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Fematos
Ferric Carboxymaltose
Fematos
Ferric Carboxymaltose
Indications
Iron deficiency anemia
Indication detailsView
Ferric Carboxymaltose is indicated for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in adult patients-
- Who have intolerance to oral iron or have had unsatisfactory response to oral iron
- Who have non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease.
Therapeutic classView
Parenteral Iron Preparations
PharmacologyView
Non-dextran, IV is a colloidal iron hydroxide in complex with carboxymaltose, a carbohydrate polymer that releases iron; replaces iron stores found in hemoglobin, myoglobin, and enzymes; works to transport oxygen via hemoglobin Macrophage engulf FCM from blood and control iron release. Transferrin saturates and, Iron into the liver, spleen and Bone marrow.
DosageView
For patients weighing 50 kg or more: Give Ferric Carboxymaltose in two doses separated by at least 7 days. Give each dose as 750 mg for a total cumulative dose not to exceed 1500 mg of iron per course.
For patients weighing less than 50 kg: Give Ferric Carboxymaltose in two doses separated by at least 7 days. Give each dose as 15 mg/kg body weight for a total cumulative dose not to exceed 1500 mg of iron per course.
The dosage of Ferric Carboxymaltose is expressed in mg of elemental iron. Each mL of Ferric Carboxymaltose contains 50 mg of elemental iron. Ferric Carboxymaltose treatment may be repeated if iron deficiency anemia reoccurs.
Administer Ferric Carboxymaltose intravenously, either as an undiluted slow intravenous push or by infusion. When administering as a slow intravenous push, give at the rate of approximately 100 mg (2 mL) per minute. When administered via infusion, dilute up to 750 mg of iron in no more than 250 mL of sterile 0.9% sodium chloride injection, USP, such that the concentration of the infusion is not less than 2 mg of iron per mL and administer over at least 15 minutes.
When added to an infusion bag containing 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, at concentrations ranging from 2 mg to 4 mg of iron per mL, Ferric Carboxymaltose solution is physically and chemically stable for 72 hours when stored at room temperature. To maintain stability, do not dilute to concentrations less than 2 mg iron/mL.
Inspect parenteral drug products visually for the absence of particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. The product contains no preservatives. Each vial of Ferric Carboxymaltose is intended for single use only. Any unused drug remaining after injection must be discarded.
Avoid extravasation of Ferric Carboxymaltose since brown discoloration of the extravasation site may be long lasting. Monitor for extravasation. If extravasation occurs, discontinue the Ferric Carboxymaltose administration at that site.
For patients weighing less than 50 kg: Give Ferric Carboxymaltose in two doses separated by at least 7 days. Give each dose as 15 mg/kg body weight for a total cumulative dose not to exceed 1500 mg of iron per course.
The dosage of Ferric Carboxymaltose is expressed in mg of elemental iron. Each mL of Ferric Carboxymaltose contains 50 mg of elemental iron. Ferric Carboxymaltose treatment may be repeated if iron deficiency anemia reoccurs.
Administer Ferric Carboxymaltose intravenously, either as an undiluted slow intravenous push or by infusion. When administering as a slow intravenous push, give at the rate of approximately 100 mg (2 mL) per minute. When administered via infusion, dilute up to 750 mg of iron in no more than 250 mL of sterile 0.9% sodium chloride injection, USP, such that the concentration of the infusion is not less than 2 mg of iron per mL and administer over at least 15 minutes.
When added to an infusion bag containing 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, at concentrations ranging from 2 mg to 4 mg of iron per mL, Ferric Carboxymaltose solution is physically and chemically stable for 72 hours when stored at room temperature. To maintain stability, do not dilute to concentrations less than 2 mg iron/mL.
Inspect parenteral drug products visually for the absence of particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. The product contains no preservatives. Each vial of Ferric Carboxymaltose is intended for single use only. Any unused drug remaining after injection must be discarded.
Avoid extravasation of Ferric Carboxymaltose since brown discoloration of the extravasation site may be long lasting. Monitor for extravasation. If extravasation occurs, discontinue the Ferric Carboxymaltose administration at that site.
Side effectsView
Nausea, Hypertension, Flushing, Decreased blood phosphorus, Dizziness, Vomiting, Pruritus, Rash, Urticaria, Wheezing, Injection site discoloration, Headache, Increased alanine aminotransferase), Dysgeusia, Hypotension, Constipation, Serious anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions
ContraindicationsView
Hypersensitivity to any of its components.
PrecautionsView
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic-type reactions, some of which have been life-threatening and fatal, have been reported in patients receiving Ferric carboxymaltose. Patients may present with shock, clinically significant hypotension, loss of consciousness, and/or collapse. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity during and after Ferric carboxymaltose administration for at least 30 minutes and until clinically stable following completion of the infusion. Only administer Ferric carboxymaltose when personnel and therapies are immediately available for the treatment of serious hypersensitivity reactions. Other serious or severe adverse reactions potentially associated with hypersensitivity which included, but not limited to, pruritus, rash, urticaria, wheezing, or hypotension may occur.
Hypertension: Transient elevations in systolic blood pressure, sometimes occurring with facial flushing, dizziness, or nausea were observed. These elevations generally occurred immediately after dosing and resolved within 30 minutes. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of hypertension following each Ferric carboxymaltose administration.
Hypertension: Transient elevations in systolic blood pressure, sometimes occurring with facial flushing, dizziness, or nausea were observed. These elevations generally occurred immediately after dosing and resolved within 30 minutes. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of hypertension following each Ferric carboxymaltose administration.
InteractionsView
There are no known drug interactions and none well documented.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks
StorageView
Do not store above 30°C. Do not freeze.
Femavit Forte
Carbonyl Iron + Folic Acid + Zinc Sulfate + Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C
Femavit Forte
Carbonyl Iron + Folic Acid + Zinc Sulfate + Vitamin B Complex + Vitamin C
Indications
Vitamin or mineral supplement
Indication detailsView
This capsule is indicated for the treatment and prophylaxis of iron, folic acid, zinc, vitamin-B complex and vitamin-C deficiency, especially during pregnancy and lactation.
Therapeutic classView
Iron, Vitamin & Mineral Combined preparation
PharmacologyView
- Carbonyl Iron is more effective and safer choice of Iron supplementation as it has higher bioavailability, low toxicity and better Gl tolerance.
- Folic acid is required to maintain normal healthy development of the neural tube and is vital for cell division from a single cell to a fully developed baby.
- Vitamin B Complex is required for the growth and development of unborn babies.
- Vitamin C plays a role In the structure of collagen in the fetal membrane.
- Zinc is a critical nutrient for fetal growth & development, central nervous system development & function and ensures better maternal & infant health
DosageView
Adult: One capsule daily before food or as directed by the physician.
Use in Children & Adolescents: Upon consultation with a doctor, recommended to use in children & adolescents.
Use in Children & Adolescents: Upon consultation with a doctor, recommended to use in children & adolescents.
Side effectsView
Allergic sensitization has been reported following oral administration of Folic acid. Oral iron preparation may cause constipation, particularly in older patients.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients. Iron therapy is contraindicated in the presence of haemolytic anaemia.
PrecautionsView
Care should be taken in patients who may develop iron overload, such as those with hemochromatosis, hemolytic anemia or red cell aplasia. Iron chelates with tetracycline and absorption may be impaired.
InteractionsView
Carbonyl Iron decreases the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics, quinolone antibiotics, levodopa, levothyroxine, methyldopa and penicillamine. Folic Acid interacts with antiepileptics, so plasma concentrations of phenobarbital, phenytoin and primidone are possibly reduced.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Use of any drug during first trimester of pregnancy should be avoided if possible. Thus administration of Iron during the first trimester requires definite evidence of Iron deficiency. Prophylaxis of Iron deficiency where inadequate diet calls for supplementary Zinc and Folic acid is justified during the remainder of the pregnancy.
