PharmacologyView
Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic which acts through the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the transfer of activated amino acids from soluble RNA to ribosomes.
DosageView
Adult and Children: Instill 1 or 2 drops in the conjunctival sac 4-6 times per day for the first 72 hours and then every 4 hours thereafter. Treatment should be continued for approximately 7 days, but should not be continued for more than 3 weeks without re-evaluation by the physician.
Side effectsView
The systemic adverse reaction has not been observed within short-term topical use of Chloramphenicol. The most frequently reported adverse reactions have been burning, stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, blood dyscrasia, allergic or inflammatory reactions, vesicular and maculopapular dermatitis.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to Chloramphenicol or any ingredients of the preparation.
PrecautionsView
Chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution should never be given for minor infections or for prophylaxis. Repeated course and prolonged treatment should be avoided. Blood dyscrasias (granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and moderate anaemia) may occur after prolonged ophthalmic use.
InteractionsView
Chymotrypsin may be inhibited if given simultaneously with Chloramphenicol.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Safety for use in pregnancy and lactation has not been established. Therefore, use only when considered essential by the physicians.
Overdose effectsView
Accidental ingestion of the medicine is unlikely to cause any toxicity due to low content of antibiotic.
StorageView
Store in a cool (between 2°C-8°C) and dry place, protect from light, keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to the surface since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of the first opening.
Iconal
Itraconazole
Iconal
Itraconazole
Indications
Tinea corporis (ringworm)
Indication detailsView
Itraconazole is indicated in-
- Tinea corporis, Tinea cruris, Tinea pedis, Tinea manus,
- Vulvovaginal candidiasis,
- Fungal keratitis,
- Pityriasis versicolor,
- Oropharyngeal candidiasis,
- Onychomycosis,
- Histoplasmosis,
- Systemic Infections: (Aspergillosis, Candidiasis and Cryptococcus when other drugs are effective)
- Antifungal prophylaxis: To prevent systemic fungal infection in severely neutropenic patients.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for subcutaneous and mycoses
PharmacologyView
Itraconazole is an orally active triazole antifungal agent, having broad-spectrum activity and a favourable pharmacokinetic profile. Itraconazole inhibits cytochrome p-450 dependent enzymes resulting in impairment of the biosynthesis of ergoesterol, a major component of the cell membrane of yeast and fungal cells.
DosageView
Tinea corporis, Tinea cruris: 100 mg daily for 2 weeks.
Tinea pedis, Tinea manus: 100 mg daily for 4 weeks.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis: 200 mg twice daily for 1 day or 200 mg daily for 3 days.
Fungal keratitis: 200 mg daily for 3 weeks.
Pityriasis versicolor: 200 mg daily for 1 week.
Oropharyngeal candidiasis: 100 mg daily (200 mg for AIDS patients) for 15 days.
Onychomycosis: 200 mg daily for 3 months; or 200 mg twice daily for 7 days (course), subsequent courses repeated after 21 day interval; fingernails 2 courses and toenails 3 courses.
Histoplasmosis: 200 mg 1-2 times daily.
Systemic Infections: (Aspergillosis, Candidiasis and Cryptococcus when other drugs are effective) 200 mg once daily, increased in invasive or in cryptococcal meningitis to 200 mg twice daily.
Antifungal prophylaxis: To prevent systemic fungal infection in severely neutropenic patients: 100mg daily. Or as directed by the physician.
Tinea pedis, Tinea manus: 100 mg daily for 4 weeks.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis: 200 mg twice daily for 1 day or 200 mg daily for 3 days.
Fungal keratitis: 200 mg daily for 3 weeks.
Pityriasis versicolor: 200 mg daily for 1 week.
Oropharyngeal candidiasis: 100 mg daily (200 mg for AIDS patients) for 15 days.
Onychomycosis: 200 mg daily for 3 months; or 200 mg twice daily for 7 days (course), subsequent courses repeated after 21 day interval; fingernails 2 courses and toenails 3 courses.
Histoplasmosis: 200 mg 1-2 times daily.
Systemic Infections: (Aspergillosis, Candidiasis and Cryptococcus when other drugs are effective) 200 mg once daily, increased in invasive or in cryptococcal meningitis to 200 mg twice daily.
Antifungal prophylaxis: To prevent systemic fungal infection in severely neutropenic patients: 100mg daily. Or as directed by the physician.
Side effectsView
Nausea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, constipation, headache, dizziness, raised liver enzymes, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, peripheral neuropathy have been reported.
ContraindicationsView
The drug is contraindicated in patients with a known history of hypersensitivity to it. The drug is also contraindicated in pregnant women and patients with known severe hepatic disease. It is also contraindicated with Rifampicin therapy.
PrecautionsView
Hepatic enzyme value should be monitored in patients with preexisting hepatic function abnormalities. It should also be done periodically in all patients receiving continuous treatment for more than one month or at any time a patients develops sign and symptoms suggestive liver dysfunction.
InteractionsView
Itraconazole inhibits the metabolism of Cyclosporine and Warfarin. Interaction with Terfenadine, Phenobarbitone, Midazolam has been reported.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Not recommended during pregnancy & lactation, unless otherwise indicated by the physician.
Pediatric usageView
The efficacy and safety of the Itraconazole capsule have not been established in pediatric patients.
Overdose effectsView
There is no experience of overdosage with itraconazole.
