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    Gigabac

    Colistimethate Sodium
    IM/IV Injection 4.5 MIU Allopathic Other antibacterial preparation

    Indications

    Bacterial infections

    Indication detailsView
    Colistimethate is indicated for the treatment of acute or chronic infections caused by sensitive strains of certain gram-negative bacilli. It is particularly indicated in the infection caused by sensitive strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Colistimethate is not indicated for infections due to Proteus or Neisseria. Colistimethate is very effective in the treatment of infections due to the following gram-negative organisms: Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
    Therapeutic classView
    Other antibacterial preparation
    PharmacologyView
    Colistimethate is a surface active agent which penetrates into and disrupts the bacterial cell membrane. Colistimethate is polycationic and has both hydrophobic and lipophilic moieties. It interacts with the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, changing its permeability. This effect is bactericidal. There is also evidence that polymyxins enter the cell and precipitate cytoplasmic components, primarily ribosomes.
    DosageView
    Maintenance dose: 9 MIU/day in 2-3 divided doses. In patients who are critically ill, a loading dose of 9 MIU should be administered.

    Renal impairment patients: Dose adjustments in renal impairment patients are necessary. Dose reductions are recommended for patients with creatinine clearance < 50 ml/min. Twice daily dosing is recommended.
    • Creatinine clearance <50-30 ml/min: daily dose 5.5-7.5 MIU
    • Creatinine clearance <30-10 ml/min: daily dose 4.5-5.5 MIU
    • Creatinine clearance <10 ml/min: daily dose 3.5 MIU
    Haemodialysis (HD) patients:
    • No-HD days: 2.25 MIU/day (2.2-2.3 MIU/day).
    • HD days: 3 MIU/day (Should be given after the HD session) Twice daily dosing is recommended.
    Pediatric population: The dose should be based on lean body weight.
    • Children ≤40 kg: 75,000-150,000 IU/kg/day divided into 3 doses.
    • Children >40 kg: >150,000 IU/kg/day has been reported in children with cystic fibrosis.
    Hepatic impairment patients: There are no data in patients with hepatic impairment. Caution is advised when administering colistimethate sodium in these patients.
    AdministrationView
    Direct Intermittent Administration- Slowly inject one-half of the total daily dose over a period of 3 to 5 minutes every 12 hours.

    Continuous Infusion- Slowly inject one-half of the total daily dose over 3 to 5 minutes. Add the remaining half of the total daily dose of Colistimethate for injection to one of the following:
    • 0.9% NaCl
    • 5% dextrose in 0.9% NaCl
    • 5% dextrose in water
    • 5% dextrose in 0.45% NaCl
    • 5% dextrose in 0.225% NaCl
    • Lactated Ringer's solution
    There are not sufficient data to recommend usage of Colistimethate for injection with other drugs or other than the above listed infusion solutions. Administer the second half of the total daily dose by slow intravenous infusion, starting 1 to 2 hours after the initial dose, over the next 22 to 23 hours. In the presence of impaired renal function, reduce the infusion rate depending on the degree of renal impairment. The choice of intravenous solution and the volume to be employed are dictated by the requirements of fluid and electrolyte management. Any infusion solution containing Colistimethate sodium should be freshly prepared and used for no longer than 24 hours.

    Alternative method- As per specialized references for intermittent infusion: Prescribed dose can be diluted in 50-100 ml 0.9% NaCl and administer over 30-60 minutes in IV route.
    Side effectsView
    The following adverse reactions have been reported: gastrointestinal upset, tingling of extremities and tongue, slurred speech, dizziness, vertigo and paresthesia, generalized itching, urticaria and rash, fever, increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), elevated creatinine and decreased creatinine clearance, respiratory distress and apnea, nephrotoxicity and decreased urine output.
    ContraindicationsView
    The use of Colistimethate Sodium Parenteral is contraindicated for patients with a history of sensitivity to the drug or any of its components.
    PrecautionsView
    Colistimethate should be used with caution in patient with impaired renal function. When actual renal impairment is present, Colistimethate may be used, but the greatest caution should be exercised and the dosage should be reduced in proportion to the extent of the impairment. Colistimethate should be used with caution in neonates, infants and children.
    InteractionsView
    Colistimethate should not be given with certain antibiotics like- aminoglycosides and polymyxin due to report of interfere with the nerve transmission at the neuromuscular junction. It should not be given with muscle relaxants e.g., tubocurarine and other drugs including ether, succinylcholine, gallamine, decamethonium and sodium citrate. The concomitant use of Sodium Cephalothin and Colistimethate should be avoided.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    There are no adequate and well-controlled studies about the use of Colistimethate in pregnant women. Since colistimethate is transferred across the placental barrier in humans, it should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is not known whether Colistimethate is excreted in human breast milk. Therefore, caution should be exercised when administered to nursing women.
    Overdose effectsView
    Overdosage with colistimethate sodium can cause neuromuscular blockade characterized by paresthesia, lethargy, confusion, dizziness, ataxia, nystagmus, disorders of speech and apnea. Respiratory muscle paralysis may lead to apnea, respiratory arrest and death. Overdosage with the drug can also cause acute renal failure, manifested as decreased urine output and increases in serum concentrations of B.U.N and creatinine. As in any case of overdose, Colistimethate Sodium therapy should be discontinued and general supportive measures should be utilized.
    ReconstitutionView
    For IM injection: Reconstitute the contents of the vial with 2 ml water for injection only.
    For bolus injection: Reconstitute the contents of the vial with 5 ml water for injection.
    For infusion: The contents of the reconstituted vial may be diluted, usually with 50 ml-100ml 0.9% sodium chloride.
    StorageView
    Before reconstitution: Store below 30°C. After reconstitution: Store at 2°C to 8°C (Do not freeze) and use within 24 hours.

    Gigabac

    Colistimethate Sodium
    IM/IV Injection 1 MIU Allopathic Other antibacterial preparation

    Indications

    Bacterial infections

    Indication detailsView
    Colistimethate is indicated for the treatment of acute or chronic infections caused by sensitive strains of certain gram-negative bacilli. It is particularly indicated in the infection caused by sensitive strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Colistimethate is not indicated for infections due to Proteus or Neisseria. Colistimethate is very effective in the treatment of infections due to the following gram-negative organisms: Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
    Therapeutic classView
    Other antibacterial preparation
    PharmacologyView
    Colistimethate is a surface active agent which penetrates into and disrupts the bacterial cell membrane. Colistimethate is polycationic and has both hydrophobic and lipophilic moieties. It interacts with the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, changing its permeability. This effect is bactericidal. There is also evidence that polymyxins enter the cell and precipitate cytoplasmic components, primarily ribosomes.
    DosageView
    Maintenance dose: 9 MIU/day in 2-3 divided doses. In patients who are critically ill, a loading dose of 9 MIU should be administered.

    Renal impairment patients: Dose adjustments in renal impairment patients are necessary. Dose reductions are recommended for patients with creatinine clearance < 50 ml/min. Twice daily dosing is recommended.
    • Creatinine clearance <50-30 ml/min: daily dose 5.5-7.5 MIU
    • Creatinine clearance <30-10 ml/min: daily dose 4.5-5.5 MIU
    • Creatinine clearance <10 ml/min: daily dose 3.5 MIU
    Haemodialysis (HD) patients:
    • No-HD days: 2.25 MIU/day (2.2-2.3 MIU/day).
    • HD days: 3 MIU/day (Should be given after the HD session) Twice daily dosing is recommended.
    Pediatric population: The dose should be based on lean body weight.
    • Children ≤40 kg: 75,000-150,000 IU/kg/day divided into 3 doses.
    • Children >40 kg: >150,000 IU/kg/day has been reported in children with cystic fibrosis.
    Hepatic impairment patients: There are no data in patients with hepatic impairment. Caution is advised when administering colistimethate sodium in these patients.
    AdministrationView
    Direct Intermittent Administration- Slowly inject one-half of the total daily dose over a period of 3 to 5 minutes every 12 hours.

    Continuous Infusion- Slowly inject one-half of the total daily dose over 3 to 5 minutes. Add the remaining half of the total daily dose of Colistimethate for injection to one of the following:
    • 0.9% NaCl
    • 5% dextrose in 0.9% NaCl
    • 5% dextrose in water
    • 5% dextrose in 0.45% NaCl
    • 5% dextrose in 0.225% NaCl
    • Lactated Ringer's solution
    There are not sufficient data to recommend usage of Colistimethate for injection with other drugs or other than the above listed infusion solutions. Administer the second half of the total daily dose by slow intravenous infusion, starting 1 to 2 hours after the initial dose, over the next 22 to 23 hours. In the presence of impaired renal function, reduce the infusion rate depending on the degree of renal impairment. The choice of intravenous solution and the volume to be employed are dictated by the requirements of fluid and electrolyte management. Any infusion solution containing Colistimethate sodium should be freshly prepared and used for no longer than 24 hours.