Overdose effectsView
Symptoms of Carbonyl Iron include decreased energy, nausea, abdominal pain, tarry stool, weak, rapid pulse, fever, coma, seizures.
StorageView
Store at temperature not exceeding 30°C in a dry place. Protect from moisture.
Femex
Ambroxol Hydrochloride
Femex
Ambroxol Hydrochloride
Indications
Sore throat
Indication detailsView
This is indicated in-
- Productive cough
- Acute and chronic inflammatory disorders of upper and lower respiratory tracts associated with viscid mucus including acute and chronic bronchitis
- Inflammatory disease of rhinopharyngeal tract (laryngitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis and rhinitis) associated with viscid mucus
- Asthmatic bronchitis bronchial asthma with thick expectoration
- Bronchiectasis
- Chronic pneumonia etc.
Therapeutic classView
Cough expectorants & mucolytics
PharmacologyView
Ambroxol is the active metabolite of bromhexine and it has been proven that this metabolite possesses a greater bronchosecretolytic effect than bromhexine. It improves sputum rheology by hydrating mechanism leading to liquefaction of mucus in the lumen of respiratory tract, thus facilitating expectoration of mucus and reducing dyspnea. It stimulates production of phospholipids of surfactant by alveolar cells, thus contributing to the lowering of superficial tension in the alveoli. It also reduces bronchial hyperactivity. Ambroxol has anti inflammatory properties owing to the inhibitory effect on the production of cellular cytokines and arachidonic acid metabolites. In patients with COPD it traditionally improves airway patency.
DosageView
Average daily dose (preferably after meal):
Pediatric Drops:
Pediatric Drops:
- 0-6 months: 0.5 ml 2 times a day
- 6-12 months: 1 ml 2 times a day
- 1-2 years: 1.25 ml 2 times a day
- 2-5 years: 2.5 ml (1/2 teaspoonful) 2-3 times a day
- 5-10 years: 5 ml (1 teaspoonful) 2-3 times a day
- 10 years and adults: 10 ml (2 teaspoonful) 3 times a day.
Side effectsView
Gastrointestinal side effects like epigastric pain, stomach overfill feeling may occur occasionally. Rarely allergic responses such as eruption, urticaria or angioneurotic edema have been reported.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated in known hypersensitivity to Ambroxol or Bromhexine.
PrecautionsView
Ambroxol should be given cautiously to patients with gastric and duodenal ulceration or convulsive disorders. Patients with hepatic and renal insufficiency should take it with caution.
InteractionsView
Ambroxol should not be taken simultaneously with antitussives (e.g.Codeine) because phlegm, which has been liquefied by Ambroxol might not be expectorated.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Teratogenic and fetal toxicity studies have shown no harmful effect of Ambroxol. However, it is advised not to use it in pregnancy, especially during the1st trimester. Safety during lactation has not been established yet.
StorageView
Protect from direct light exposure, Store in a dry place at a temperature not exceeding 30°C, Keep out of the reach of children.
Femicap
Ferrous Fumarate + Folic acid
Femicap
Ferrous Fumarate + Folic acid
Indications
Iron deficiency anemia
Indication detailsView
For treatment of iron deficiency and prevention of concomitant Folic acid deficiency in adults. For maintenance of maternal haematopoiesis during pregnancy particularly when diet is abnormal or substandard.
Therapeutic classView
Iron & Vitamin Combined preparations
PharmacologyView
Iron is an essential constituent of the body being necessary for haemoglobin formation and for the oxidative processes of living tissues. Iron salts should only be given for the treatment and as prophylaxis of Iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemias are most often the result of chronic haemorrhage, nutritional deficiency, pregnancy or parasite infestation or malabsorption of iron.
A deficiency of Folic acid typically during pregnancy has long been known to cause a megaloblastic anaemia. The vitamin is not storable in the body and the combination of fetal demand during pregnancy and malnutrition can lead to a deficiency, hence anaemia. It has been observed that the rapid production of red blood cells following treatment with iron may deplete body folate if there is inadequate intake; combination of folic acid and ferrous fumerate avoids the complication. Iron and Folic acid are absorbed in the proximal small intestine particularly the duodenum. Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid supplements replenish iron deficiency. Thereby arresting the anaemia process. Absorbed iron is taken upto the bone marrow's tissues that form blood cells where it is used to synthesize haemoglobin.
A deficiency of Folic acid typically during pregnancy has long been known to cause a megaloblastic anaemia. The vitamin is not storable in the body and the combination of fetal demand during pregnancy and malnutrition can lead to a deficiency, hence anaemia. It has been observed that the rapid production of red blood cells following treatment with iron may deplete body folate if there is inadequate intake; combination of folic acid and ferrous fumerate avoids the complication. Iron and Folic acid are absorbed in the proximal small intestine particularly the duodenum. Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid supplements replenish iron deficiency. Thereby arresting the anaemia process. Absorbed iron is taken upto the bone marrow's tissues that form blood cells where it is used to synthesize haemoglobin.
DosageView
In anaemia: The usual dose is one tablet or capsule daily.
In severe or refractory iron deficiency anaemia: The usual dose is one tablet or capsule twice daily may be given.
In Pregnancy, it is recommended that the dose should be started at the first antenatal consultation and continued until 3 months after delivery.
In severe or refractory iron deficiency anaemia: The usual dose is one tablet or capsule twice daily may be given.
In Pregnancy, it is recommended that the dose should be started at the first antenatal consultation and continued until 3 months after delivery.
Side effectsView
Gastric distress, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, allergic reaction.
ContraindicationsView
This is contraindicated in patients with pernicious anaemia and anaemia other than those due to iron deficiency. The nature and causes of anaemia should be established. Absorption of Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid is inhibited by Magnesium trisillicate and Antacid containing carbonate.
PrecautionsView
Administration of Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid during the first trimester of pregnancy may be undesirable. Very few pregnant women are not protected by physiological doses of Folic acid. If anaemia is developed despite prophylaxis with Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid, patients should be investigated further. Some postgastrectomy patients show poor absorption of iron. Care is needed when treating patients with peptic ulcer.
InteractionsView
When Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid combination and Tetracycline are taken concomitantly, absorption of both drugs are reduced. Concurrent administration of antacid may reduce absorption of iron. Serum anticonvulsant levels may be reduced by administration of folate.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There is no contraindication in pregnancy and lactation.
Femicon
Norgestrel + Ethinyl Estradiol + Ferrous Fumarate
Femicon
Norgestrel + Ethinyl Estradiol + Ferrous Fumarate
Indications
Oral contraceptives
Indication detailsView
Oral contraceptives are indicated for the prevention of pregnancy in women who elect to use this product as a method of contraception. Oral contraceptives are highly effective. The efficacy of these contraceptive methods, except sterilization, the IUD, and implants depends upon the reliability with which they are used. Correct and consistent use of methods can result in lower failure rates.
Therapeutic classView
Oral Contraceptive preparations
PharmacologyView
Combination oral contraceptives (COC) act by suppression of gonadotropins. Although the primary mechanism of this action is inhibition of ovulation, other alterations include changes in the cervical mucus (which increase the difficulty of sperm entry into the uterus) and the endometrium (which reduce the likelihood of implantation).
DosageView
To achieve maximum contraceptive effectiveness, Norgestrel & Ethinyl Estradiol and ferrous fumarate must be taken exactly as directed and at intervals not exceeding 24 hours. The possibility of ovulation and conception prior to initiation of medication should be considered. The dosage of Norgestrel & Ethinyl Estradiol and ferrous fumarate is one white tablet daily for 21 consecutive days, followed by one brown tablet daily for 7 consecutive days, according to prescribed schedule. It is recommended that tablets be taken at the same time each day.