StorageView
Store below 30°C, away from light & in a dry place. Keep out of the reach of children.
Icturn
Dinar
Icturn
Dinar
Indications
Jaundice
Indication detailsView
This is indicated in-
- Jaundice
- Hepatitis
- Ascites
- Pleurisy
- Alveolitis
- Constipation
- Uterine inflammation
Therapeutic classView
Herbal and Nutraceuticals
PharmacologyView
Dinar is an effective herbal preparation containing Chicory (Cichorium endivia), Borage (Borago officinialis), Dodder (Cuscuta reflexa) and other natural ingredients. It helps to promotes bile flow, clears the obstructions of liver, gallbladder and billiary passage. Dinar is very effective in jaundice, hepatitis, constipation, metritis, ascites and pleurisy. It acts prebiotic, stimulates the growth and activities of probiotic (beneficial bacteria), which play the vital role as a safe gourd of health.
DosageView
Adults: 2-3 teaspoonfuls twice daily.
Children: 1/2-1 teaspoonful twice daily or as prescribed by the physician.
Children: 1/2-1 teaspoonful twice daily or as prescribed by the physician.
Side effectsView
No significant side effect has been observed in proper dosage.
ContraindicationsView
There is no known contraindication.
PrecautionsView
Keep out of reach of the children.
StorageView
Store at cool and dry place protect from light.
Icykool
Methyl Salicylate + Menthol
Icykool
Methyl Salicylate + Menthol
Indications
Trigeminal neuralgia
Indication detailsView
This cream is indicated for the fast relief of minor aches and pains of muscles & joints associated with-
- Joint Pain
- Back Pain
- Arthritic Pain
- Neck & Shoulder Pain
- Sprains
- Strains
Therapeutic classView
Local Antipruritic, Topical Analgesics, Topical anti-inflammatory preparations
PharmacologyView
This cream is a specially formulated Methyl salicylate and Menthol cream. It penetrates into skin to provide fast relief from pain and stiffness of minor arthritis and muscle aches. This cream is fast-acting, strong medicine that penetrates deep down to provide long-lasting and effective relief. Methyl salicylate has been shown that first-pass metabolism exists in the skin and rapidly hydrolyzing salicylate ester to release the active salicylate in both epidermis and dermis. It alleviates pain and inflammation by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins that occur in inflamed tissues. Menthol increases the penetration of drugs when applied on the skin to give a faster onset of action. It dilates the blood vessels causing a sensation of coldness followed by an analgesic effect.
DosageView
Adult and children 2 years of age and older: Apply a thin layer to the affected area and gently massage until this cream disappears. Apply to the affected area not more than 3 to 4 times daily.
Side effectsView
Redness or irritation may occur, especially in persons with sensitive skin. Adverse reactions possibly involved are mild to moderate local irritation, erythema, rash, desquamation, pruritis and relative local reaction at the application site.
ContraindicationsView
Allergy to salicylate or sensitivity to any of the components. Application to broken skin or raw surfaces is contraindicated.
PrecautionsView
For external use only. Use only as directed. Do not use with a heating pad. Keep away from children to avoid accidental ingestion. Do not swallow. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a poison control centre immediately. Do not bandage tightly. Keep away from eyes, mucous membranes, broken or irritated skin. If skin redness or excessive irritation develops, pain lasts for more than 10 days or with arthritis-like conditions in children under 12, do not use and call a physician.
InteractionsView
Methyl Salicylate is systemically absorbed through the skin in measurable amounts and may increase Warfarin action by affecting Vitamin K metabolism or by displacing warfarin from protein-binding sites.
Pregnancy & lactationView
This medication should be used only if clearly needed during pregnancy or while breast-feeding.
Overdose effectsView
Large amount of topical application may cause absorption through the skin and may cause salicylism. Symptoms of salicylism include tinnitus,hearing loss, nausea, vomiting etc.
StorageView
It should be stored in a cool and dry place, away from light, temperature not exceeding 30°C. Keep out of reach of children.
Icykool Max
Methyl Salicylate + Menthol
Icykool Max
Methyl Salicylate + Menthol
Indications
Trigeminal neuralgia
Indication detailsView
This cream is indicated for the fast relief of minor aches and pains of muscles & joints associated with-
- Joint Pain
- Back Pain
- Arthritic Pain
- Neck & Shoulder Pain
- Sprains
- Strains
Therapeutic classView
Local Antipruritic, Topical Analgesics, Topical anti-inflammatory preparations
PharmacologyView
This cream is a specially formulated Methyl salicylate and Menthol cream. It penetrates into skin to provide fast relief from pain and stiffness of minor arthritis and muscle aches. This cream is fast-acting, strong medicine that penetrates deep down to provide long-lasting and effective relief. Methyl salicylate has been shown that first-pass metabolism exists in the skin and rapidly hydrolyzing salicylate ester to release the active salicylate in both epidermis and dermis. It alleviates pain and inflammation by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins that occur in inflamed tissues. Menthol increases the penetration of drugs when applied on the skin to give a faster onset of action. It dilates the blood vessels causing a sensation of coldness followed by an analgesic effect.
DosageView
Adult and children 2 years of age and older: Apply a thin layer to the affected area and gently massage until this cream disappears. Apply to the affected area not more than 3 to 4 times daily.