    Alternative method- As per specialized references for intermittent infusion: Prescribed dose can be diluted in 50-100 ml 0.9% NaCl and administer over 30-60 minutes in IV route.
    Side effectsView
    The following adverse reactions have been reported: gastrointestinal upset, tingling of extremities and tongue, slurred speech, dizziness, vertigo and paresthesia, generalized itching, urticaria and rash, fever, increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN), elevated creatinine and decreased creatinine clearance, respiratory distress and apnea, nephrotoxicity and decreased urine output.
    ContraindicationsView
    The use of Colistimethate Sodium Parenteral is contraindicated for patients with a history of sensitivity to the drug or any of its components.
    PrecautionsView
    Colistimethate should be used with caution in patient with impaired renal function. When actual renal impairment is present, Colistimethate may be used, but the greatest caution should be exercised and the dosage should be reduced in proportion to the extent of the impairment. Colistimethate should be used with caution in neonates, infants and children.
    InteractionsView
    Colistimethate should not be given with certain antibiotics like- aminoglycosides and polymyxin due to report of interfere with the nerve transmission at the neuromuscular junction. It should not be given with muscle relaxants e.g., tubocurarine and other drugs including ether, succinylcholine, gallamine, decamethonium and sodium citrate. The concomitant use of Sodium Cephalothin and Colistimethate should be avoided.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    There are no adequate and well-controlled studies about the use of Colistimethate in pregnant women. Since colistimethate is transferred across the placental barrier in humans, it should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is not known whether Colistimethate is excreted in human breast milk. Therefore, caution should be exercised when administered to nursing women.
    Overdose effectsView
    Overdosage with colistimethate sodium can cause neuromuscular blockade characterized by paresthesia, lethargy, confusion, dizziness, ataxia, nystagmus, disorders of speech and apnea. Respiratory muscle paralysis may lead to apnea, respiratory arrest and death. Overdosage with the drug can also cause acute renal failure, manifested as decreased urine output and increases in serum concentrations of B.U.N and creatinine. As in any case of overdose, Colistimethate Sodium therapy should be discontinued and general supportive measures should be utilized.
    ReconstitutionView
    For IM injection: Reconstitute the contents of the vial with 2 ml water for injection only.
    For bolus injection: Reconstitute the contents of the vial with 5 ml water for injection.
    For infusion: The contents of the reconstituted vial may be diluted, usually with 50 ml-100ml 0.9% sodium chloride.
    StorageView
    Before reconstitution: Store below 30°C. After reconstitution: Store at 2°C to 8°C (Do not freeze) and use within 24 hours.

    Gigacef

    Cephradine
    Capsule 500 mg Allopathic First generation Cephalosporins

    Indications

    Urinary tract infection

    Indication detailsView
    Cephradine is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These include-
    • Undesirable Upper respiratory tract infections: sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngo-tracheo bronchitis and otitis media, and also
    • Lower respiratory tract infections: bronchitis (acute and chronic), lobar pneumonia and bronchopneumonia.
    • Urinary tract infections: cystitis, urethritis and pyelonephritis.
    • Skin and soft tissue infections: abscess, cellulitis, furunculosis and impetigo.
    The following microorganisms are susceptible, in vitro to Cephradine:
    • Gram-positive: Staphylococci (both penicillin sensitive and resistant strains and penicillinase-producing species), Streptococci, Streptococci pyogenes (beta haemolytic), Streptococcus pneumonia.
    • Gram-negative: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenza, Shigella spp, Salmonella spp (including Salmonella typhi), Neisseria spp Many strains of E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus that produce the enzyme penicillinase and thus are ampicillin resistant, are susceptible to Cephradine which is unaffected by this enzyme.
    Therapeutic classView
    First generation Cephalosporins
    PharmacologyView
    Cephradine is a semisynthetic broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotic, it is active against infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Both penicillinase producing and nonproducing staphylococci are sensitive to Cephradine. The main site of action of Cephradine is the cell wall of bacteria. Cell wall of sensitive organism contains peptidoglycan. Cephradine inhibits cross-linking process and as a result cell wall with many pores are formed, thus lysis of bacteria occur due to external osmotic pressure.
    DosageView
    For oral administration-
    Adults:
    • Urinary tract infections: 500mg four times daily or 1g twice daily. Infections which are severe or chronic may necessitate the administration of higher doses. Where complications arise including prostatitis and epididymitis continued intensive treatment is required.
    • Respiratory tract infections: 250 to 500mg four times daily or 500mg to 1g twice daily, dependent on the site and severity of the infection.
    • Skin and soft tissue infections: 250 to 500mg four times daily or 500mg to 1g twice daily, again dependent on the site and severity of the infection.
    Children:
    • Total daily dose of 25 to 50mg/kg given in two or four equally divided doses.
    • Otitis media: Total daily dose of 75 to 100mg/kg given in divided doses 6 to 12 hourly.
    • Maximum daily dosage: 4 gm
    Elderly: The normal adult dose is appropriate. Patients with impaired renal or hepatic function should be monitored during treatment.

    For injectable administration-
    • Adult: The usual dose is 2-4 gm daily in four equally divided doses up to 8 gm daily. For prophylaxis a single preoperative dose of 1-2 gm intramuscularly or intravenously is given.
    • Children: The dose is 50-100 mg/kg daily in four equally divided doses, up to 300 mg/kg daily in severe infection.
    Side effectsView
    Limited essentially to gastro-intestinal disturbances and on occasions to hypersensitivity phenomena. The latter are more likely to occur in individuals, who have previously demonstrated hypersensitivity and thos with a history of allergy, asthma, hay fever or urticaria. Skin reactions have occasionally been reported. Rare- Glossitis, heartburn, dizziness, tightness in the chest, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vaginitis, candida overgrowth. Skin and hypersensitivity reactions include urticaria, skin rashes, joint pains, oedema.
    • Blood and lymphatic system disorders- Unknown: blood disorders (including thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia and haemolytic anaemia)
    • Immune system disorders- Unknown: Fever, serum sickness like reactions, anaphylaxis
    • Psychiatric disorders- Unknown: Confusion, sleep disturbances
    • Nervous system disorders- Unknown: hyperactivity, hypertonia, dizziness, nervousness; Rarely: Headache
    • Hepatobiliary disorders- Frequency unknown: Liver, enzyme disturbances, transient hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice
    • Renal and urinary disorders- Unknown: Reversible interstitial nephritis
    • Investigations- Unknown: Elevation of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase.
    ContraindicationsView
    Cephradine should not be used in patients with known or suspected hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.
    PrecautionsView
    • Prolonged use of an anti-infective may result in the development of superinfection due to the emergence of resistant organisms.
    • Cephradine should be administered with care to patients hypersensitive to penicillins because of the risk of cross-sensitivity between beta-lactam antibiotics.
    • Cephalosporin antibiotics may cause a positive result in Coombs’ testing. When Coombs testing is performed on neonates whose mothers received cephalosporins prior to labour, it should be noted that a positive result may be due to the drug.
    • Cephradine may cause a false positive urine glucose result when Benedict’s or Fehling’s solutions or tablets such as Clinitest are used in the testing. This does not occur with enzyme-based tests (e.g. Clinistix, Diastix).
    • Dosage adjustment is necessary in renal impairment.
    • This product contains lactose. Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.
    InteractionsView
    The concomitant use of nephrotoxic drugs such as aminoglycosides with Cefradine may increase the risk of kidney damage. Diuretics (e.g. frusemide, ethacrynic acid) and probenecid enhanced the possibility of renal toxicity.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Although animal studies have not demonstrated any teratogenicity, safety in pregnancy has not been established. Cephradine is excreted in breast milk and should be used with caution in lactating mothers. Since the medicine may cause dizziness, patients should be cautioned about operating hazardous machinery, including automobiles.
    Pediatric usageView
    Renal Impairment: The following doses are recommended (based on 500 mg every 6 hours) for patients not on haemodialysis:
    • CrCl: >20 ml/min: 500 mg every 6 hours
    • CrCl: 5-20 ml/min: 250 mg every 6 hours
    • CrCl: <5 ml/min: 250 mg every 50-70 hours.
    Recommendations for patients on chronic, intermittent haemodialysis:
    • 250 mg at the start of haemodialysis
    • 250 mg 6 to 12 hours after the start
    • 250 mg 36 to 48 hours after the start
    • 250 mg at the start of the next haemodialysis session if more than 30 hours have elapsed since the last dose.
    Additional Information for all patients Regardless of patient age or weight, higher doses of up to 1 gm four times daily may be required for infections which are chronic or severe. Treatment should continue for at least 2 to 3 days after symptoms have resolved or bacteria have been eradicated. To reduce the possibility of rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis resulting from infections with haemolytic streptococci, treatment should be continued for at least 10 days. Throughout treatment of chronic urinary tract infections and for several months thereafter, regular bacteriological and clinical monitoring is required.