Side effectsView
Edema, Weakness, Amenorrhea, Breakthrough bleeding, Change in menstrual flow, Spotting, Anorexia, DVT, Thrombophlebitis, Depression, Dizziness, Headache, Nervousness, Somnolence, B reast tenderness, Galactorrhea, Abdominal pain, Nausea, Vomiting, Change in weight, Cholestatic jaundice
ContraindicationsView
Pregnancy, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, severe arterial disease (or family history of atherogenic lipid profile); liver adenoma; porphyria; after evacuation of hydatidiform mole; history of breast cancer; hepatic impairment; thrombophloebitis or thromboembolic disorders; breast carcinoma except in selected patients being treated for metastatic disease; oestrogen-dependent tumour; smoking >40 cigarettes daily; >50 yr; diabetes complications present; BMI >39 kg/m2; migraine with typical focal aura, lasting >72 hr despite treatment or migraine treated with ergot derivatives; BP >160 mmHg systolic and 100 mmHg diastolic; transient ischaemic attacks without headaches; SLE; gallstones; history of haemolytic uraemic syndrome, pruritis during pregnancy; cholestatic jaundice; chorea or deterioration of otosclerosis pemphigoid; breast feeding during 1 st 6 mth after delivery.
PrecautionsView
Sex-steroid dependent cancer; past ectopic pregnancy; malabsorption syndromes; functional ovarian cysts; active liver disease, recurrent cholestatic jaundice, history of jaundice in pregnancy; history of CV or renal impairment; DM; asthma; epilepsy; migraine; depression; lactation; conditions exacerbated by fluid retention; hypercalcaemia; CV and gall bladder diseases; lipid effects; familial defects of lipoprotein metabolism; patients at risk of venous thromboembolism, breast cancer, preexisting uterine leiomyomata and benign hepatic adenoma; family history of arterial disease in 1 st degree relative systolic 140 mmHg and diastolic 90 mmHg; >35 yr; BMI 30-39 kg/m2; migraine without focal aura, controlled with 5HT1; Gl upset (vomiting and diarrhoea), missed pills and interaction with other drugs may require additional contraceptive precautions. Should be taken at same time each day.
Lactation: small amounts of steroids are excreted in breast milk; estrogens may reduce quality/quantity of milk; may be prudent to use other forms of birth control until full weaning
Lactation: small amounts of steroids are excreted in breast milk; estrogens may reduce quality/quantity of milk; may be prudent to use other forms of birth control until full weaning
InteractionsView
Reduced contraceptive effectiveness with antibiotics, anticonvulsants and drugs that may increase contraceptive steroids clearance (e.g. bosentan, rifampicin, rifabutin, barbiturates, primidone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, topiramate, griseofulvin, aprepitant). Severe pruritus and jaundice with troleandomycin, avoid concurrent use. Decreased effectiveness of ursodeoxycholic acid by increasing the elimination of cholesterol in bile. Effects of danazol or gestrinone and hormonal contraceptives might be altered or reduced by concurrent use, avoid concomittant use.
Decreased contraceptive effectiveness with anti-HIV protease inhibitors. Increased tacrolimus levels with ethinyl estradiol. May increase theophylline, selegiline and tizanidine levels with oral contraceptives.
Decreased contraceptive effectiveness with anti-HIV protease inhibitors. Increased tacrolimus levels with ethinyl estradiol. May increase theophylline, selegiline and tizanidine levels with oral contraceptives.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Extensive epidemiological studies have revealed no increased risk of birth defects in infants born to women who have used oral contraceptives prior to pregnancy. Studies also do not suggest a teratogenic effect, particularly insofar as cardiac anomalies and limb-reduction defects are concerned, when taken inadvertently during early pregnancy
The administration of oral contraceptives to induce withdrawal bleeding should not be used as a test for pregnancy. Oral contraceptives should not be used during pregnancy to treat threatened or habitual abortion.
It is recommended that for any patient who has missed two consecutive periods, pregnancy should be ruled out before continuing oral-contraceptive use. If the patient has not adhered to the prescribed schedule, the possibility of pregnancy should be considered at the time of the first missed period. Oral-contraceptive use should be discontinued if pregnancy is confirmed.
The administration of oral contraceptives to induce withdrawal bleeding should not be used as a test for pregnancy. Oral contraceptives should not be used during pregnancy to treat threatened or habitual abortion.
It is recommended that for any patient who has missed two consecutive periods, pregnancy should be ruled out before continuing oral-contraceptive use. If the patient has not adhered to the prescribed schedule, the possibility of pregnancy should be considered at the time of the first missed period. Oral-contraceptive use should be discontinued if pregnancy is confirmed.
Femikit
Mifepristone + Misoprostol
Femikit
Mifepristone + Misoprostol
Indications
Termination of pregnancy
Indication detailsView
This kit is indicated for early Menstrual Regulation (MR)/termination of pregnancy up to 9 weeks (63 days) of gestation.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs acting on the Uterus, Prostaglandin analogues
PharmacologyView
Mifepristone: Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid with anti-progestational activity results from competitive interaction with progesterone at progesterone-receptor sites. Based on studies with various oral doses in several animal species, the compound inhibits the activity of endogenous or exogenous progesterone and the Menstrual Regulation (MR) results. During pregnancy, the compound sensitizes the myometrium to the contraction-inducing activity of prostaglandins.
Misoprostol: Misoprostol is a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E1. It causes myometrial contraction by interacting with specific receptors on myometrial cells. This interaction results in a change in calcium concentration, thereby initiating muscle contraction. By interacting with prostaglandin receptors, Misoprostol causes the cervix to soften and the uterus to contract, resulting in the expulsion of the uterine contents.
Misoprostol: Misoprostol is a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E1. It causes myometrial contraction by interacting with specific receptors on myometrial cells. This interaction results in a change in calcium concentration, thereby initiating muscle contraction. By interacting with prostaglandin receptors, Misoprostol causes the cervix to soften and the uterus to contract, resulting in the expulsion of the uterine contents.
DosageView
This can only be prescribed by qualified medical professionals who are able to assess the gestational age of an embryo and to diagnose ectopic pregnancies. The qualified medical professionals must also be able to provide surgical Intervention/MVA (Manual Vaccum Aspiration) in cases of incomplete abortion or severe bleeding or have made plans to provide such care through others and be able to assure patient access to medical facilities equipped to provide blood transfusions and resuscitation, if necessary.
Day 1 (First visit): Mifepristone administration: One tablet of Mifepristone (200 mg) is taken in a single oral dose under the supervision of a qualified medical professional in a clinic, medical office or hospital.
Day 2 (Second visit): Misoprostol administration: 24-48 hours after ingesting the Mifepristone tablet, the patient takes four 200 microgram tablets (800 micrograms) of Misoprostol buccally or sublingually. Misoprostol tablets can be administered by the patient herself (place two tablets on each side of cheeck & gum or under the tongue). She should wait for 30 minutes. During the period immediately following the administration of Misoprostol, the patient may need medication for cramps or gastrointestinal symptoms. The patient should be given instructions on what to do if significant discomfort, excessive bleeding or other adverse reactions occur and should be given a phone number to call if she has questions following the administration of Misoprostol.
Day 10 to 14 (Third visit): Post-treatment examination: Patients must return to the clinic, medical office or hospital within 10 to 14 days after the administration of mifepristone. This visit is very important to confirm by clinical examination or ultrasonographic scan that a complete termination of pregnancy has occurred.
Patients who have an ongoing pregnancy at this visit have a risk of fetal malformation resulting from the treatment. Surgical termination/MVA is recommended to manage Menstrual Regulation (MR)/termination of pregnancy failures.
Day 1 (First visit): Mifepristone administration: One tablet of Mifepristone (200 mg) is taken in a single oral dose under the supervision of a qualified medical professional in a clinic, medical office or hospital.