Side effectsView
Redness or irritation may occur, especially in persons with sensitive skin. Adverse reactions possibly involved are mild to moderate local irritation, erythema, rash, desquamation, pruritis and relative local reaction at the application site.
ContraindicationsView
Allergy to salicylate or sensitivity to any of the components. Application to broken skin or raw surfaces is contraindicated.
PrecautionsView
For external use only. Use only as directed. Do not use with a heating pad. Keep away from children to avoid accidental ingestion. Do not swallow. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a poison control centre immediately. Do not bandage tightly. Keep away from eyes, mucous membranes, broken or irritated skin. If skin redness or excessive irritation develops, pain lasts for more than 10 days or with arthritis-like conditions in children under 12, do not use and call a physician.
InteractionsView
Methyl Salicylate is systemically absorbed through the skin in measurable amounts and may increase Warfarin action by affecting Vitamin K metabolism or by displacing warfarin from protein-binding sites.
Pregnancy & lactationView
This medication should be used only if clearly needed during pregnancy or while breast-feeding.
Overdose effectsView
Large amount of topical application may cause absorption through the skin and may cause salicylism. Symptoms of salicylism include tinnitus,hearing loss, nausea, vomiting etc.
StorageView
It should be stored in a cool and dry place, away from light, temperature not exceeding 30°C. Keep out of reach of children.
Idatix SR
Indapamide
Idatix SR
Indapamide
Indications
Oedema
Indication detailsView
Indapamide is indicated in the treatment of essential hypertension . It is effective in treating hypertension in patients with renal function impairment, although its diuretic effect is reduced. Indapamide is also indicated for the treatment of salt and fluid retention associated with congestive heart failure.
Therapeutic classView
Thiazide diuretics & related drugs
PharmacologyView
Indapamide is a diuretic antihypertensive. It appears to cause vasodilation, probably by inhibiting the passage of calcium and other ions (sodium, potassium) across membranes. It has an extra-renal antihypertensive action resulting in a decrease in vascular hyperreactivity and a reduction in total peripheral and arteriolar resistance.
DosageView
One tablet daily preferably in the morning. In more sever case Indapamide can be combine with other categories of anti-hypertensive agent. The safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established
Side effectsView
Side effects of Indapamide include headache, anorexia, gastric irritation,nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhoea etc.
ContraindicationsView
This drug must not be taken in the following conditions:
- Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides
- Severe renal failure
- Hepatic encephalopathy or severe hepatic failure
- Hypokalaemia
PrecautionsView
Monitoring of potassium and uric acid serum levels is recommended, especially in subjects with a predisposition or sensitivity to hypokalemia and in patients with gout. Although no allergic manifestations have been reported during clinical trials, patients with a history of allergy to sulfonamide derivatives should be closely monitored.
InteractionsView
Other antihypertensive: Indapamide may add to or potentiate the action of other antihypertensive drugs.
Norepinephrine: Indapamide like thiazides, may decrease arterial responsiveness to norepinephrine.
Lithium: In general, diuretics should not be given concomitantly with lithium because they reduce its renal clearance and add a high risk of lithium toxicity.
Norepinephrine: Indapamide like thiazides, may decrease arterial responsiveness to norepinephrine.
Lithium: In general, diuretics should not be given concomitantly with lithium because they reduce its renal clearance and add a high risk of lithium toxicity.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women and so Indapamide is not recommended. Mothers taking Indapamide should not breast feed.
Overdose effectsView
Symptoms: These could include: allergies, skin rashes, epigastric pain, nausea, photosensitivity, dizziness, weakness and paraesthesia.
Treatment: Treatment is supportive and symptomatic, directed at correcting the electrolyte abnormalities.
Treatment: Treatment is supportive and symptomatic, directed at correcting the electrolyte abnormalities.
StorageView
Store in a cool and dry place. Protect from light and moisture.
Idiopag
Eltrombopag Olamine
Idiopag
Eltrombopag Olamine
Indications
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Indication detailsView
Eltrombopag Olamine is indicated in Chronic Immune (Idiopathic) Thrombocytopenia, Chronic Hepatitis C-associated Thrombocytopenia, Severe Aplastic Anemia.
Therapeutic classView
Haemostatic drugs
PharmacologyView
Eltrombopag is an orally bioavailable, small-molecule TPO-receptor agonist that interacts with the transmembrane domain of the human TPO-receptor. Eltrombopag is a stimulator of STAT and JAK phosphorylation. Unlike recombinant TPO or romiplostim, Eltrombopag does not activate the AKT pathway in any way. It should be noted that when given to patients with aplastic anemia, other lineages besides platelet count were increased, suggesting that either eltrombopag enhanced the effect of TPO in vivo; or there is a yet uncovered mechanism of action at work.
DosageView
Chronic Immune (Idiopathic) Thrombocytopenia-
Chronic Hepatitis C-associated Thrombocytopenia-
Severe Aplastic Anemia-
- Adult and Pediatric Patients 6 Years and Older with ITP: Initiate Eltrombopag at a dose of 50 mg once daily, except in patients who are of East Asian ancestry (such as Chinese, Japanese, Taiwanese or Korean) or who have mild to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A,B,C). For patients of East Asian ancestry with ITP, initiate Eltrombopag at a reduced dose of 25 mg once daily. For patients with ITP and mild, moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A,B,C), initiate Eltrombopag at a reduced dose of 25 mg once daily.