    Doses below those recommended above should not be prescribed. Paediatric dosages should not exceed those specified for adults, regardless of severity of infection. It may be necessary to continue Cephradine therapy for several weeks in persistent infections. Patients may be transferred from intramuscular/intravenous Cephradine therapy to oral treatment at the same dosage level.
    Overdose effectsView
    The symptoms of Sefrad overdose are non-specific and are generally nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and gastric upsets. Treatment is mainly supportive although gastric lavage will be necessary if a large amount has been ingested.
    StorageView
    Cephradine Suspension should be freshly prepared. Reconstituted Suspension should be used within 7 days if kept at room temperature or within 14 days, if kept in a refrigerator. Cephradine Injection solutions should be used within 2 hours when kept at room temperature. When stored at 5°C, solutions retain potency for 12 hours. Reconstituted solutions may vary in colour from light to straw yellow; however, this does not affect the potency. Do not use later than the date of expiry. Keep all medicines out of the reach of children. To be dispensed only on the prescription of a registered physician

    Gigacef

    Cephradine
    Pediatric Drops 125 mg/1.25 ml Allopathic First generation Cephalosporins

    Indications

    Urinary tract infection

    Indication detailsView
    Cephradine is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These include-
    • Undesirable Upper respiratory tract infections: sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngo-tracheo bronchitis and otitis media, and also
    • Lower respiratory tract infections: bronchitis (acute and chronic), lobar pneumonia and bronchopneumonia.
    • Urinary tract infections: cystitis, urethritis and pyelonephritis.
    • Skin and soft tissue infections: abscess, cellulitis, furunculosis and impetigo.
    The following microorganisms are susceptible, in vitro to Cephradine:
    • Gram-positive: Staphylococci (both penicillin sensitive and resistant strains and penicillinase-producing species), Streptococci, Streptococci pyogenes (beta haemolytic), Streptococcus pneumonia.
    • Gram-negative: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenza, Shigella spp, Salmonella spp (including Salmonella typhi), Neisseria spp Many strains of E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus that produce the enzyme penicillinase and thus are ampicillin resistant, are susceptible to Cephradine which is unaffected by this enzyme.
    Therapeutic classView
    First generation Cephalosporins
    PharmacologyView
    Cephradine is a semisynthetic broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotic, it is active against infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Both penicillinase producing and nonproducing staphylococci are sensitive to Cephradine. The main site of action of Cephradine is the cell wall of bacteria. Cell wall of sensitive organism contains peptidoglycan. Cephradine inhibits cross-linking process and as a result cell wall with many pores are formed, thus lysis of bacteria occur due to external osmotic pressure.
    DosageView
    For oral administration-
    Adults:
    • Urinary tract infections: 500mg four times daily or 1g twice daily. Infections which are severe or chronic may necessitate the administration of higher doses. Where complications arise including prostatitis and epididymitis continued intensive treatment is required.
    • Respiratory tract infections: 250 to 500mg four times daily or 500mg to 1g twice daily, dependent on the site and severity of the infection.
    • Skin and soft tissue infections: 250 to 500mg four times daily or 500mg to 1g twice daily, again dependent on the site and severity of the infection.
    Children:
    • Total daily dose of 25 to 50mg/kg given in two or four equally divided doses.
    • Otitis media: Total daily dose of 75 to 100mg/kg given in divided doses 6 to 12 hourly.
    • Maximum daily dosage: 4 gm
    Elderly: The normal adult dose is appropriate. Patients with impaired renal or hepatic function should be monitored during treatment.

    For injectable administration-
    • Adult: The usual dose is 2-4 gm daily in four equally divided doses up to 8 gm daily. For prophylaxis a single preoperative dose of 1-2 gm intramuscularly or intravenously is given.
    • Children: The dose is 50-100 mg/kg daily in four equally divided doses, up to 300 mg/kg daily in severe infection.
    Side effectsView
    Limited essentially to gastro-intestinal disturbances and on occasions to hypersensitivity phenomena. The latter are more likely to occur in individuals, who have previously demonstrated hypersensitivity and thos with a history of allergy, asthma, hay fever or urticaria. Skin reactions have occasionally been reported. Rare- Glossitis, heartburn, dizziness, tightness in the chest, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vaginitis, candida overgrowth. Skin and hypersensitivity reactions include urticaria, skin rashes, joint pains, oedema.
    • Blood and lymphatic system disorders- Unknown: blood disorders (including thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia and haemolytic anaemia)
    • Immune system disorders- Unknown: Fever, serum sickness like reactions, anaphylaxis
    • Psychiatric disorders- Unknown: Confusion, sleep disturbances
    • Nervous system disorders- Unknown: hyperactivity, hypertonia, dizziness, nervousness; Rarely: Headache
    • Hepatobiliary disorders- Frequency unknown: Liver, enzyme disturbances, transient hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice
    • Renal and urinary disorders- Unknown: Reversible interstitial nephritis
    • Investigations- Unknown: Elevation of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase.
    ContraindicationsView
    Cephradine should not be used in patients with known or suspected hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.
    PrecautionsView
    • Prolonged use of an anti-infective may result in the development of superinfection due to the emergence of resistant organisms.
    • Cephradine should be administered with care to patients hypersensitive to penicillins because of the risk of cross-sensitivity between beta-lactam antibiotics.
    • Cephalosporin antibiotics may cause a positive result in Coombs’ testing. When Coombs testing is performed on neonates whose mothers received cephalosporins prior to labour, it should be noted that a positive result may be due to the drug.
    • Cephradine may cause a false positive urine glucose result when Benedict’s or Fehling’s solutions or tablets such as Clinitest are used in the testing. This does not occur with enzyme-based tests (e.g. Clinistix, Diastix).
    • Dosage adjustment is necessary in renal impairment.
    • This product contains lactose. Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.
    InteractionsView
    The concomitant use of nephrotoxic drugs such as aminoglycosides with Cefradine may increase the risk of kidney damage. Diuretics (e.g. frusemide, ethacrynic acid) and probenecid enhanced the possibility of renal toxicity.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Although animal studies have not demonstrated any teratogenicity, safety in pregnancy has not been established. Cephradine is excreted in breast milk and should be used with caution in lactating mothers. Since the medicine may cause dizziness, patients should be cautioned about operating hazardous machinery, including automobiles.
    Pediatric usageView
    Renal Impairment: The following doses are recommended (based on 500 mg every 6 hours) for patients not on haemodialysis:
    • CrCl: >20 ml/min: 500 mg every 6 hours
    • CrCl: 5-20 ml/min: 250 mg every 6 hours
    • CrCl: <5 ml/min: 250 mg every 50-70 hours.
    Recommendations for patients on chronic, intermittent haemodialysis:
    • 250 mg at the start of haemodialysis
    • 250 mg 6 to 12 hours after the start
    • 250 mg 36 to 48 hours after the start
    • 250 mg at the start of the next haemodialysis session if more than 30 hours have elapsed since the last dose.
    Additional Information for all patients Regardless of patient age or weight, higher doses of up to 1 gm four times daily may be required for infections which are chronic or severe. Treatment should continue for at least 2 to 3 days after symptoms have resolved or bacteria have been eradicated. To reduce the possibility of rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis resulting from infections with haemolytic streptococci, treatment should be continued for at least 10 days. Throughout treatment of chronic urinary tract infections and for several months thereafter, regular bacteriological and clinical monitoring is required.

    Doses below those recommended above should not be prescribed. Paediatric dosages should not exceed those specified for adults, regardless of severity of infection. It may be necessary to continue Cephradine therapy for several weeks in persistent infections. Patients may be transferred from intramuscular/intravenous Cephradine therapy to oral treatment at the same dosage level.
    Overdose effectsView
    The symptoms of Sefrad overdose are non-specific and are generally nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and gastric upsets. Treatment is mainly supportive although gastric lavage will be necessary if a large amount has been ingested.
    StorageView
    Cephradine Suspension should be freshly prepared. Reconstituted Suspension should be used within 7 days if kept at room temperature or within 14 days, if kept in a refrigerator. Cephradine Injection solutions should be used within 2 hours when kept at room temperature. When stored at 5°C, solutions retain potency for 12 hours. Reconstituted solutions may vary in colour from light to straw yellow; however, this does not affect the potency. Do not use later than the date of expiry. Keep all medicines out of the reach of children. To be dispensed only on the prescription of a registered physician

    Gigacef

    Cephradine
    Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml Allopathic First generation Cephalosporins

    Indications

    Urinary tract infection

    Indication detailsView
    Cephradine is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These include-
    • Undesirable Upper respiratory tract infections: sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngo-tracheo bronchitis and otitis media, and also
    • Lower respiratory tract infections: bronchitis (acute and chronic), lobar pneumonia and bronchopneumonia.
    • Urinary tract infections: cystitis, urethritis and pyelonephritis.
    • Skin and soft tissue infections: abscess, cellulitis, furunculosis and impetigo.
    The following microorganisms are susceptible, in vitro to Cephradine:
    • Gram-positive: Staphylococci (both penicillin sensitive and resistant strains and penicillinase-producing species), Streptococci, Streptococci pyogenes (beta haemolytic), Streptococcus pneumonia.
    • Gram-negative: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenza, Shigella spp, Salmonella spp (including Salmonella typhi), Neisseria spp Many strains of E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus that produce the enzyme penicillinase and thus are ampicillin resistant, are susceptible to Cephradine which is unaffected by this enzyme.
    Therapeutic classView
    First generation Cephalosporins
    PharmacologyView
    Cephradine is a semisynthetic broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotic, it is active against infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Both penicillinase producing and nonproducing staphylococci are sensitive to Cephradine. The main site of action of Cephradine is the cell wall of bacteria. Cell wall of sensitive organism contains peptidoglycan. Cephradine inhibits cross-linking process and as a result cell wall with many pores are formed, thus lysis of bacteria occur due to external osmotic pressure.
    DosageView
    For oral administration-
    Adults:
    • Urinary tract infections: 500mg four times daily or 1g twice daily. Infections which are severe or chronic may necessitate the administration of higher doses. Where complications arise including prostatitis and epididymitis continued intensive treatment is required.
    • Respiratory tract infections: 250 to 500mg four times daily or 500mg to 1g twice daily, dependent on the site and severity of the infection.
    • Skin and soft tissue infections: 250 to 500mg four times daily or 500mg to 1g twice daily, again dependent on the site and severity of the infection.
    Children:
    • Total daily dose of 25 to 50mg/kg given in two or four equally divided doses.
    • Otitis media: Total daily dose of 75 to 100mg/kg given in divided doses 6 to 12 hourly.
    • Maximum daily dosage: 4 gm
    Elderly: The normal adult dose is appropriate. Patients with impaired renal or hepatic function should be monitored during treatment.