Day 2 (Second visit): Misoprostol administration: 24-48 hours after ingesting the Mifepristone tablet, the patient takes four 200 microgram tablets (800 micrograms) of Misoprostol buccally or sublingually. Misoprostol tablets can be administered by the patient herself (place two tablets on each side of cheeck & gum or under the tongue). She should wait for 30 minutes. During the period immediately following the administration of Misoprostol, the patient may need medication for cramps or gastrointestinal symptoms. The patient should be given instructions on what to do if significant discomfort, excessive bleeding or other adverse reactions occur and should be given a phone number to call if she has questions following the administration of Misoprostol.
Day 10 to 14 (Third visit): Post-treatment examination: Patients must return to the clinic, medical office or hospital within 10 to 14 days after the administration of mifepristone. This visit is very important to confirm by clinical examination or ultrasonographic scan that a complete termination of pregnancy has occurred.
Patients who have an ongoing pregnancy at this visit have a risk of fetal malformation resulting from the treatment. Surgical termination/MVA is recommended to manage Menstrual Regulation (MR)/termination of pregnancy failures.
Side effectsView
Mifepristone: The treatment procedure is designed to induce vaginal bleeding and uterine cramping necessary for Menstrual Regulation (MR). Commonly reported side effects were nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Pelvic pain, fainting, headache, dizziness, and asthenia occurred rarely.
Misoprostol: Gastro-intestinal side-effects like diarrhoea, abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence, dyspepsia, headache, vomiting and constipation, shivering, hyperthermia, dizziness, pain due to uterine contractions, severe vaginal bleeding, shock, pelvic pain, uterine rupture (requiring surgical repair, hysterectomy and/or salpingo-oophorectomy).
Misoprostol: Gastro-intestinal side-effects like diarrhoea, abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence, dyspepsia, headache, vomiting and constipation, shivering, hyperthermia, dizziness, pain due to uterine contractions, severe vaginal bleeding, shock, pelvic pain, uterine rupture (requiring surgical repair, hysterectomy and/or salpingo-oophorectomy).
ContraindicationsView
Administration of Mifepristone is contraindicated in patients with any one of the following conditions: History of allergy or known hypersensitivity to Mifepristone, Misoprostol or other prostaglandin, confirmed or suspected ectopic pregnancy or undiagnosed adnexal mass (the treatment procedure will not be effective to terminate an ectopic pregnancy), IUD in place, chronic adrenal failure, haemorrhagic disorders or concurrent anticoagulant therapy, inherited porphyria, If a patient does not have adequate access to medical facilities equipped to provide emergency treatment of incomplete process, blood transfusions and emergency resuscitation during the period from the first visit until discharged by the administering physician.
PrecautionsView
The patient should not give combination of Mifepristone & Misoprostol to anyone else. The combination of Mifepristone & Misoprostol has been prescribed for the patient's specific condition, it may not be the correct treatment for another person, and may be dangerous to the other person if she is or were to become pregnant. Any Intra Uterine Device [IUD] should be removed before treatment with Mifepristone begins. Menstrual Regulation (MR) by surgery is recommended in cases when combination of Mifepristone & Misoprostol fails to cause Menstrual Regulation (MR). Patients who have an ongoing pregnancy at last visit have a risk of foetal malformation resulting from the treatment. Surgical termination/MVA is recommended to manage Menstrual Regulation (MR)/ termination of pregnancy failures.
InteractionsView
Mifepristone: Although specific drug or food interactions with Mifepristone have not been studied, on the basis of this drug's metabolism by CYP 3A4, it is possible that Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, Erythromycin and grapefruit juice may inhibit its metabolism (increasing serum levels of mifepristone).
Misoprostol: Misoprostol has not been shown to interfere with the beneficial effects of aspirin on signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Misoprostol does not exert clinically significant effects on the absorption,blood levels and antiplatelet effects of therapeutic doses of aspirin.
Misoprostol: Misoprostol has not been shown to interfere with the beneficial effects of aspirin on signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Misoprostol does not exert clinically significant effects on the absorption,blood levels and antiplatelet effects of therapeutic doses of aspirin.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy- Mifepristone: is indicated for Menstrual Regulation (MR) (through 63 days pregnancy) and has no other approved indication for use during pregnancy. Patients who have an ongoing pregnancy at the last visit have a risk of foetal malformation resulting from the treatment. Surgical termination is recommended to manage Menstrual Regulation (MR) treatment failures.
Lactation-
Lactation-
- Mifepristone: It is not known whether Mifepristone is excreted through human milk. Many hormones with a similar chemical structure, however, are excreted in breast milk. Since the effects of Mifepristone on infants are unknown, breast-feeding women should consult with their doctor to decide if they should discard their breast milk for a few days following administration of the medications.
- Misoprostol: Although it is not known whether Misoprostol or Misoprostol is excreted through human milk, Misoprostol should not be administered to nursing mothers because the potential excretion of misoprostol acid could cause diarrhoea in nursing infants.
Pediatric usageView
Use in Patients with Hepatic Impairment: Patients with hepatic disease should receive a decreased dose of Misoprostol.
Use in Patients with Renal Impairment: No routine dosage adjustment is recommended of Misoprostol in older patients or patients with renal impairment but the dosage may need to be reduced if the usual dose is not tolerated.
Use in Patients with Renal Impairment: No routine dosage adjustment is recommended of Misoprostol in older patients or patients with renal impairment but the dosage may need to be reduced if the usual dose is not tolerated.
Overdose effectsView
Mifepristone: No serious adverse reactions were reported in tolerance studies in healthy nonpregnant female and healthy male subjects where Mifepristone was administered in single doses greater than threefold of 600mg for Menstrual Regulation (MR). If a patient ingests a massive overdose, she should be observed closely for signs of adrenal failure.
Misoprostol: Clinical signs that may indicate an overdose are a sedation, tremor, convulsions, dyspnea, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fever, palpitations, hypotension or bradycardia. Symptoms should be treated with supportive therapy. However, because Misoprostol is metabolized like a fatty acid, it is unlikely that dialysis would be the appropriate treatment for overdosage.
Misoprostol: Clinical signs that may indicate an overdose are a sedation, tremor, convulsions, dyspnea, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fever, palpitations, hypotension or bradycardia. Symptoms should be treated with supportive therapy. However, because Misoprostol is metabolized like a fatty acid, it is unlikely that dialysis would be the appropriate treatment for overdosage.
StorageView
Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light.
Feminor
Norethisterone Acetate
Feminor
Norethisterone Acetate
Indications
Premenstrual syndrome
Indication detailsView
Norethisterone is indicated in:
- Metropathia hemorrhagic (dysfunctional uterine bleeding),
- Premenstrual syndrome,
- Postponement of menstruation,
- Endometriosis &
- Menorrhagia.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for menopausal symptoms: Hormone replacement therapy, Female Sex hormones, Oral Contraceptive preparations
PharmacologyView
Norethisterone tablet is a preparation of Norethisterone which has progestational actions similar to those of progesterone, but is a more potent inhibitor of ovulation and has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. It is used to treat a number of disorders of the menstrual cycle. Norethisterone is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and its effects last for at least 24 hours. It is excreted in the urine.
DosageView
Oral administration. Not intended for use in children.
Metropathia haemorrhagica (dysfunctional uterine bleeding): 1 tablet 3 times daily for 10 days. Bleeding is arrested usually within 1-3 days. A withdrawal bleeding resembling normal menstruation occurs within 2-4 days after discontinuing treatment.
Prophylaxis against recurrence of dysfunctional bleeding: If there are no signs of resumption of normal ovarian function (no rise in the second half of the cycle of the morning temperature, which should be measured daily) recurrence must be anticipated. Cyclical bleeding can be established with 1 tablet twice daily from the 19th to the 26th day of the cycle.
Premenstrual syndrome (including premenstrual mastalgia): Premenstrual symptoms such as headache, migraine, breast discomfort, water retention, tachycardia, and psychological disturbances may be relieved by the administration of 2-3 tablets daily from the 19th to the 26th day of the cycle. Treatment should be repeated for several cycles. When treatment is stopped, the patient may remain symptom-free for a number of months.