- For patients of East Asian ancestry with ITP and hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A,B,C), consider initiating Eltrombopag at a reduced dose of 12.5 mg once daily. Pediatric Patients with ITP Aged 1 to 5 Years: Initiate Eltrombopag at a dose of 25 mg once daily.
Chronic Hepatitis C-associated Thrombocytopenia-
- Initiate Eltrombopag at a dose of 25 mg once daily. Monitoring and Dose Adjustment: Adjust the dose of Eltrombopag in 25-mg increments every 2 weeks as necessary to achieve the target platelet count required to initiate antiviral therapy. Monitor platelet counts every week prior to starting antiviral therapy. During antiviral therapy, adjust the dose of Eltrombopag to avoid dose reductions of Peginterferon. Monitor CBCs with differentials, including platelet counts, weekly during antiviral therapy until a stable platelet count is achieved. Monitor platelet counts monthly thereafter. Do not exceed a dose of 100 mg daily. Monitor clinical hematology and liver tests regularly throughout therapy with Eltrombopag.
Severe Aplastic Anemia-
- Initiate Eltrombopag at a dose of 50 mg once daily. For patients with severe aplastic anemia of East Asian ancestry or those with mild, moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A,B,C), initiate Eltrombopag at a reduced dose of 25 mg once daily.
Side effectsView
The most common side effects of Eltrombopag in adults when used to treat chronic ITP are: In adult patients with ITP, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 5% and greater than placebo) were: nausea, diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, vomiting, increased ALT, myalgia and urinary tract infection. In pediatric patients age 1 year and older with ITP, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 10% and greater than placebo) were upper respiratory tract infection and nasopharyngitis.
In patients with chronic hepatitis C-associated thrombocytopenia, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 10% and greater than placebo) were: anemia, pyrexia, fatigue, headache, nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite, influenza-like illness, asthenia, insomnia, cough, pruritus, chills, myalgia, alopecia and peripheral edema. In patients with severe aplastic anemia, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 20%) were: nausea, fatigue, cough, diarrhea and headache.
In patients with chronic hepatitis C-associated thrombocytopenia, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 10% and greater than placebo) were: anemia, pyrexia, fatigue, headache, nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite, influenza-like illness, asthenia, insomnia, cough, pruritus, chills, myalgia, alopecia and peripheral edema. In patients with severe aplastic anemia, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 20%) were: nausea, fatigue, cough, diarrhea and headache.
ContraindicationsView
There are no contraindications for Eltrombopag
PrecautionsView
Hepatotoxicity: Monitor liver function before and during therapy.
Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Complications: Portal vein thrombosis has been reported in patients with chronic liver disease receiving Eltrombopag. Monitor platelet counts regularly.
Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Complications: Portal vein thrombosis has been reported in patients with chronic liver disease receiving Eltrombopag. Monitor platelet counts regularly.
InteractionsView
Take Eltrombopag at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after any medications or products containing polyvalent cations such as antacids, calcium-rich foods and mineral supplements.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well controlled studies of Eltrombopag usein pregnancy. In animal reproduction and developmental toxicity studies, there was evidence ofembryolethality and reduced fetal weights at maternally toxic doses. Eltrombopag should beused in pregnancy only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to thefetus.
Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether Eltrombopag is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from Eltrombopag, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue Eltrombopag taking into account the importance of Eltrombopag to the mother.
Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether Eltrombopag is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from Eltrombopag, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue Eltrombopag taking into account the importance of Eltrombopag to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use:The safety and efficacy of Eltrombopag in pediatric patients 1 year and older with chronic ITP were evaluated in two double-blind, placebo-controlled. The pharmacokinetics of Eltrombopag has been evaluated in 168 pediatric patients 1 year and older with ITP dosed once daily for dosing recommendations for pediatric patients 1 year and older. The safety and efficacy ofEltrombopag in pediatric patients younger than 1 year with ITP have not yet been established. The safety and efficacy of Eltrombopag in pediatric patients with thrombocytopenia associated with chronic hepatitis C and severe aplastic anemia have not been established.
Geriatric Use: Of the 106 patients in two randomized clinical trials of Eltrombopag 50 mg in chronic ITP, 22% were 65 years of age and over, while 9% were 75 years of age and over. In the two randomized clinical trials of Eltrombopag in patients with chronic hepatitis C and thrombocytopenia, 7% were 65 years of age and over, while fewer than 1% were 75 years of age and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these patients and younger patients in the placebo-controlled trials, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.
Hepatic Impairment: Hepatic impairment influences the exposure of Eltrombopag. Reduce the initial dose of Eltrombopag in patients with chronic ITP (adult and pediatric patients 6 years and older only) or severe aplastic anemia who also have hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A, B, C). No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with chronic hepatitis C and hepatic impairment.
Renal Impairment: No adjustment in the initial dose of Eltrombopag is needed for patients with renal impairment. Closely monitor patients with impaired renal function when administering Eltrombopag.
Geriatric Use: Of the 106 patients in two randomized clinical trials of Eltrombopag 50 mg in chronic ITP, 22% were 65 years of age and over, while 9% were 75 years of age and over. In the two randomized clinical trials of Eltrombopag in patients with chronic hepatitis C and thrombocytopenia, 7% were 65 years of age and over, while fewer than 1% were 75 years of age and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these patients and younger patients in the placebo-controlled trials, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.