    For injectable administration-
    • Adult: The usual dose is 2-4 gm daily in four equally divided doses up to 8 gm daily. For prophylaxis a single preoperative dose of 1-2 gm intramuscularly or intravenously is given.
    • Children: The dose is 50-100 mg/kg daily in four equally divided doses, up to 300 mg/kg daily in severe infection.
    Side effectsView
    Limited essentially to gastro-intestinal disturbances and on occasions to hypersensitivity phenomena. The latter are more likely to occur in individuals, who have previously demonstrated hypersensitivity and thos with a history of allergy, asthma, hay fever or urticaria. Skin reactions have occasionally been reported. Rare- Glossitis, heartburn, dizziness, tightness in the chest, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vaginitis, candida overgrowth. Skin and hypersensitivity reactions include urticaria, skin rashes, joint pains, oedema.
    • Blood and lymphatic system disorders- Unknown: blood disorders (including thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia and haemolytic anaemia)
    • Immune system disorders- Unknown: Fever, serum sickness like reactions, anaphylaxis
    • Psychiatric disorders- Unknown: Confusion, sleep disturbances
    • Nervous system disorders- Unknown: hyperactivity, hypertonia, dizziness, nervousness; Rarely: Headache
    • Hepatobiliary disorders- Frequency unknown: Liver, enzyme disturbances, transient hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice
    • Renal and urinary disorders- Unknown: Reversible interstitial nephritis
    • Investigations- Unknown: Elevation of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase.
    ContraindicationsView
    Cephradine should not be used in patients with known or suspected hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.
    PrecautionsView
    • Prolonged use of an anti-infective may result in the development of superinfection due to the emergence of resistant organisms.
    • Cephradine should be administered with care to patients hypersensitive to penicillins because of the risk of cross-sensitivity between beta-lactam antibiotics.
    • Cephalosporin antibiotics may cause a positive result in Coombs’ testing. When Coombs testing is performed on neonates whose mothers received cephalosporins prior to labour, it should be noted that a positive result may be due to the drug.
    • Cephradine may cause a false positive urine glucose result when Benedict’s or Fehling’s solutions or tablets such as Clinitest are used in the testing. This does not occur with enzyme-based tests (e.g. Clinistix, Diastix).
    • Dosage adjustment is necessary in renal impairment.
    • This product contains lactose. Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.
    InteractionsView
    The concomitant use of nephrotoxic drugs such as aminoglycosides with Cefradine may increase the risk of kidney damage. Diuretics (e.g. frusemide, ethacrynic acid) and probenecid enhanced the possibility of renal toxicity.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    Although animal studies have not demonstrated any teratogenicity, safety in pregnancy has not been established. Cephradine is excreted in breast milk and should be used with caution in lactating mothers. Since the medicine may cause dizziness, patients should be cautioned about operating hazardous machinery, including automobiles.
    Pediatric usageView
    Renal Impairment: The following doses are recommended (based on 500 mg every 6 hours) for patients not on haemodialysis:
    • CrCl: >20 ml/min: 500 mg every 6 hours
    • CrCl: 5-20 ml/min: 250 mg every 6 hours
    • CrCl: <5 ml/min: 250 mg every 50-70 hours.
    Recommendations for patients on chronic, intermittent haemodialysis:
    • 250 mg at the start of haemodialysis
    • 250 mg 6 to 12 hours after the start
    • 250 mg 36 to 48 hours after the start
    • 250 mg at the start of the next haemodialysis session if more than 30 hours have elapsed since the last dose.
    Additional Information for all patients Regardless of patient age or weight, higher doses of up to 1 gm four times daily may be required for infections which are chronic or severe. Treatment should continue for at least 2 to 3 days after symptoms have resolved or bacteria have been eradicated. To reduce the possibility of rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis resulting from infections with haemolytic streptococci, treatment should be continued for at least 10 days. Throughout treatment of chronic urinary tract infections and for several months thereafter, regular bacteriological and clinical monitoring is required.

    Doses below those recommended above should not be prescribed. Paediatric dosages should not exceed those specified for adults, regardless of severity of infection. It may be necessary to continue Cephradine therapy for several weeks in persistent infections. Patients may be transferred from intramuscular/intravenous Cephradine therapy to oral treatment at the same dosage level.
    Overdose effectsView
    The symptoms of Sefrad overdose are non-specific and are generally nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and gastric upsets. Treatment is mainly supportive although gastric lavage will be necessary if a large amount has been ingested.
    StorageView
    Cephradine Suspension should be freshly prepared. Reconstituted Suspension should be used within 7 days if kept at room temperature or within 14 days, if kept in a refrigerator. Cephradine Injection solutions should be used within 2 hours when kept at room temperature. When stored at 5°C, solutions retain potency for 12 hours. Reconstituted solutions may vary in colour from light to straw yellow; however, this does not affect the potency. Do not use later than the date of expiry. Keep all medicines out of the reach of children. To be dispensed only on the prescription of a registered physician

    Giloba

    Ginkgo Biloba
    Capsule 60 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals

    Indications

    Intermittent claudication

    Indication detailsView
    Primary uses-
    • Cerebral insufficiency: memory deficit, depression, attention and memory loss that occur with Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia.
    • Vertigo and tinnitus (ringing in the ear) of vascular and involutional origin.
    • Peripheral vascular disease: Improvement of pain-free walking distance in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Stage II according to Fontaine (intermittent claudication) in a regimen of physical therapeutic measures, in particular walking exercise.
    Other potential Uses-
    • Acute cochlear deafness.
    • Sexual dysfunction associated with SSRI use.
    • Protective action in Hypoxia.
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginkgo inhibits binding of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to platelets resulting in inhibited platelet aggregation and increased blood fluidity; reduces thrombosis, improvements in cognition, working memory, short-term visual memory in dementia, short-term memory in cerebral insufficiency, social functioning in people with dementia, concentration in people with dementia, attention in people with dementia, tinnitus in people with dementia, activities of daily living (ADL) scores in people under 60 years old, mood and sleep in older individuals.
    DosageView
    Ginkgo Biloba 60 mg: 1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Ginkgo Biloba 120 mg:1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    No side effects following proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages. In pooled clinical trials involving 10,000 patients, the incidence of side effects produced by Ginkgo Biloba extract was extremely small. There were few cases of headaches, dizziness, palpitation, gastrointestinal disturbances, bleeding disorders & skin hypersensitivity reactions. In higher than recommended doses, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and weakness may occur.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginkgo Biloba should only be used with caution in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents i.e. warfarin, heparin & aspirin. It is also contraindicated in bleeding disorders due to increased bleeding potential associated with chronic use (6-12 months) or before elective surgery. Contraindicated in patients with known risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.
    PrecautionsView
    Before taking this product, tell your doctor if you are allergic to it, have bleeding problems, seizures, convulsions or epilepsy. Ginkgo biloba may decrease the ability of blood to clot. Stop taking this product at least 2 weeks before surgery
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No Known restriction still found during use in pregnancy and lactation.
    Pediatric usageView
    Ginkgo Biloba should not be used in children under 12 years.
    StorageView
    Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from light and moisture. Store in a dry and cool place.

    Giloba

    Ginkgo Biloba
    Capsule 120 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals

    Indications

    Intermittent claudication

    Indication detailsView
    Primary uses-
    • Cerebral insufficiency: memory deficit, depression, attention and memory loss that occur with Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia.
    • Vertigo and tinnitus (ringing in the ear) of vascular and involutional origin.
    • Peripheral vascular disease: Improvement of pain-free walking distance in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Stage II according to Fontaine (intermittent claudication) in a regimen of physical therapeutic measures, in particular walking exercise.
    Other potential Uses-
    • Acute cochlear deafness.
    • Sexual dysfunction associated with SSRI use.
    • Protective action in Hypoxia.
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginkgo inhibits binding of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to platelets resulting in inhibited platelet aggregation and increased blood fluidity; reduces thrombosis, improvements in cognition, working memory, short-term visual memory in dementia, short-term memory in cerebral insufficiency, social functioning in people with dementia, concentration in people with dementia, attention in people with dementia, tinnitus in people with dementia, activities of daily living (ADL) scores in people under 60 years old, mood and sleep in older individuals.
    DosageView
    Ginkgo Biloba 60 mg: 1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Ginkgo Biloba 120 mg:1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    No side effects following proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages. In pooled clinical trials involving 10,000 patients, the incidence of side effects produced by Ginkgo Biloba extract was extremely small. There were few cases of headaches, dizziness, palpitation, gastrointestinal disturbances, bleeding disorders & skin hypersensitivity reactions. In higher than recommended doses, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and weakness may occur.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginkgo Biloba should only be used with caution in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents i.e. warfarin, heparin & aspirin. It is also contraindicated in bleeding disorders due to increased bleeding potential associated with chronic use (6-12 months) or before elective surgery. Contraindicated in patients with known risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.
    PrecautionsView
    Before taking this product, tell your doctor if you are allergic to it, have bleeding problems, seizures, convulsions or epilepsy. Ginkgo biloba may decrease the ability of blood to clot. Stop taking this product at least 2 weeks before surgery
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No Known restriction still found during use in pregnancy and lactation.
    Pediatric usageView
    Ginkgo Biloba should not be used in children under 12 years.
    StorageView
    Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from light and moisture. Store in a dry and cool place.