Postponement of menstruation: In cases of too frequent menstrual bleeding, and in special circumstances (e.g. operations, travel, sports) the postponement of menstruation is possible. 1 tablet of Norethisterone three times daily, starting 3 days before the expected onset of menstruation. A normal period should occur 2-3 days after the patient has stopped taking tablets.
Endometriosis (pseudo-pregnancy therapy): Long-term treatment is commenced on the 5th day of the cycle with 2 tablets of Norethisterone daily for the first few weeks. In the event of spotting, the dosage is increased to 4, and, if necessary, 5 tablets daily. After bleeding has ceased, the initial dose is usually sufficient. Duration of treatment: 4-6 months continuously, or longer if necessary.
Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhoea): 1 tablet 2-3 times a day from the 19th to the 26th day of the cycle (counting the first day of menstruation as day 1).
Metropathia haemorrhagica (dysfunctional uterine bleeding): 1 tablet 3 times daily for 10 days. Bleeding is arrested usually within 1-3 days. A withdrawal bleeding resembling normal menstruation occurs within 2-4 days after discontinuing treatment.
Prophylaxis against recurrence of dysfunctional bleeding: If there are no signs of resumption of normal ovarian function (no rise in the second half of the cycle of the morning temperature, which should be measured daily) recurrence must be anticipated. Cyclical bleeding can be established with 1 tablet twice daily from the 19th to the 26th day of the cycle.
Premenstrual syndrome (including premenstrual mastalgia): Premenstrual symptoms such as headache, migraine, breast discomfort, water retention, tachycardia, and psychological disturbances may be relieved by the administration of 2-3 tablets daily from the 19th to the 26th day of the cycle. Treatment should be repeated for several cycles. When treatment is stopped, the patient may remain symptom-free for a number of months.
Postponement of menstruation: In cases of too frequent menstrual bleeding, and in special circumstances (e.g. operations, travel, sports) the postponement of menstruation is possible. 1 tablet of Norethisterone three times daily, starting 3 days before the expected onset of menstruation. A normal period should occur 2-3 days after the patient has stopped taking tablets.
Endometriosis (pseudo-pregnancy therapy): Long-term treatment is commenced on the 5th day of the cycle with 2 tablets of Norethisterone daily for the first few weeks. In the event of spotting, the dosage is increased to 4, and, if necessary, 5 tablets daily. After bleeding has ceased, the initial dose is usually sufficient. Duration of treatment: 4-6 months continuously, or longer if necessary.
Menorrhagia (hypermenorrhoea): 1 tablet 2-3 times a day from the 19th to the 26th day of the cycle (counting the first day of menstruation as day 1).
Side effectsView
Side-effects are more common during the first months after start of intake of Norethisterone, and subside with a duration of treatment. The side-effects are mentioned below:
- Eye disorders- Visual disturbance
- GI disorders- Nausea
- General disorders and administration site- conditions headache, edema
- Nervous system disorders- Migraine, Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders- Dyspnoea,
- Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders- Hypersensitivity (eg. Rash, urticaria).
ContraindicationsView
- Pregnancy
- Severe disturbances of liver function
- Dubin-Johnson syndrome
- Rotor syndrome
- Previous or existing liver tumours
- History during pregnancy of idiopathic jaundice, severe pruritus or herpes gestationis
- Current thromboembolic processes
- Hypersensitivity to the active substances or to any of the excipients
PrecautionsView
There is a general opinion, based on statistical evidence that users of combined oral contraceptives experience, more often than non-users, venous thromboembolism, arterial thrombosis, including cerebral and myocardial infarction and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Full recovery from such disorders does not always occur, and it should be realized that in a few cases they are fatal. Although Norethisterone does not contain oestrogen, one should keep the possibility of an increased thromboembolic risk in mind, particularly where there is a history of thromboembolic disease or in the presence of severe diabetes with vascular changes or sickle-cell anaemia.
In rare cases benign, and in even rarer cases, malignant liver tumours leading in isolated cases to life-threatening intra-abdominal haemorrhage have been observed after the use of hormonal substances such as the one contained in Norethisterone. If severe upper abdominal complaints, liver enlargement or signs of intra-abdominal haemorrhage occur, a liver tumour should be included in the differential diagnosis and, if necessary, the preparation should be withdrawn.
Norethisterone can influence carbohydrate metabolism. Parameters of carbohydrate metabolism should be examined carefully in all diabetics before and regularly during treatment.
Reasons for stopping Norethisterone immediately-
In rare cases benign, and in even rarer cases, malignant liver tumours leading in isolated cases to life-threatening intra-abdominal haemorrhage have been observed after the use of hormonal substances such as the one contained in Norethisterone. If severe upper abdominal complaints, liver enlargement or signs of intra-abdominal haemorrhage occur, a liver tumour should be included in the differential diagnosis and, if necessary, the preparation should be withdrawn.
Norethisterone can influence carbohydrate metabolism. Parameters of carbohydrate metabolism should be examined carefully in all diabetics before and regularly during treatment.
Reasons for stopping Norethisterone immediately-
- Occurrence for the first time of migrainous headaches or more frequent occurrence of unusually severe headaches
- Sudden perceptual disorders (e.g. disturbances of vision or hearing)
- First signs of thrombophlebitis or thromboembolic symptoms, feeling of pain and tightness in the chest
- Pending operations (six weeks beforehand), immobilisation (e.g. after accidents)
- Onset of jaundice, hepatitis, general pruritus
- Significant rise in blood pressure
- Pregnancy.
InteractionsView
Not known.
Pregnancy & lactationView
The administration of Norethisterone during pregnancy is contraindicated. Norethisterone should not be used during lactation.
Overdose effectsView
There have been no reports from overdosage and treatment is generally unnecessary. There are no special antidotes and treatment should be symptomatic.
StorageView
Store below 30°C in a cool & dry place. Keep out of reach of children.
Femipil
Ethinyl Estradiol + Levonorgestrel + Ferrous Fumarate
Femipil
Ethinyl Estradiol + Levonorgestrel + Ferrous Fumarate
Indications
Oral contraceptives
Indication detailsView
This pill is indicated in-
- Inhibit Ovulation
- Inhibit sperm to enter into the uterus by condensing uterine mucus
- Inhibit fertilized egg to accept by uterus by protecting the growth of membrane inside the uterus
- It reduces the movement of sperm by minimizing normal movement of fallopian tube. So sperms die as it takes long time to come into contact of Ova
- Women aged between 15-69 years (except smoker and who use tobacco regularly)
- Women who want an effective, temporary contraceptive method
- Women who is suffering from anemia due to excessive blood loss during menstruation
- Women having irregular menstruation cycle
- Breastfeeding mother (if child age is more than 6 months).
Therapeutic classView
Oral Contraceptive preparations
PharmacologyView
This pill is an effective, temporary and short term birth control management for women. This tablet contains two hormones, Levonorgestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol. Every single strip contains 28 tablets from which 21 tablets contains hormone and 7 tablets contains Iron. Combination oral contraceptives lower the risk of becoming pregnant primarily by suppressing ovulation. Other possible mechanism may include cervical mucus changes that inhibit sperm penetration and endometrial changes that reduce the likelihood of implantation.
DosageView
One should start taking this tablet from the first day of menstruation. It can be starts any day in first 5 days of menstruation. One tablet should be taken same time of each day with food, but best time is after dinner or before sleeping at night. Start your dose with one white tablet each day for 3 (three) weeks. After that, take one brown color tablet each day for 7(seven) days. If menstruation starts while taking brown color tablet, don’t stop the medicine. If not pregnant is confirmed then dose can be start from any day of menstruation, but after menstruation must have to use condom during sexual intercourse for next 7 (seven) days. When 7(seven) brown tablet finished, either menstruation starts or not, start the dose from beginning with white Tablet.