Hepatic Impairment: Hepatic impairment influences the exposure of Eltrombopag. Reduce the initial dose of Eltrombopag in patients with chronic ITP (adult and pediatric patients 6 years and older only) or severe aplastic anemia who also have hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A, B, C). No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with chronic hepatitis C and hepatic impairment.
Renal Impairment: No adjustment in the initial dose of Eltrombopag is needed for patients with renal impairment. Closely monitor patients with impaired renal function when administering Eltrombopag.
Overdose effectsView
In the event of overdose, platelet counts may increase excessively and result in thrombotic/thromboembolic complications.
In one report, a subject who ingested 5,000 mg of Eltrombopag had a platelet count increase to a maximum of 929 x 109/L at 13 days following the ingestion. The patient also experienced rash, bradycardia, ALT/AST elevations and fatigue. The patient was treated with gastric lavage, oral Lactulose, Intravenous fluids, Omeprazole, Atropine, Furosemide, Calcium, Dexamethasone, andPlasmapheresis; however, the abnormal platelet count and liver test abnormalities persisted for 3 weeks. After 2 months follow-up, all events had resolved without sequelae.
In case of an overdose, consider oral administration of a metal cation-containing preparation, such as Calcium, Aluminum, or Magnesium preparations to chelate Eltrombopag and thus limit absorption. Closely monitor platelet counts. Reinitiate treatment with Eltrombopag in accordance with dosing and administration recommendations.
In one report, a subject who ingested 5,000 mg of Eltrombopag had a platelet count increase to a maximum of 929 x 109/L at 13 days following the ingestion. The patient also experienced rash, bradycardia, ALT/AST elevations and fatigue. The patient was treated with gastric lavage, oral Lactulose, Intravenous fluids, Omeprazole, Atropine, Furosemide, Calcium, Dexamethasone, andPlasmapheresis; however, the abnormal platelet count and liver test abnormalities persisted for 3 weeks. After 2 months follow-up, all events had resolved without sequelae.
In case of an overdose, consider oral administration of a metal cation-containing preparation, such as Calcium, Aluminum, or Magnesium preparations to chelate Eltrombopag and thus limit absorption. Closely monitor platelet counts. Reinitiate treatment with Eltrombopag in accordance with dosing and administration recommendations.
StorageView
Store in a cool and dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Idiopag
Eltrombopag Olamine
Idiopag
Eltrombopag Olamine
Indications
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Indication detailsView
Eltrombopag Olamine is indicated in Chronic Immune (Idiopathic) Thrombocytopenia, Chronic Hepatitis C-associated Thrombocytopenia, Severe Aplastic Anemia.
Therapeutic classView
Haemostatic drugs
PharmacologyView
Eltrombopag is an orally bioavailable, small-molecule TPO-receptor agonist that interacts with the transmembrane domain of the human TPO-receptor. Eltrombopag is a stimulator of STAT and JAK phosphorylation. Unlike recombinant TPO or romiplostim, Eltrombopag does not activate the AKT pathway in any way. It should be noted that when given to patients with aplastic anemia, other lineages besides platelet count were increased, suggesting that either eltrombopag enhanced the effect of TPO in vivo; or there is a yet uncovered mechanism of action at work.
DosageView
Chronic Immune (Idiopathic) Thrombocytopenia-
Chronic Hepatitis C-associated Thrombocytopenia-
Severe Aplastic Anemia-
- Adult and Pediatric Patients 6 Years and Older with ITP: Initiate Eltrombopag at a dose of 50 mg once daily, except in patients who are of East Asian ancestry (such as Chinese, Japanese, Taiwanese or Korean) or who have mild to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A,B,C). For patients of East Asian ancestry with ITP, initiate Eltrombopag at a reduced dose of 25 mg once daily. For patients with ITP and mild, moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A,B,C), initiate Eltrombopag at a reduced dose of 25 mg once daily.
- For patients of East Asian ancestry with ITP and hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A,B,C), consider initiating Eltrombopag at a reduced dose of 12.5 mg once daily. Pediatric Patients with ITP Aged 1 to 5 Years: Initiate Eltrombopag at a dose of 25 mg once daily.
Chronic Hepatitis C-associated Thrombocytopenia-
- Initiate Eltrombopag at a dose of 25 mg once daily. Monitoring and Dose Adjustment: Adjust the dose of Eltrombopag in 25-mg increments every 2 weeks as necessary to achieve the target platelet count required to initiate antiviral therapy. Monitor platelet counts every week prior to starting antiviral therapy. During antiviral therapy, adjust the dose of Eltrombopag to avoid dose reductions of Peginterferon. Monitor CBCs with differentials, including platelet counts, weekly during antiviral therapy until a stable platelet count is achieved. Monitor platelet counts monthly thereafter. Do not exceed a dose of 100 mg daily. Monitor clinical hematology and liver tests regularly throughout therapy with Eltrombopag.
Severe Aplastic Anemia-
- Initiate Eltrombopag at a dose of 50 mg once daily. For patients with severe aplastic anemia of East Asian ancestry or those with mild, moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A,B,C), initiate Eltrombopag at a reduced dose of 25 mg once daily.