    Gimrox

    Cefuroxime Axetil
    Tablet 250 mg Allopathic Second generation Cephalosporins

    Indications

    Urinary tract infection

    Indication detailsView
    It is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
    • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Acute Bacterial Otitis Media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae (non beta-lactamase producing strains)
    • Lower respiratory tract infections including pneumoniae, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta lactamase-producing strains), Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli
    • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and Secondary bacterial infections of Acute bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains) or Haemophilus parainfluenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains).
    • Skin and skin-structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Urinary tract infections caused by E.coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.
    • Bone and Joint Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).
    • Gonorrhoea caused by penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
    • Early Lyme Disease (erythema migrans) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi.
    Therapeutic classView
    Second generation Cephalosporins
    PharmacologyView
    Cefuroxime is a well-characterized and effective antibacterial agent, which has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against a wide range of common pathogens, including β-lactamase producing strains. Cefuroxime has good stability to bacterial β-lactamase and consequently, is active against many ampicillin-resistant and amoxycillin-resistant strains.
    DosageView

    Tablet or Suspension-

    Adolescents and adults (13 years and older)-
    • Pharyngitis/tonsillitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: 250 mg b.i.d. for 7-10 days
    • Uncomplicated Gonorrhoea: 1000 mg Single dose
    • Community acquired pneumonia: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • MDR Typhoid Fever: 500 mg b.i.d. for 10-14 days
    • Early Lyme disease: 500 mg b.i.d. for 20 days
    Paediatric Patients (3 months to 12 years)-
    • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 20 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 5-10 days
    • Acute otitis media: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
    • Impetigo: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days

    Parenteral-

    • Adult: 750 mg three times daily by IM or IV injection. In severe infections, dose can be increased upto 1.5 gm three times daily by IV injection. The frequency may be increased to four times daily, if necessary, giving total daily doses of 3 to 6 gms.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 30 - 100 mg/kg/day given in 3 or 4 equally divided doses. A dose of 60 mg/kg/day is appropriate for most infections.
    • Neonate: 30 - 100 mg/kg/day given in 2 or 3 equally divided doses.
    • Surgical prophylaxis: 1.5 gm by IV injection at induction of anaesthesia; up to 3 further doses of 750 mg may be given by IV/IM injection every 8 hours for high risk procedures.
    • Pneumonia: 1.5 gm IV injection twice daily for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 7-10 days.

    • Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis      : 750 mg twice daily (IM or IV injection) for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 5-10 days. (Duration of both parenteral and oral therapy is determined by the severity of the infection and the clinical status of the patient.)
    • In Gonorrhoea: Adult: 1.5 gm as a single dose (as 2 x 750mg injections intramuscularly with different sites, e.g. each buttock).
    In Meningitis:
    • Adult: 3 gm IV injection three times daily.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 200-240 mg/kg/day by IV injection in 3 or 4 divided doses reduced to 100 mg/kg/day after 3 days or on clinical improvement.
    • Neonate: 100 mg/kg/day by IV injection at initial dose, reduced to 50 mg/kg/day, When clinically indicated.
    In bone and joint infections:
    • Adult: 1.5 gm IV injection four times daily.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 150 mg/kg/day (not to exceed the maximum adult dose) in equally divided doses every 8 hours.
    AdministrationView
    The use of freshly reconstituted solution is recommended. However, it maintains potency for at least 24 hours at room temperature or 48 hours at 5o C
    Side effectsView
    Adverse effects to Cefuroxime have occurred infrequently and have been generally mild and transient in nature. Effects reported include rashes and gastrointestinal disturbances. As with other antibiotics, prolonged use may result in the overgrowth of non susceptible organisms e.g. Candida.
    ContraindicationsView
    Cefuroxime is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to Cephalosporins.
    PrecautionsView
    Cefuroxime should be given with care to patients receiving concurrent treatment with potent diuretics & who has history of colitis. Cephalosporin antibiotics may in general be given safely to patients who are hypersensitive to penicillin although cross reactions have reported. Cefuroxime has shown, that is not likely to be a problem at the recommended to dose levels.
    InteractionsView
    No potentially hazardous interactions have been reported.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    US FDA pregnancy category of Cefuroxime is B. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefuroxime have been shown to be excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefuroxime is administered to a nursing woman.
    ReconstitutionView
    For 750 mg intramuscular injection: Add 3 ml water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion.

    For 750 mg intravenous injection: Add 8 ml water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion. The solution should be slowly injected directly into a vein over a 3 to 5 minutes period.

    For 1.5 g intravenous injection: Add 16 ml Water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion. The solution should be slowly injected directly into a vein over a 3 to 5 minutes period.
    StorageView
    Store in a cool, dry place (below 30o C), away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Gimrox

    Cefuroxime Axetil
    Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml Allopathic Second generation Cephalosporins

    Indications

    Urinary tract infection

    Indication detailsView
    It is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
    • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Acute Bacterial Otitis Media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae (non beta-lactamase producing strains)
    • Lower respiratory tract infections including pneumoniae, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta lactamase-producing strains), Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli
    • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and Secondary bacterial infections of Acute bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains) or Haemophilus parainfluenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains).
    • Skin and skin-structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Urinary tract infections caused by E.coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.
    • Bone and Joint Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).
    • Gonorrhoea caused by penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
    • Early Lyme Disease (erythema migrans) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi.
    Therapeutic classView
    Second generation Cephalosporins
    PharmacologyView
    Cefuroxime is a well-characterized and effective antibacterial agent, which has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against a wide range of common pathogens, including β-lactamase producing strains. Cefuroxime has good stability to bacterial β-lactamase and consequently, is active against many ampicillin-resistant and amoxycillin-resistant strains.
    DosageView

    Tablet or Suspension-

    Adolescents and adults (13 years and older)-
    • Pharyngitis/tonsillitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: 250 mg b.i.d. for 7-10 days
    • Uncomplicated Gonorrhoea: 1000 mg Single dose
    • Community acquired pneumonia: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • MDR Typhoid Fever: 500 mg b.i.d. for 10-14 days
    • Early Lyme disease: 500 mg b.i.d. for 20 days
    Paediatric Patients (3 months to 12 years)-
    • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 20 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 5-10 days
    • Acute otitis media: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
    • Impetigo: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days

    Parenteral-

    • Adult: 750 mg three times daily by IM or IV injection. In severe infections, dose can be increased upto 1.5 gm three times daily by IV injection. The frequency may be increased to four times daily, if necessary, giving total daily doses of 3 to 6 gms.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 30 - 100 mg/kg/day given in 3 or 4 equally divided doses. A dose of 60 mg/kg/day is appropriate for most infections.
    • Neonate: 30 - 100 mg/kg/day given in 2 or 3 equally divided doses.
    • Surgical prophylaxis: 1.5 gm by IV injection at induction of anaesthesia; up to 3 further doses of 750 mg may be given by IV/IM injection every 8 hours for high risk procedures.
    • Pneumonia: 1.5 gm IV injection twice daily for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 7-10 days.

    • Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis      : 750 mg twice daily (IM or IV injection) for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 5-10 days. (Duration of both parenteral and oral therapy is determined by the severity of the infection and the clinical status of the patient.)
    • In Gonorrhoea: Adult: 1.5 gm as a single dose (as 2 x 750mg injections intramuscularly with different sites, e.g. each buttock).
    In Meningitis:
    • Adult: 3 gm IV injection three times daily.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 200-240 mg/kg/day by IV injection in 3 or 4 divided doses reduced to 100 mg/kg/day after 3 days or on clinical improvement.
    • Neonate: 100 mg/kg/day by IV injection at initial dose, reduced to 50 mg/kg/day, When clinically indicated.
    In bone and joint infections:
    • Adult: 1.5 gm IV injection four times daily.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 150 mg/kg/day (not to exceed the maximum adult dose) in equally divided doses every 8 hours.
    AdministrationView
    The use of freshly reconstituted solution is recommended. However, it maintains potency for at least 24 hours at room temperature or 48 hours at 5o C
    Side effectsView
    Adverse effects to Cefuroxime have occurred infrequently and have been generally mild and transient in nature. Effects reported include rashes and gastrointestinal disturbances. As with other antibiotics, prolonged use may result in the overgrowth of non susceptible organisms e.g. Candida.
    ContraindicationsView
    Cefuroxime is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to Cephalosporins.
    PrecautionsView
    Cefuroxime should be given with care to patients receiving concurrent treatment with potent diuretics & who has history of colitis. Cephalosporin antibiotics may in general be given safely to patients who are hypersensitive to penicillin although cross reactions have reported. Cefuroxime has shown, that is not likely to be a problem at the recommended to dose levels.
    InteractionsView
    No potentially hazardous interactions have been reported.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    US FDA pregnancy category of Cefuroxime is B. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefuroxime have been shown to be excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefuroxime is administered to a nursing woman.
    ReconstitutionView
    For 750 mg intramuscular injection: Add 3 ml water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion.

    For 750 mg intravenous injection: Add 8 ml water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion. The solution should be slowly injected directly into a vein over a 3 to 5 minutes period.