If forget to take tablet for a day, one should take the tablet as soon as patient noticed it, and take another tablet as the dose of present day. If forget to take the tablet for consecutive two days, then this contraceptive will not work. However, to maintain the date of menstruation cycle one should take two tablets at a time as soon as patient noticed it.
If forget to take tablet for a day, one should take the tablet as soon as patient noticed it, and take another tablet as the dose of present day. If forget to take the tablet for consecutive two days, then this contraceptive will not work. However, to maintain the date of menstruation cycle one should take two tablets at a time as soon as patient noticed it.
Side effectsView
Common: Headache, nausea, mood changes including depression, vaginal infections, irregular vaginal bleeding, pain and discomfort. Rare: liver tumors, jaundice, high blood pressure & gallbladder problem.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated in case of known hypersensitivity to any of the components of this product.
PrecautionsView
- Thrombotic disorder and other vascular problems: Stops this pill if a thrombotic disorder occurs. Stop at least 4 weeks before through 2 weeks after major surgery. Start no earlier than 4 weeks after delivery in women who are not breastfeeding
- Liver disease: Discontinue this pill if jaundice occurs
- High blood pressure: If used in women with well-controlled hypertension, monitor blood pressure and stop this pill if blood pressure rises significantly
- Carbohydrate and lipid metabolic effects: Monitor prediabetic and diabetic women taking this pill. Consider an alternative contraceptive method for women with uncontrolled dyslipidemia
- Headache: Evaluate significant change in headaches and discontinue this pill if indicated
- Bleeding irregularities and amenorrhea: Evaluate irregular bleeding or amenorrhea
InteractionsView
With medicine: Drugs or herbal products that induce certain enzymes, including CYP3A4 may decrease the effectiveness of COCs or increase breakthrough bleeding. Counsel patients to use a back-up method or alternative method of contraception when enzyme inducers are used with COCs.
With food and other: It is recommended to avoid caffeine, dairy foods, phytic acid containing food while taking the drug.
With food and other: It is recommended to avoid caffeine, dairy foods, phytic acid containing food while taking the drug.
Pregnancy & lactationView
This pill is contraindicated in pregnancy. Discontinue this pill if pregnancy occurs. Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) and/or metabolites are present in human milk and in breast-fed infants. CHCs including this pill can reduce milk production in breastfeeding females.
Pediatric usageView
Safety and efficacy of this pill have been established in women of reproductive age. Efficacy is expected to be the same in post-pubertal adolescents under the age of 18 years as for users 18 years and older. Use of this product before menarche is not indicated.
Overdose effectsView
There have been no reports of serious illness effects from overdose of oral contraceptives including ingestion by children. Over dosage may cause withdrawal bleeding in females and nausea.
StorageView
Store below 30°C, protected from light & moisture. Keep all medicines out of reach of children.
Femitab
Ferrous Fumarate + Folic acid
Femitab
Ferrous Fumarate + Folic acid
Indications
Iron deficiency anemia
Indication detailsView
For treatment of iron deficiency and prevention of concomitant Folic acid deficiency in adults. For maintenance of maternal haematopoiesis during pregnancy particularly when diet is abnormal or substandard.
Therapeutic classView
Iron & Vitamin Combined preparations
PharmacologyView
Iron is an essential constituent of the body being necessary for haemoglobin formation and for the oxidative processes of living tissues. Iron salts should only be given for the treatment and as prophylaxis of Iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemias are most often the result of chronic haemorrhage, nutritional deficiency, pregnancy or parasite infestation or malabsorption of iron.
A deficiency of Folic acid typically during pregnancy has long been known to cause a megaloblastic anaemia. The vitamin is not storable in the body and the combination of fetal demand during pregnancy and malnutrition can lead to a deficiency, hence anaemia. It has been observed that the rapid production of red blood cells following treatment with iron may deplete body folate if there is inadequate intake; combination of folic acid and ferrous fumerate avoids the complication. Iron and Folic acid are absorbed in the proximal small intestine particularly the duodenum. Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid supplements replenish iron deficiency. Thereby arresting the anaemia process. Absorbed iron is taken upto the bone marrow's tissues that form blood cells where it is used to synthesize haemoglobin.
A deficiency of Folic acid typically during pregnancy has long been known to cause a megaloblastic anaemia. The vitamin is not storable in the body and the combination of fetal demand during pregnancy and malnutrition can lead to a deficiency, hence anaemia. It has been observed that the rapid production of red blood cells following treatment with iron may deplete body folate if there is inadequate intake; combination of folic acid and ferrous fumerate avoids the complication. Iron and Folic acid are absorbed in the proximal small intestine particularly the duodenum. Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid supplements replenish iron deficiency. Thereby arresting the anaemia process. Absorbed iron is taken upto the bone marrow's tissues that form blood cells where it is used to synthesize haemoglobin.
DosageView
In anaemia: The usual dose is one tablet or capsule daily.
In severe or refractory iron deficiency anaemia: The usual dose is one tablet or capsule twice daily may be given.
In Pregnancy, it is recommended that the dose should be started at the first antenatal consultation and continued until 3 months after delivery.
In severe or refractory iron deficiency anaemia: The usual dose is one tablet or capsule twice daily may be given.
In Pregnancy, it is recommended that the dose should be started at the first antenatal consultation and continued until 3 months after delivery.
Side effectsView
Gastric distress, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, allergic reaction.
ContraindicationsView
This is contraindicated in patients with pernicious anaemia and anaemia other than those due to iron deficiency. The nature and causes of anaemia should be established. Absorption of Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid is inhibited by Magnesium trisillicate and Antacid containing carbonate.
PrecautionsView
Administration of Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid during the first trimester of pregnancy may be undesirable. Very few pregnant women are not protected by physiological doses of Folic acid. If anaemia is developed despite prophylaxis with Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid, patients should be investigated further. Some postgastrectomy patients show poor absorption of iron. Care is needed when treating patients with peptic ulcer.
InteractionsView
When Ferrous Fumerate & Folic acid combination and Tetracycline are taken concomitantly, absorption of both drugs are reduced. Concurrent administration of antacid may reduce absorption of iron. Serum anticonvulsant levels may be reduced by administration of folate.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There is no contraindication in pregnancy and lactation.
Femiton
Monjistha [Rubia cordifolia]
Femiton
Monjistha [Rubia cordifolia]
Indications
Oedema
Indication detailsView
This is indicated in Dysmenorrhoea, Oligomenorrhea, Metritis, Edema.
Therapeutic classView
Herbal and Nutraceuticals
PharmacologyView
Monjistha (Rubia cordifolia) has a marked effect on the female reproductive organs. It is useful in the treatment of various gynecological problems, like oligomenorrhea, irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea. It stimulates and cleanses the uterus; so useful in postnatal ailments.
DosageView
1-2 tablets two times daily.
Side effectsView
Not known.
ContraindicationsView
Not to be used during pregnancy.
StorageView
Keep all medicines out of reach of children. Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light.
Femixit
Flupentixol + Melitracen
Femixit
Flupentixol + Melitracen
Indications
Psychosis
Indication detailsView
Flupentixol and Melitracen tablet is indicated in-
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Apathy
- Psychogenic depression.
- Depressive neurosses.
- Masked depression.
- Psychosomatic affections accompanied by anxiety and apathy.
- Menopausal depressions.
- Dysphoria and depression in alcoholics and drug addicts.
Therapeutic classView
Combined anxiolytics & anti-depressant drugs
PharmacologyView
This consists of two well known and well proven compounds: flupentixol-a neuroleptic with anxiolytic and antidepressant properties of its own when given in small doses, and melitracen-a bipolar thymoleptic with activating properties in low doses. In combination the compounds render a preparation with antidepressant, anxiolytic and activating properties. Maximal serum concentration is reached in about 4 hours after oral administration of flupentixol and in about 4 hours after oral administration of melitracen. The biological half-life of flupentixol is about 35 hours and that of melitracen is about 19 hours. The combination of flupentixol and melitracen does not seem to influence the pharmacokinetic properties of the individual compounds.