Side effectsView
The most common side effects of Eltrombopag in adults when used to treat chronic ITP are: In adult patients with ITP, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 5% and greater than placebo) were: nausea, diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, vomiting, increased ALT, myalgia and urinary tract infection. In pediatric patients age 1 year and older with ITP, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 10% and greater than placebo) were upper respiratory tract infection and nasopharyngitis.
In patients with chronic hepatitis C-associated thrombocytopenia, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 10% and greater than placebo) were: anemia, pyrexia, fatigue, headache, nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite, influenza-like illness, asthenia, insomnia, cough, pruritus, chills, myalgia, alopecia and peripheral edema. In patients with severe aplastic anemia, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 20%) were: nausea, fatigue, cough, diarrhea and headache.
In patients with chronic hepatitis C-associated thrombocytopenia, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 10% and greater than placebo) were: anemia, pyrexia, fatigue, headache, nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite, influenza-like illness, asthenia, insomnia, cough, pruritus, chills, myalgia, alopecia and peripheral edema. In patients with severe aplastic anemia, the most common adverse reactions (greater than or equal to 20%) were: nausea, fatigue, cough, diarrhea and headache.
ContraindicationsView
There are no contraindications for Eltrombopag
PrecautionsView
Hepatotoxicity: Monitor liver function before and during therapy.
Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Complications: Portal vein thrombosis has been reported in patients with chronic liver disease receiving Eltrombopag. Monitor platelet counts regularly.
Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Complications: Portal vein thrombosis has been reported in patients with chronic liver disease receiving Eltrombopag. Monitor platelet counts regularly.
InteractionsView
Take Eltrombopag at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after any medications or products containing polyvalent cations such as antacids, calcium-rich foods and mineral supplements.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well controlled studies of Eltrombopag usein pregnancy. In animal reproduction and developmental toxicity studies, there was evidence ofembryolethality and reduced fetal weights at maternally toxic doses. Eltrombopag should beused in pregnancy only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to thefetus.
Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether Eltrombopag is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from Eltrombopag, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue Eltrombopag taking into account the importance of Eltrombopag to the mother.
Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether Eltrombopag is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from Eltrombopag, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue Eltrombopag taking into account the importance of Eltrombopag to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use:The safety and efficacy of Eltrombopag in pediatric patients 1 year and older with chronic ITP were evaluated in two double-blind, placebo-controlled. The pharmacokinetics of Eltrombopag has been evaluated in 168 pediatric patients 1 year and older with ITP dosed once daily for dosing recommendations for pediatric patients 1 year and older. The safety and efficacy ofEltrombopag in pediatric patients younger than 1 year with ITP have not yet been established. The safety and efficacy of Eltrombopag in pediatric patients with thrombocytopenia associated with chronic hepatitis C and severe aplastic anemia have not been established.
Geriatric Use: Of the 106 patients in two randomized clinical trials of Eltrombopag 50 mg in chronic ITP, 22% were 65 years of age and over, while 9% were 75 years of age and over. In the two randomized clinical trials of Eltrombopag in patients with chronic hepatitis C and thrombocytopenia, 7% were 65 years of age and over, while fewer than 1% were 75 years of age and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these patients and younger patients in the placebo-controlled trials, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.
Hepatic Impairment: Hepatic impairment influences the exposure of Eltrombopag. Reduce the initial dose of Eltrombopag in patients with chronic ITP (adult and pediatric patients 6 years and older only) or severe aplastic anemia who also have hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A, B, C). No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with chronic hepatitis C and hepatic impairment.
Renal Impairment: No adjustment in the initial dose of Eltrombopag is needed for patients with renal impairment. Closely monitor patients with impaired renal function when administering Eltrombopag.
Geriatric Use: Of the 106 patients in two randomized clinical trials of Eltrombopag 50 mg in chronic ITP, 22% were 65 years of age and over, while 9% were 75 years of age and over. In the two randomized clinical trials of Eltrombopag in patients with chronic hepatitis C and thrombocytopenia, 7% were 65 years of age and over, while fewer than 1% were 75 years of age and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these patients and younger patients in the placebo-controlled trials, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.
Hepatic Impairment: Hepatic impairment influences the exposure of Eltrombopag. Reduce the initial dose of Eltrombopag in patients with chronic ITP (adult and pediatric patients 6 years and older only) or severe aplastic anemia who also have hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A, B, C). No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with chronic hepatitis C and hepatic impairment.
Renal Impairment: No adjustment in the initial dose of Eltrombopag is needed for patients with renal impairment. Closely monitor patients with impaired renal function when administering Eltrombopag.
Overdose effectsView
In the event of overdose, platelet counts may increase excessively and result in thrombotic/thromboembolic complications.
In one report, a subject who ingested 5,000 mg of Eltrombopag had a platelet count increase to a maximum of 929 x 109/L at 13 days following the ingestion. The patient also experienced rash, bradycardia, ALT/AST elevations and fatigue. The patient was treated with gastric lavage, oral Lactulose, Intravenous fluids, Omeprazole, Atropine, Furosemide, Calcium, Dexamethasone, andPlasmapheresis; however, the abnormal platelet count and liver test abnormalities persisted for 3 weeks. After 2 months follow-up, all events had resolved without sequelae.
In case of an overdose, consider oral administration of a metal cation-containing preparation, such as Calcium, Aluminum, or Magnesium preparations to chelate Eltrombopag and thus limit absorption. Closely monitor platelet counts. Reinitiate treatment with Eltrombopag in accordance with dosing and administration recommendations.