    For 1.5 g intravenous injection: Add 16 ml Water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion. The solution should be slowly injected directly into a vein over a 3 to 5 minutes period.
    StorageView
    Store in a cool, dry place (below 30o C), away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Gimrox

    Cefuroxime Axetil
    Tablet 500 mg Allopathic Second generation Cephalosporins

    Indications

    Urinary tract infection

    Indication detailsView
    It is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
    • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Acute Bacterial Otitis Media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae (non beta-lactamase producing strains)
    • Lower respiratory tract infections including pneumoniae, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta lactamase-producing strains), Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli
    • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and Secondary bacterial infections of Acute bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains) or Haemophilus parainfluenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains).
    • Skin and skin-structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Urinary tract infections caused by E.coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.
    • Bone and Joint Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).
    • Gonorrhoea caused by penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
    • Early Lyme Disease (erythema migrans) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi.
    Therapeutic classView
    Second generation Cephalosporins
    PharmacologyView
    Cefuroxime is a well-characterized and effective antibacterial agent, which has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against a wide range of common pathogens, including β-lactamase producing strains. Cefuroxime has good stability to bacterial β-lactamase and consequently, is active against many ampicillin-resistant and amoxycillin-resistant strains.
    DosageView

    Tablet or Suspension-

    Adolescents and adults (13 years and older)-
    • Pharyngitis/tonsillitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: 250 mg b.i.d. for 7-10 days
    • Uncomplicated Gonorrhoea: 1000 mg Single dose
    • Community acquired pneumonia: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • MDR Typhoid Fever: 500 mg b.i.d. for 10-14 days
    • Early Lyme disease: 500 mg b.i.d. for 20 days
    Paediatric Patients (3 months to 12 years)-
    • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 20 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 5-10 days
    • Acute otitis media: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
    • Impetigo: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days

    Parenteral-

    • Adult: 750 mg three times daily by IM or IV injection. In severe infections, dose can be increased upto 1.5 gm three times daily by IV injection. The frequency may be increased to four times daily, if necessary, giving total daily doses of 3 to 6 gms.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 30 - 100 mg/kg/day given in 3 or 4 equally divided doses. A dose of 60 mg/kg/day is appropriate for most infections.
    • Neonate: 30 - 100 mg/kg/day given in 2 or 3 equally divided doses.
    • Surgical prophylaxis: 1.5 gm by IV injection at induction of anaesthesia; up to 3 further doses of 750 mg may be given by IV/IM injection every 8 hours for high risk procedures.
    • Pneumonia: 1.5 gm IV injection twice daily for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 7-10 days.

    • Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis      : 750 mg twice daily (IM or IV injection) for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 5-10 days. (Duration of both parenteral and oral therapy is determined by the severity of the infection and the clinical status of the patient.)
    • In Gonorrhoea: Adult: 1.5 gm as a single dose (as 2 x 750mg injections intramuscularly with different sites, e.g. each buttock).
    In Meningitis:
    • Adult: 3 gm IV injection three times daily.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 200-240 mg/kg/day by IV injection in 3 or 4 divided doses reduced to 100 mg/kg/day after 3 days or on clinical improvement.
    • Neonate: 100 mg/kg/day by IV injection at initial dose, reduced to 50 mg/kg/day, When clinically indicated.
    In bone and joint infections:
    • Adult: 1.5 gm IV injection four times daily.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 150 mg/kg/day (not to exceed the maximum adult dose) in equally divided doses every 8 hours.
    AdministrationView
    The use of freshly reconstituted solution is recommended. However, it maintains potency for at least 24 hours at room temperature or 48 hours at 5o C
    Side effectsView
    Adverse effects to Cefuroxime have occurred infrequently and have been generally mild and transient in nature. Effects reported include rashes and gastrointestinal disturbances. As with other antibiotics, prolonged use may result in the overgrowth of non susceptible organisms e.g. Candida.
    ContraindicationsView
    Cefuroxime is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to Cephalosporins.
    PrecautionsView
    Cefuroxime should be given with care to patients receiving concurrent treatment with potent diuretics & who has history of colitis. Cephalosporin antibiotics may in general be given safely to patients who are hypersensitive to penicillin although cross reactions have reported. Cefuroxime has shown, that is not likely to be a problem at the recommended to dose levels.
    InteractionsView
    No potentially hazardous interactions have been reported.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    US FDA pregnancy category of Cefuroxime is B. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefuroxime have been shown to be excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefuroxime is administered to a nursing woman.
    ReconstitutionView
    For 750 mg intramuscular injection: Add 3 ml water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion.

    For 750 mg intravenous injection: Add 8 ml water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion. The solution should be slowly injected directly into a vein over a 3 to 5 minutes period.

    For 1.5 g intravenous injection: Add 16 ml Water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion. The solution should be slowly injected directly into a vein over a 3 to 5 minutes period.
    StorageView
    Store in a cool, dry place (below 30o C), away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Gimrox

    Cefuroxime Axetil
    IM/IV Injection 750 mg/vial Allopathic Second generation Cephalosporins

    Indications

    Urinary tract infection

    Indication detailsView
    It is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
    • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Acute Bacterial Otitis Media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae (non beta-lactamase producing strains)
    • Lower respiratory tract infections including pneumoniae, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta lactamase-producing strains), Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli
    • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and Secondary bacterial infections of Acute bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains) or Haemophilus parainfluenzae (beta-lactamase negative strains).
    • Skin and skin-structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase producing strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes.
    • Urinary tract infections caused by E.coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.
    • Bone and Joint Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).
    • Gonorrhoea caused by penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
    • Early Lyme Disease (erythema migrans) caused by Borrelia burgdorferi.
    Therapeutic classView
    Second generation Cephalosporins
    PharmacologyView
    Cefuroxime is a well-characterized and effective antibacterial agent, which has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against a wide range of common pathogens, including β-lactamase producing strains. Cefuroxime has good stability to bacterial β-lactamase and consequently, is active against many ampicillin-resistant and amoxycillin-resistant strains.
    DosageView

    Tablet or Suspension-

    Adolescents and adults (13 years and older)-
    • Pharyngitis/tonsillitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 250 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 10 days
    • Uncomplicated urinary tract infections: 250 mg b.i.d. for 7-10 days
    • Uncomplicated Gonorrhoea: 1000 mg Single dose
    • Community acquired pneumonia: 250-500 mg b.i.d. for 5-10 days
    • MDR Typhoid Fever: 500 mg b.i.d. for 10-14 days
    • Early Lyme disease: 500 mg b.i.d. for 20 days
    Paediatric Patients (3 months to 12 years)-
    • Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 20 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 5-10 days
    • Acute otitis media: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
    • Acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days
    • Impetigo: 30 mg/kg/day b.i.d for 10 days

    Parenteral-

    • Adult: 750 mg three times daily by IM or IV injection. In severe infections, dose can be increased upto 1.5 gm three times daily by IV injection. The frequency may be increased to four times daily, if necessary, giving total daily doses of 3 to 6 gms.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 30 - 100 mg/kg/day given in 3 or 4 equally divided doses. A dose of 60 mg/kg/day is appropriate for most infections.
    • Neonate: 30 - 100 mg/kg/day given in 2 or 3 equally divided doses.
    • Surgical prophylaxis: 1.5 gm by IV injection at induction of anaesthesia; up to 3 further doses of 750 mg may be given by IV/IM injection every 8 hours for high risk procedures.
    • Pneumonia: 1.5 gm IV injection twice daily for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 7-10 days.

    • Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis      : 750 mg twice daily (IM or IV injection) for 2-3 days, followed by 500 mg twice daily (oral) for 5-10 days. (Duration of both parenteral and oral therapy is determined by the severity of the infection and the clinical status of the patient.)
    • In Gonorrhoea: Adult: 1.5 gm as a single dose (as 2 x 750mg injections intramuscularly with different sites, e.g. each buttock).
    In Meningitis:
    • Adult: 3 gm IV injection three times daily.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 200-240 mg/kg/day by IV injection in 3 or 4 divided doses reduced to 100 mg/kg/day after 3 days or on clinical improvement.
    • Neonate: 100 mg/kg/day by IV injection at initial dose, reduced to 50 mg/kg/day, When clinically indicated.
    In bone and joint infections:
    • Adult: 1.5 gm IV injection four times daily.
    • Children (above 3 months of age): 150 mg/kg/day (not to exceed the maximum adult dose) in equally divided doses every 8 hours.
    AdministrationView
    The use of freshly reconstituted solution is recommended. However, it maintains potency for at least 24 hours at room temperature or 48 hours at 5o C
    Side effectsView
    Adverse effects to Cefuroxime have occurred infrequently and have been generally mild and transient in nature. Effects reported include rashes and gastrointestinal disturbances. As with other antibiotics, prolonged use may result in the overgrowth of non susceptible organisms e.g. Candida.
    ContraindicationsView
    Cefuroxime is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to Cephalosporins.
    PrecautionsView
    Cefuroxime should be given with care to patients receiving concurrent treatment with potent diuretics & who has history of colitis. Cephalosporin antibiotics may in general be given safely to patients who are hypersensitive to penicillin although cross reactions have reported. Cefuroxime has shown, that is not likely to be a problem at the recommended to dose levels.
    InteractionsView
    No potentially hazardous interactions have been reported.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    US FDA pregnancy category of Cefuroxime is B. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefuroxime have been shown to be excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefuroxime is administered to a nursing woman.
    ReconstitutionView
    For 750 mg intramuscular injection: Add 3 ml water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion.

    For 750 mg intravenous injection: Add 8 ml water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion. The solution should be slowly injected directly into a vein over a 3 to 5 minutes period.

    For 1.5 g intravenous injection: Add 16 ml Water for injection to vial and then shake gently for dispersion. The solution should be slowly injected directly into a vein over a 3 to 5 minutes period.
    StorageView
    Store in a cool, dry place (below 30o C), away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Ginax

    Panax Ginseng
    Capsule 500 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    Indication detailsView
    Panax Ginseng capsule is indicated to reduce fatigue and stress, increase vitality strengthens immunity, while recovering after long term fever and weakness, as a stimulant, enhance libido, increase physical endurance, prevents impotence, adjuvant therapy for diabetes. Posses antioxidant property.