DosageView
Adults: Usually 2 tablets orally daily in the morning and noon. In severe cases, the morning dose may be increased to 2 tablets.
Elderly patients: 1 tablet in the morning.
Maintenance dose: Usually 1 tablet orally in the morning. In cases of insomnia or severe restlessness, additional treatment with a sedative in the acute phase is recommended.
Elderly patients: 1 tablet in the morning.
Maintenance dose: Usually 1 tablet orally in the morning. In cases of insomnia or severe restlessness, additional treatment with a sedative in the acute phase is recommended.
Side effectsView
In the recommended doses side effects are rare. These could be transient restlessness and insomnia.
ContraindicationsView
- The immediate recovery phase after myocardial infarction.
- Defects in bundle-branch conduction.
- Untreated narrow-angle glaucoma.
- Acute alcohol, barbiturate and opiate intoxications.
- This tablet should not be given to patients who have received an MAO-inhibitor within two weeks.
- Not recommended for excitable or overactive patients since its activating effect may lead to exaggeration of these characteristics.
PrecautionsView
If previously the patient has been treated with tranquillizers with sedative effect these should be withdrawn gradually.
InteractionsView
This tablet may enhance the response to alcohol, barbiturates and other CNS depressants. Simultaneous administration of MAO-inhibitors may cause hypertensive crises. Neuroleptics and thymoleptics reduce the antihypertensive effect of guanethidine and similar acting compounds and thymoleptics enhance the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline.
Pregnancy & lactationView
This tablet should preferably not be given during pregnancy and lactation.
Overdose effectsView
In cases of overdosage the symptoms of intoxications by melitracen, especially of anticholinergic nature, dominate. More rarely extrapyramidal symptoms due to flupentixol occur. Symptomatic and Supportive. Gastric lavage should be carried out as soon as possible and activated charcoal may be administered. Measures aimed at supporting the respiratory and cardiovascular systems should be instituted. Epinephrine (adrenaline) must not be used for such patients. Convulsions may be treated with diazepam and extrapyramidal symptoms with biperiden.
StorageView
Store at a temperature not exceeding 30°C in a dry place. Protect from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Femorose
Evening primrose oil
Femorose
Evening primrose oil
Indications
Premenstrual syndrome
Indication detailsView
Evening primrose oil is indicated in:
- Premenstrual syndrome symptoms (PMS)
- Benign breast disease & cyclical mastalgia
- Lactation
- Atopic, allergic & neurodermatitis
- Psoriasis
- Hypertension
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Thrombosis
- Atopic eczema
- Dietary aid
- Promotes healthy skin, nourishes brittle nails & hair.
Therapeutic classView
Herbal and Nutraceuticals
PharmacologyView
Improves EFA composition of plasma, erythrocytes, platelet lipids and atocopherol levels in non-diabetic persons and Type 1 diabetic patients; increase total fat and EFA contents of mother's milk; affects fatty acid composition of serum lipids and adipose tissue in men with low dihoma-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) levels; helps maintain normal cellular structures and in the precursor of DGLA, which is the parent of the 1-series prostanoids and as a precursor of arachidonic acid, the parent of the 2-series prostanoids.
Evening Primrose Oil supplies gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). The bioactivity of EPO is due primarily to its GLA contents. By supplying GLA, it bypasses the rate-limiting step in the metabolism of LA. After ingestion of EPO, GLA is rapidly absorbed and then converts directly to DGLA and other prostaglandin precurosors. It also acts on the prostanoids pathway.
Evening Primrose Oil supplies gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). The bioactivity of EPO is due primarily to its GLA contents. By supplying GLA, it bypasses the rate-limiting step in the metabolism of LA. After ingestion of EPO, GLA is rapidly absorbed and then converts directly to DGLA and other prostaglandin precurosors. It also acts on the prostanoids pathway.
DosageView
Atopic & Allergic Dermatitis:
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS): 1 Capsule 2 times daily at morning & night with or after meal.
Rheumatoid arthritis: 1 Capsule daily Or as directed by the registered physician.
- Adult dosage: 1 capsule 2 times daily.
- Children dosage: 1 capsule 1/2 times daily.
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS): 1 Capsule 2 times daily at morning & night with or after meal.
Rheumatoid arthritis: 1 Capsule daily Or as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
Side effects are rare at recommended dosages. Overdose may cause loose stool and abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
Previously it was not recommended for patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. However, a recently published analysis of clinical trials involving polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of schizophrenia did not indicate a clear therapeutic or adverse effect of evening primrose oil supplements on schizophrenic patients.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Linolenic acid, GLA and DGLA are important components of human breast milk, so it is responsible to assure that evening primrose oil may be taken while nursing. According to World Health Organization (WHO), pregnant or lactating women should get 5% of their total daily caloric intake from EFAs.
StorageView
Keep out of reach of children. Keep away from direct sunlight. Store below 25°C in a dry place.
Femzole
Letrozole
Femzole
Letrozole
Indications
Stimulate ovulation
Indication detailsView
Letrozole is indicated for the first-line treatment of advanced/metastatic breast cancer (hormone receptor positive or receptor status unknown) in post-menopausal women.
Therapeutic classView
Hormonal Chemotherapy
PharmacologyView
Mechanism of Action: Letrozole is a potent and highly specific nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor. It inhibits the aromatase enzyme by competitively binding to the haem of the cytochrome P450 subunit of the enzyme, resulting in a reduction of estrogen biosynthesis in all tissues. Letrozole exerts its antitumor effect by depriving estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells of their growth stimulus. In postmenopausal women, estrogens are derived mainly from the action of the aromatase enzyme, which coverts adrenal androgens primarily androstenedione and testosterone-to oestrone (E1) and oestradiol (E2). The suppression of estrogen biosynthesis in the peripheral tissues and the malignant tissues can be achieved by specifically inhibiting the aromatase enzyme.
In healthy postmenopausal women, single doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5mg letrozole suppress serum oestrone and oestradiol by 75-78% and 78% from baseline respectively. Maximum suppression is achieved in 48-78 hours. In post-menopausal patients, with advanced breast cancer, daily doses of 0.1 to 5mg suppress plasma concentration of oestradiol, oestrone, and oestrone sulphate by 78-95% from baseline in all patients treated. Letrozole had no effect on plasma androgen concentrations (androstenedione and testosterone) among healthy postmenopausal women after single doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5mg indicating that the blockade of estrogen biosynthesis does not lead to accumulation of androgenic precursors. Impairment of adrenal steroidogenesis has not been observed.
Pharmacokinetics: Letrozole is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (absolute bioavailability 99.9%). Food slightly decreases the rate of absorption, but the extent of absorption remains unchanged. The minor effect of the absorption rate is not considered to be of clinical relevance and therefore letrozole may be taken after, with or before food. Plasma protein binding of letrozole is approximately 60%, mainly to albumin (55%). The concentration of letrozole in erythrocytes is about 80% of that in plasma. Metabolic clearance to a pharmacologically inactive carbinol metabolite is the major elimination pathway of letrozole but is relatively slow when compared to hepatic blood flow. The cytochrome P450 isoenzymes 3A4 and 2A6 were found to be capable of converting letrozole to this metabolite in vitro but their individual contributions to letrozole metabolism in vivo have not been established. The apparent terminal elimination half-life in plasma is about 2 days. After daily administration of 2.5mg of letrozole, steady-state levels are reached within 2 to 6 weeks.