In one report, a subject who ingested 5,000 mg of Eltrombopag had a platelet count increase to a maximum of 929 x 109/L at 13 days following the ingestion. The patient also experienced rash, bradycardia, ALT/AST elevations and fatigue. The patient was treated with gastric lavage, oral Lactulose, Intravenous fluids, Omeprazole, Atropine, Furosemide, Calcium, Dexamethasone, andPlasmapheresis; however, the abnormal platelet count and liver test abnormalities persisted for 3 weeks. After 2 months follow-up, all events had resolved without sequelae.
In case of an overdose, consider oral administration of a metal cation-containing preparation, such as Calcium, Aluminum, or Magnesium preparations to chelate Eltrombopag and thus limit absorption. Closely monitor platelet counts. Reinitiate treatment with Eltrombopag in accordance with dosing and administration recommendations.
StorageView
Store in a cool and dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Idrofos Kit
Ibandronic Acid + Calcium Carbonate + Vitamin D3
Idrofos Kit
Ibandronic Acid + Calcium Carbonate + Vitamin D3
Indications
Osteoporosis
Indication detailsView
This kit is indicated for the treatment and prevention of Osteoporosis. It increases Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and reduces the incidence of vertebral fractures.
Therapeutic classView
Bisphosphonate preparations
PharmacologyView
Ibandronic Acid (Ibandronate Sodium Monohydrate) is a nitrogen- containing bisphosphonate that inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. The action of Ibandronate on bone tissue is based on its affinity for hydroxyapatite, which is part of the mineral matrix of bone. Ibandronate inhibits osteoclast activity and reduces bone resorption and turnover. In postmenopausal women, it reduces the elevated rate of bone turnover, leading to, on average, a net gain in bone mass.
The combination of Coral Calcium and Colecalciferol is composed of Calcium Carbonate with small amounts of Magnesium and other Trace minerals. Coral Calcium ensures better absorption than Calcium of other Calcium Carbonate origin due to its chemical structure that is very similar to the composition of human bone Calcium Carbonate. Vitamin-D aids in the absorption of Calcium from GI tract and helps to maintain Calcium balance in the body.
The combination of Coral Calcium and Colecalciferol is composed of Calcium Carbonate with small amounts of Magnesium and other Trace minerals. Coral Calcium ensures better absorption than Calcium of other Calcium Carbonate origin due to its chemical structure that is very similar to the composition of human bone Calcium Carbonate. Vitamin-D aids in the absorption of Calcium from GI tract and helps to maintain Calcium balance in the body.
DosageView
One tablet of Ibandronic Acid 150 mg once monthly on the same date of each month is recommended. To maximize clinical benefit of Ibandronic acid, two tablets of Calcium 500 mg and Vitamin D3 200 IU per day are usually recommended in divided dosage or as directed by the physician.
Day 1: Take the Ibandronic Acid tablet on an empty stomach at least 60 minutes before the first food or drink (other than water) of the day or before taking any oral medication or supplementation including Calcium, Antacid and/or Vitamins
Day 1: Take the Ibandronic Acid tablet on an empty stomach at least 60 minutes before the first food or drink (other than water) of the day or before taking any oral medication or supplementation including Calcium, Antacid and/or Vitamins
- Swallow tablet whole with a glass of plain water while standing or sitting in an upright position
- Avoid lying down for 60 minutes
- Do not chew or suck the tablet
- Tablets should be taken in order as directed on the blister strip for ease of dose tracking.
Side effectsView
Ibandronic Acid: Common side effects include Hypertension, Dyspepsia, Nausea, Diarrhea, Abdominal Pain, Arthralgia, Back Pain, Localized Osteoarthritis, Myalgia, Muscle Cramp, Influenza, Nasopharyngitis, Bronchitis, Urinary Tract Infection, Upper Respiratory Tract Infection, Headache, Dizziness, Skin rash, Insomnia etc.
Calcium & Vitamin D3: Most common side effects are flatulence, diarrhea, constipation, upper GI discomfort etc. Hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia due to prolong use has rarely been reported.
Calcium & Vitamin D3: Most common side effects are flatulence, diarrhea, constipation, upper GI discomfort etc. Hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia due to prolong use has rarely been reported.
ContraindicationsView
Ibandronic Acid is contraindicated in conditions like: abnormalities of the esophagus which delay esophageal emptying such as stricture or achalasia. Inability to stand or sit upright for at least 60 minutes, Hypocalcemia, known hypersensitivity to Ibandronic Acid.
Calcium & Vitamin D3: Hypersensitivity to any of the component of this preparation. It is also contraindicated in case of hypercalcemia, hyperparathyroidism, hypercalciuria, nephrolithiasis, severe renal insufficiencies, concomitant Digoxin therapy (requires careful monitoring of serum calcium level), renal calculi and Zollinger Ellison syndrome.
Calcium & Vitamin D3: Hypersensitivity to any of the component of this preparation. It is also contraindicated in case of hypercalcemia, hyperparathyroidism, hypercalciuria, nephrolithiasis, severe renal insufficiencies, concomitant Digoxin therapy (requires careful monitoring of serum calcium level), renal calculi and Zollinger Ellison syndrome.