    Primary Uses-
    • Adaptogen and general tonic
    • Increased athletic performance and endurance
    • Immunomodulatory effects
    Other Potential Uses-
    • Aphrodisiac; erectile dysfunction and fertility
    • Menopausal symptoms
    • Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Improved pulmonary function in treatment of severe, chronic respiratory disease; additive effect of antibiotic treatment for respiratory tract infection
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginseng is an all-natural & clinically shown to increase body's oxygen uptake which is necessary to help make healthy energy. The pharmacological effects a) adaptogenic b) improvement of physical & mental performance. In human, some evidence suggests that ginseng can improve glycogen utilization, alcohol clearance, serum lipid level, and other metabolic parameters, which is taken as evidence of a pro-homeostasis, adaptogenic effect.
    DosageView
    Capsule: One Panax Ginseng capsule one or two times a day or advised by the physician.
    Syrup: 2 teaspoonfuls 2 times daily after meal or as directed by the registered physician.
    Side effectsView
    Over Ginseng's many years of use, no serious side effects or drug interactions have been reported.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginseng can be taken with any other vitamin, minerals or herbal supplement. No known contraindications according to the German E Commission and World Health Organization (WHO). However, as with any supplement, consult with physician if you are taking prescription drugs.
    PrecautionsView
    Over stimulation and insomnia have also been reported with ginseng and anecdotal evidence suggests that excessive doses may mildly elevate blood pressure and/or cause hyper sexuality. Safety in young children or individuals with severe hepatic or renal disease is not known.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No known restrictions according to the American Herbal Products Association and the German E Commission, but controlled, long-term safety studies are lacking. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), ginseng root is included in prescriptions given during pregnancy, labor and postpartum.
    StorageView
    Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Ginera

    Panax Ginseng
    Capsule 500 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    Indication detailsView
    Panax Ginseng capsule is indicated to reduce fatigue and stress, increase vitality strengthens immunity, while recovering after long term fever and weakness, as a stimulant, enhance libido, increase physical endurance, prevents impotence, adjuvant therapy for diabetes. Posses antioxidant property.

    Primary Uses-
    • Adaptogen and general tonic
    • Increased athletic performance and endurance
    • Immunomodulatory effects
    Other Potential Uses-
    • Aphrodisiac; erectile dysfunction and fertility
    • Menopausal symptoms
    • Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Improved pulmonary function in treatment of severe, chronic respiratory disease; additive effect of antibiotic treatment for respiratory tract infection
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginseng is an all-natural & clinically shown to increase body's oxygen uptake which is necessary to help make healthy energy. The pharmacological effects a) adaptogenic b) improvement of physical & mental performance. In human, some evidence suggests that ginseng can improve glycogen utilization, alcohol clearance, serum lipid level, and other metabolic parameters, which is taken as evidence of a pro-homeostasis, adaptogenic effect.
    DosageView
    Capsule: One Panax Ginseng capsule one or two times a day or advised by the physician.
    Syrup: 2 teaspoonfuls 2 times daily after meal or as directed by the registered physician.
    Side effectsView
    Over Ginseng's many years of use, no serious side effects or drug interactions have been reported.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginseng can be taken with any other vitamin, minerals or herbal supplement. No known contraindications according to the German E Commission and World Health Organization (WHO). However, as with any supplement, consult with physician if you are taking prescription drugs.
    PrecautionsView
    Over stimulation and insomnia have also been reported with ginseng and anecdotal evidence suggests that excessive doses may mildly elevate blood pressure and/or cause hyper sexuality. Safety in young children or individuals with severe hepatic or renal disease is not known.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No known restrictions according to the American Herbal Products Association and the German E Commission, but controlled, long-term safety studies are lacking. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), ginseng root is included in prescriptions given during pregnancy, labor and postpartum.
    StorageView
    Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Gingo

    Ginkgo Biloba
    Capsule 60 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals

    Indications

    Intermittent claudication

    Indication detailsView
    Primary uses-
    • Cerebral insufficiency: memory deficit, depression, attention and memory loss that occur with Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia.
    • Vertigo and tinnitus (ringing in the ear) of vascular and involutional origin.
    • Peripheral vascular disease: Improvement of pain-free walking distance in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Stage II according to Fontaine (intermittent claudication) in a regimen of physical therapeutic measures, in particular walking exercise.
    Other potential Uses-
    • Acute cochlear deafness.
    • Sexual dysfunction associated with SSRI use.
    • Protective action in Hypoxia.
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginkgo inhibits binding of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to platelets resulting in inhibited platelet aggregation and increased blood fluidity; reduces thrombosis, improvements in cognition, working memory, short-term visual memory in dementia, short-term memory in cerebral insufficiency, social functioning in people with dementia, concentration in people with dementia, attention in people with dementia, tinnitus in people with dementia, activities of daily living (ADL) scores in people under 60 years old, mood and sleep in older individuals.
    DosageView
    Ginkgo Biloba 60 mg: 1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Ginkgo Biloba 120 mg:1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    No side effects following proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages. In pooled clinical trials involving 10,000 patients, the incidence of side effects produced by Ginkgo Biloba extract was extremely small. There were few cases of headaches, dizziness, palpitation, gastrointestinal disturbances, bleeding disorders & skin hypersensitivity reactions. In higher than recommended doses, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and weakness may occur.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginkgo Biloba should only be used with caution in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents i.e. warfarin, heparin & aspirin. It is also contraindicated in bleeding disorders due to increased bleeding potential associated with chronic use (6-12 months) or before elective surgery. Contraindicated in patients with known risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.
    PrecautionsView
    Before taking this product, tell your doctor if you are allergic to it, have bleeding problems, seizures, convulsions or epilepsy. Ginkgo biloba may decrease the ability of blood to clot. Stop taking this product at least 2 weeks before surgery
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No Known restriction still found during use in pregnancy and lactation.
    Pediatric usageView
    Ginkgo Biloba should not be used in children under 12 years.
    StorageView
    Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from light and moisture. Store in a dry and cool place.

    Gingoba

    Ginkgo Biloba
    Tablet 120 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals

    Indications

    Intermittent claudication

    Indication detailsView
    Primary uses-
    • Cerebral insufficiency: memory deficit, depression, attention and memory loss that occur with Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia.
    • Vertigo and tinnitus (ringing in the ear) of vascular and involutional origin.
    • Peripheral vascular disease: Improvement of pain-free walking distance in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Stage II according to Fontaine (intermittent claudication) in a regimen of physical therapeutic measures, in particular walking exercise.
    Other potential Uses-
    • Acute cochlear deafness.
    • Sexual dysfunction associated with SSRI use.
    • Protective action in Hypoxia.
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginkgo inhibits binding of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to platelets resulting in inhibited platelet aggregation and increased blood fluidity; reduces thrombosis, improvements in cognition, working memory, short-term visual memory in dementia, short-term memory in cerebral insufficiency, social functioning in people with dementia, concentration in people with dementia, attention in people with dementia, tinnitus in people with dementia, activities of daily living (ADL) scores in people under 60 years old, mood and sleep in older individuals.
    DosageView
    Ginkgo Biloba 60 mg: 1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Ginkgo Biloba 120 mg:1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    No side effects following proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages. In pooled clinical trials involving 10,000 patients, the incidence of side effects produced by Ginkgo Biloba extract was extremely small. There were few cases of headaches, dizziness, palpitation, gastrointestinal disturbances, bleeding disorders & skin hypersensitivity reactions. In higher than recommended doses, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and weakness may occur.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginkgo Biloba should only be used with caution in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents i.e. warfarin, heparin & aspirin. It is also contraindicated in bleeding disorders due to increased bleeding potential associated with chronic use (6-12 months) or before elective surgery. Contraindicated in patients with known risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.
    PrecautionsView
    Before taking this product, tell your doctor if you are allergic to it, have bleeding problems, seizures, convulsions or epilepsy. Ginkgo biloba may decrease the ability of blood to clot. Stop taking this product at least 2 weeks before surgery
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No Known restriction still found during use in pregnancy and lactation.
    Pediatric usageView
    Ginkgo Biloba should not be used in children under 12 years.
    StorageView
    Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from light and moisture. Store in a dry and cool place.

    Gingoba

    Ginkgo Biloba
    Tablet 40 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals

    Indications

    Intermittent claudication

    Indication detailsView
    Primary uses-
    • Cerebral insufficiency: memory deficit, depression, attention and memory loss that occur with Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia.
    • Vertigo and tinnitus (ringing in the ear) of vascular and involutional origin.
    • Peripheral vascular disease: Improvement of pain-free walking distance in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Stage II according to Fontaine (intermittent claudication) in a regimen of physical therapeutic measures, in particular walking exercise.
    Other potential Uses-
    • Acute cochlear deafness.
    • Sexual dysfunction associated with SSRI use.
    • Protective action in Hypoxia.
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginkgo inhibits binding of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to platelets resulting in inhibited platelet aggregation and increased blood fluidity; reduces thrombosis, improvements in cognition, working memory, short-term visual memory in dementia, short-term memory in cerebral insufficiency, social functioning in people with dementia, concentration in people with dementia, attention in people with dementia, tinnitus in people with dementia, activities of daily living (ADL) scores in people under 60 years old, mood and sleep in older individuals.
    DosageView
    Ginkgo Biloba 60 mg: 1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Ginkgo Biloba 120 mg:1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    No side effects following proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages. In pooled clinical trials involving 10,000 patients, the incidence of side effects produced by Ginkgo Biloba extract was extremely small. There were few cases of headaches, dizziness, palpitation, gastrointestinal disturbances, bleeding disorders & skin hypersensitivity reactions. In higher than recommended doses, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and weakness may occur.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginkgo Biloba should only be used with caution in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents i.e. warfarin, heparin & aspirin. It is also contraindicated in bleeding disorders due to increased bleeding potential associated with chronic use (6-12 months) or before elective surgery. Contraindicated in patients with known risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.
    PrecautionsView
    Before taking this product, tell your doctor if you are allergic to it, have bleeding problems, seizures, convulsions or epilepsy. Ginkgo biloba may decrease the ability of blood to clot. Stop taking this product at least 2 weeks before surgery
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No Known restriction still found during use in pregnancy and lactation.
    Pediatric usageView
    Ginkgo Biloba should not be used in children under 12 years.
    StorageView
    Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from light and moisture. Store in a dry and cool place.