PrecautionsView
Ibandronic Acid:
- Upper Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions: Ibandronic acid like other bisphosphonates administered orally may cause local irritation of the upper gastrointestinal mucosa. Because of these possible irritant effects, caution should be used when Ibandronic acid is given to patients with active upper gastrointestinal problems (such as known Barrett’s esophagus, dysphagia, other esophageal diseases, gastritis, duodenitis or ulcers).
- Hypocalcaemia and Mineral Metabolism: Treat hypocalcemia and other disturbances of bone and mineral metabolism before starting therapy.
- Musculoskeletal Pain: Severe and occasionally incapacitating bone, joint, and/or muscle pain has been reported in patients taking Ibandronic acid and other bisphosphonates.
- Jaw Osteonecrosis: Osteonecrosis, primarily in the jaw, has been reported in patients treated with bisphosphonates. Most cases have been in cancer patients undergoing dental procedures, but some have occurred in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis or other diagnoses.
InteractionsView
Ibandronic Acid: Products containing calcium and other multivalent cations (such as aluminum, magnesium, iron), including milk, food, and antacids are likely to interfere with absorption of Ibandronate. It is also found to interact with H2 blockers such as Ranitidine in several clinical trials..
Calcium (Coral) and Vitamin-D: Oral Calcium can reduce the absorption of tetracycline & fluoride preparations and minimum 3 hours’ time should be allowed between ingestion of these medications. Thiazide diuretics reduce the renal excretion of Calcium. Phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids may induce metabolism of Vitamin D. Concomitant intake of certain foods like spinach, cereals, milk and its derivatives may reduce the intestinal uptake of Calcium.
Calcium (Coral) and Vitamin-D: Oral Calcium can reduce the absorption of tetracycline & fluoride preparations and minimum 3 hours’ time should be allowed between ingestion of these medications. Thiazide diuretics reduce the renal excretion of Calcium. Phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids may induce metabolism of Vitamin D. Concomitant intake of certain foods like spinach, cereals, milk and its derivatives may reduce the intestinal uptake of Calcium.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. This kit should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the mother and fetus.
Nursing mother: It is not known whether this kit is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when this kit is administered to a nursing woman.
Nursing mother: It is not known whether this kit is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when this kit is administered to a nursing woman.
Overdose effectsView
No specific information is available on the treatment of over dosage of Ibandronic acid. However, based on knowledge of this class of compounds, oral over dosage may result in hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and upper gastrointestinal adverse events.
StorageView
Do not store above 30°C. Keep away from light and out of the reach of children.
Ifamide & Mesna
Ifosfamide
Ifamide & Mesna
Ifosfamide
Indications
Testicular cancer
Indication detailsView
Ifosfamide is indicated for use in combination with certain other approved antineoplastic agents for third-line chemotherapy of germ cell testicular cancer. It should be used in combination with Mesna for prophylaxis of hemorrhagic cystitis.
Therapeutic classView
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy
PharmacologyView
Ifosfamide is converted to its active metabolites via hepatic microsomal enzymes. These active metabolites act as alkylating agents, disrupting DNA and protein synthesis of the target cells. It is routinely given with mesna to reduce urothelial toxicity.
DosageView
Lymphoma, Sarcoma, Solid tumours: Different licensed dosage regimens are available.
- Regimen 1: 8-12 gm/m2 divided over 3-5 days, repeat course every 2-4 wk.
- Regimen 2: 6 gm/m2 divided over 5 days, repeat course every 3 wk.
- Regimen 3: 5-6 gm/m2 (max: 10 gm), give as a single 24-hr infusion, repeat course every 3-4 wkly.
Side effectsView
Confusion, alopoecia, nausea, vomiting, phloebitis, somnolence, depression, hallucinations. Wound healing may be impaired during ifosfamide use.
Potentially Fatal: Severe myelosuppression, haemorrhagic cystitis, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, coma.
Potentially Fatal: Severe myelosuppression, haemorrhagic cystitis, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, coma.
ContraindicationsView
Hypersensitivity; severe bone-marrow depression. Pregnancy, lactation.
PrecautionsView
Hepatic or renal dysfunction, compromised bone marrow reserve. Use with mesna and ensure high oral/IV fluid intake to reduce urotoxic effects.
InteractionsView
Causes enhanced toxicity with allopurinol, cisplatin. Ifosfamide enhances the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. CYP2A6 inducers (e.g. amobarbital, pentobarbital, phenobarbital, rifampin and secobarbital) may reduce serum levels of ifosfamide while the inhibitors (e.g. isoniazid, methoxsalen and miconazole) may increase its serum levels. CYP3A4 inducers (e.g. aminoglutethimide, carbamazepine, nafcillin, nevirapine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and rifamycins) may reduce serum levels of ifosfamide while the inhibitors (e.g. azole antifungals, clarithromycin, diclofenac, doxycycline, erythromycin, imatinib, isoniazid) may increase its serum levels.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Category D: There is positive evidence of human fetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk (e.g., if the drug is needed in a life-threatening situation or for a serious disease for which safer drugs cannot be used or are ineffective).
Pediatric usageView
Renal Impairment: CrCl <10: Administer 75% of dose.
ReconstitutionView
Add 20 ml of sterile water for inj or sterile bacteriostatic water for inj containing benzyl alcohol or parabens for each 1 g of the drug to produce solutions of 50 mg/ml.
StorageView
Store at 20-25° C.