    Ginkgo-B

    Ginkgo Biloba
    Capsule 60 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals

    Indications

    Intermittent claudication

    Indication detailsView
    Primary uses-
    • Cerebral insufficiency: memory deficit, depression, attention and memory loss that occur with Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia.
    • Vertigo and tinnitus (ringing in the ear) of vascular and involutional origin.
    • Peripheral vascular disease: Improvement of pain-free walking distance in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Stage II according to Fontaine (intermittent claudication) in a regimen of physical therapeutic measures, in particular walking exercise.
    Other potential Uses-
    • Acute cochlear deafness.
    • Sexual dysfunction associated with SSRI use.
    • Protective action in Hypoxia.
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginkgo inhibits binding of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to platelets resulting in inhibited platelet aggregation and increased blood fluidity; reduces thrombosis, improvements in cognition, working memory, short-term visual memory in dementia, short-term memory in cerebral insufficiency, social functioning in people with dementia, concentration in people with dementia, attention in people with dementia, tinnitus in people with dementia, activities of daily living (ADL) scores in people under 60 years old, mood and sleep in older individuals.
    DosageView
    Ginkgo Biloba 60 mg: 1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Ginkgo Biloba 120 mg:1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    No side effects following proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages. In pooled clinical trials involving 10,000 patients, the incidence of side effects produced by Ginkgo Biloba extract was extremely small. There were few cases of headaches, dizziness, palpitation, gastrointestinal disturbances, bleeding disorders & skin hypersensitivity reactions. In higher than recommended doses, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and weakness may occur.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginkgo Biloba should only be used with caution in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents i.e. warfarin, heparin & aspirin. It is also contraindicated in bleeding disorders due to increased bleeding potential associated with chronic use (6-12 months) or before elective surgery. Contraindicated in patients with known risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.
    PrecautionsView
    Before taking this product, tell your doctor if you are allergic to it, have bleeding problems, seizures, convulsions or epilepsy. Ginkgo biloba may decrease the ability of blood to clot. Stop taking this product at least 2 weeks before surgery
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No Known restriction still found during use in pregnancy and lactation.
    Pediatric usageView
    Ginkgo Biloba should not be used in children under 12 years.
    StorageView
    Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from light and moisture. Store in a dry and cool place.

    Ginoba

    Ginkgo Biloba
    Capsule 60 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals

    Indications

    Intermittent claudication

    Indication detailsView
    Primary uses-
    • Cerebral insufficiency: memory deficit, depression, attention and memory loss that occur with Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia.
    • Vertigo and tinnitus (ringing in the ear) of vascular and involutional origin.
    • Peripheral vascular disease: Improvement of pain-free walking distance in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Stage II according to Fontaine (intermittent claudication) in a regimen of physical therapeutic measures, in particular walking exercise.
    Other potential Uses-
    • Acute cochlear deafness.
    • Sexual dysfunction associated with SSRI use.
    • Protective action in Hypoxia.
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginkgo inhibits binding of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to platelets resulting in inhibited platelet aggregation and increased blood fluidity; reduces thrombosis, improvements in cognition, working memory, short-term visual memory in dementia, short-term memory in cerebral insufficiency, social functioning in people with dementia, concentration in people with dementia, attention in people with dementia, tinnitus in people with dementia, activities of daily living (ADL) scores in people under 60 years old, mood and sleep in older individuals.
    DosageView
    Ginkgo Biloba 60 mg: 1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Ginkgo Biloba 120 mg:1 or 2 capsules daily or as advised by the physician.
    Side effectsView
    No side effects following proper administration of designated therapeutic dosages. In pooled clinical trials involving 10,000 patients, the incidence of side effects produced by Ginkgo Biloba extract was extremely small. There were few cases of headaches, dizziness, palpitation, gastrointestinal disturbances, bleeding disorders & skin hypersensitivity reactions. In higher than recommended doses, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and weakness may occur.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginkgo Biloba should only be used with caution in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents i.e. warfarin, heparin & aspirin. It is also contraindicated in bleeding disorders due to increased bleeding potential associated with chronic use (6-12 months) or before elective surgery. Contraindicated in patients with known risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.
    PrecautionsView
    Before taking this product, tell your doctor if you are allergic to it, have bleeding problems, seizures, convulsions or epilepsy. Ginkgo biloba may decrease the ability of blood to clot. Stop taking this product at least 2 weeks before surgery
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No Known restriction still found during use in pregnancy and lactation.
    Pediatric usageView
    Ginkgo Biloba should not be used in children under 12 years.
    StorageView
    Keep out of the reach of children. Keep away from light and moisture. Store in a dry and cool place.

    Ginsina

    Panax Ginseng
    Capsule 500 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    Indication detailsView
    Panax Ginseng capsule is indicated to reduce fatigue and stress, increase vitality strengthens immunity, while recovering after long term fever and weakness, as a stimulant, enhance libido, increase physical endurance, prevents impotence, adjuvant therapy for diabetes. Posses antioxidant property.

    Primary Uses-
    • Adaptogen and general tonic
    • Increased athletic performance and endurance
    • Immunomodulatory effects
    Other Potential Uses-
    • Aphrodisiac; erectile dysfunction and fertility
    • Menopausal symptoms
    • Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Improved pulmonary function in treatment of severe, chronic respiratory disease; additive effect of antibiotic treatment for respiratory tract infection
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginseng is an all-natural & clinically shown to increase body's oxygen uptake which is necessary to help make healthy energy. The pharmacological effects a) adaptogenic b) improvement of physical & mental performance. In human, some evidence suggests that ginseng can improve glycogen utilization, alcohol clearance, serum lipid level, and other metabolic parameters, which is taken as evidence of a pro-homeostasis, adaptogenic effect.
    DosageView
    Capsule: One Panax Ginseng capsule one or two times a day or advised by the physician.
    Syrup: 2 teaspoonfuls 2 times daily after meal or as directed by the registered physician.
    Side effectsView
    Over Ginseng's many years of use, no serious side effects or drug interactions have been reported.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginseng can be taken with any other vitamin, minerals or herbal supplement. No known contraindications according to the German E Commission and World Health Organization (WHO). However, as with any supplement, consult with physician if you are taking prescription drugs.
    PrecautionsView
    Over stimulation and insomnia have also been reported with ginseng and anecdotal evidence suggests that excessive doses may mildly elevate blood pressure and/or cause hyper sexuality. Safety in young children or individuals with severe hepatic or renal disease is not known.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No known restrictions according to the American Herbal Products Association and the German E Commission, but controlled, long-term safety studies are lacking. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), ginseng root is included in prescriptions given during pregnancy, labor and postpartum.
    StorageView
    Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

    Gintex

    Panax Ginseng
    Capsule 500 mg Herbal Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    Indication detailsView
    Panax Ginseng capsule is indicated to reduce fatigue and stress, increase vitality strengthens immunity, while recovering after long term fever and weakness, as a stimulant, enhance libido, increase physical endurance, prevents impotence, adjuvant therapy for diabetes. Posses antioxidant property.

    Primary Uses-
    • Adaptogen and general tonic
    • Increased athletic performance and endurance
    • Immunomodulatory effects
    Other Potential Uses-
    • Aphrodisiac; erectile dysfunction and fertility
    • Menopausal symptoms
    • Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Improved pulmonary function in treatment of severe, chronic respiratory disease; additive effect of antibiotic treatment for respiratory tract infection
    Therapeutic classView
    Herbal and Nutraceuticals
    PharmacologyView
    Ginseng is an all-natural & clinically shown to increase body's oxygen uptake which is necessary to help make healthy energy. The pharmacological effects a) adaptogenic b) improvement of physical & mental performance. In human, some evidence suggests that ginseng can improve glycogen utilization, alcohol clearance, serum lipid level, and other metabolic parameters, which is taken as evidence of a pro-homeostasis, adaptogenic effect.
    DosageView
    Capsule: One Panax Ginseng capsule one or two times a day or advised by the physician.
    Syrup: 2 teaspoonfuls 2 times daily after meal or as directed by the registered physician.
    Side effectsView
    Over Ginseng's many years of use, no serious side effects or drug interactions have been reported.
    ContraindicationsView
    Ginseng can be taken with any other vitamin, minerals or herbal supplement. No known contraindications according to the German E Commission and World Health Organization (WHO). However, as with any supplement, consult with physician if you are taking prescription drugs.
    PrecautionsView
    Over stimulation and insomnia have also been reported with ginseng and anecdotal evidence suggests that excessive doses may mildly elevate blood pressure and/or cause hyper sexuality. Safety in young children or individuals with severe hepatic or renal disease is not known.
    Pregnancy & lactationView
    No known restrictions according to the American Herbal Products Association and the German E Commission, but controlled, long-term safety studies are lacking. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), ginseng root is included in prescriptions given during pregnancy, labor and postpartum.
    StorageView
    Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.