In healthy postmenopausal women, single doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5mg letrozole suppress serum oestrone and oestradiol by 75-78% and 78% from baseline respectively. Maximum suppression is achieved in 48-78 hours. In post-menopausal patients, with advanced breast cancer, daily doses of 0.1 to 5mg suppress plasma concentration of oestradiol, oestrone, and oestrone sulphate by 78-95% from baseline in all patients treated. Letrozole had no effect on plasma androgen concentrations (androstenedione and testosterone) among healthy postmenopausal women after single doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5mg indicating that the blockade of estrogen biosynthesis does not lead to accumulation of androgenic precursors. Impairment of adrenal steroidogenesis has not been observed.
Pharmacokinetics: Letrozole is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (absolute bioavailability 99.9%). Food slightly decreases the rate of absorption, but the extent of absorption remains unchanged. The minor effect of the absorption rate is not considered to be of clinical relevance and therefore letrozole may be taken after, with or before food. Plasma protein binding of letrozole is approximately 60%, mainly to albumin (55%). The concentration of letrozole in erythrocytes is about 80% of that in plasma. Metabolic clearance to a pharmacologically inactive carbinol metabolite is the major elimination pathway of letrozole but is relatively slow when compared to hepatic blood flow. The cytochrome P450 isoenzymes 3A4 and 2A6 were found to be capable of converting letrozole to this metabolite in vitro but their individual contributions to letrozole metabolism in vivo have not been established. The apparent terminal elimination half-life in plasma is about 2 days. After daily administration of 2.5mg of letrozole, steady-state levels are reached within 2 to 6 weeks.
DosageView
The recommended dose of Letrozole is 2.5 mg once daily. Treatment with Letrozole should continue as long as tumor response is seen. The drug should be discontinued if tumor stops responding as judged by tumor progression. For elderly patients, no modification of the normal adult dosage regimen is necessary. No dosage adjustment is required for patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment or renal impairment.
Side effectsView
Adverse events associated with letrozole are generally mild to moderate and rarely severe enough to require discontinuation. Many can be attributed to either the underlying disease or the normal pharmacological consequence of oestrogen deprivation (hot flushes, hair thinning). The most frequently reported adverse events are musculoskeletal pain, arthralgia, headache, fatigue, nausea, dyspnoea, peripheral oedema, coughing, constipation, vomiting, chest pain, viral infection, diarrhoea, rash, abdominal pain, dyspepsia and anorexia. Dizziness, weight increase and pruritus are less commonly seen.
ContraindicationsView
Letrozole is contraindicated in known or suspected hypersensitivity to letrozole, other aromatase inhibitors, or to any of their ingredients. It is contraindicated during pregnancy, lactation and in pre-menopausal women. It is also contraindicated in severe hepatic dysfunction.
PrecautionsView
In breast cancer patients with moderate hepatic dysfunction, no dosage adjustment is necessary, but caution is recommended since letrozole elimination depends mainly on intrinsic metabolic clearance. Renal impairment (calculated creatinine clearance: 20 to 50 ml/min) did not affect steady-state plasma letrozole concentration at a dose of 2.5 mg or 5 mg. Hence, no dose adjustment is necessary for such renal function impairment. It is anticipated that letrozole could be removed from blood by dialysis since it is weakly bound to plasma proteins. The potential risks and benefits to such patients should be considered carefully before prescribing letrozole. In some cases, fatigue and dizziness have been observed with the use of letrozole. Patients should therefore, be advised that their physical and/or mental abilities required for operating machinery or driving a car may be impaired.
InteractionsView
Clinical interaction studies with cimetidine and warfarin indicated that the co-administration of letrozole with these drugs does not result in clinically significant drug reactions, even through cimetidine is a known inhibitor of one of the cytochrome P450 isoenzymes capable of metabolising letrozole in vitro.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Oral administration of letrozole in pregnant rats resulted in teratogenicity and maternal toxicity at 0.03 mg/kg. Embryotoxicity and foetotoxicity were seen at doses >0.003 mg/kg and there was an increase in the incidence of foetal malformation among the animals treated. However, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies of letrozole in pregnant women and its use in these patients is not recommended. It is not known whether letrozole is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, letrozole should not be administered to a nursing woman.
Overdose effectsView
There is no clinical experience of overdosage. There is no specific antidote to letrozole. Since letrozole is not highly protein-bound, dialysis may be helpful. Emesis may be induced if the patient is alert. In general, supportive care and frequent monitoring of vital signs is appropriate.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Fenacin
Aceclofenac
Fenacin
Aceclofenac
Indications
Spondylitis
Indication detailsView
Aceclofenac is indicated for the relief of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, toothache, trauma and lumbago.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Osteoarthritis, Drugs used for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
PharmacologyView
Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which is involved in the production of prostaglandin. After oral administration, it is rapidly and completely absorbed an unchanged drug.
DosageView
Extended release tablet: The recommended dose in adults is one 200 mg Aceclofenac tablet daily or as prescribed by the physician.
Film coated tablet: The recommended dose in adults is 100 mg, twice daily.
Side effectsView
Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which is involved in the production of prostaglandin. After oral administration, it is rapidly and completely absorbed an unchanged drug.
ContraindicationsView
Aceclofenac is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to it or in whom aspirin or NSAIDs precipitate attacks of asthma.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised to patients with active or suspected peptic ulcer or gastro-intestinal bleeding moderate to severe hepatic impairment and cardiac or renal impairment. Caution should also be exercised in patients suffering from dizziness or urticaria.
InteractionsView
No significant drug interactions has not been observed but close monitoring of patients is required when it is used with:
- Lithium and Digoxin: may increase plasma concentration of lithium and digoxin.
- Diuretics: may interact the activity of diuretics.
- Anticoagulants: may enhance the activity of anticoagulant.
- Methotrexate: may increase the plasma level of methotrexate.
Pregnancy & lactationView
The use of Aceclofenac should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Pediatric usageView
There are no clinical data on the use of Aceclofenac in children.
StorageView
keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Fenadin
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Fenadin
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Indications
Urticaria
Indication detailsView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and children. It is also indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Therapeutic classView
Non-sedating antihistamines
PharmacologyView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is an antihistamine with selective peripheral H1-receptor antagonist activity. It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and peak plasma concentration is reached in 2-3 hours. It does not appear to cross the blood brain barrier.
DosageView
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml once daily
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) once daily
Side effectsView
Common side effects are headache, fatigue, drowsiness, nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine Hydrochloride or any of its ingredients.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised in elderly patient and patient with decreased renal function.
InteractionsView
Plasma concentration of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride have been increased when given with erythromycin or ketoconazole. Aluminium and magnesium hydroxide containing antacid reduces the absorption of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is C. So, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Overdose effectsView
In case of an overdose, standard measures to remove any unabsorbed drug should be employed. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. There has been no reported case of an acute overdose of Fexofenadine hydrochloride.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Fenadin
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Fenadin
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Indications
Urticaria
Indication detailsView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and children. It is also indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Therapeutic classView
Non-sedating antihistamines
PharmacologyView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is an antihistamine with selective peripheral H1-receptor antagonist activity. It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and peak plasma concentration is reached in 2-3 hours. It does not appear to cross the blood brain barrier.
DosageView
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml once daily
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) once daily
Side effectsView
Common side effects are headache, fatigue, drowsiness, nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine Hydrochloride or any of its ingredients.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised in elderly patient and patient with decreased renal function.
InteractionsView
Plasma concentration of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride have been increased when given with erythromycin or ketoconazole. Aluminium and magnesium hydroxide containing antacid reduces the absorption of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is C. So, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Overdose effectsView
In case of an overdose, standard measures to remove any unabsorbed drug should be employed. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. There has been no reported case of an acute overdose of Fexofenadine hydrochloride.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Fenadin
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Fenadin
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Indications
Urticaria
Indication detailsView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and children. It is also indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Therapeutic classView
Non-sedating antihistamines
PharmacologyView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is an antihistamine with selective peripheral H1-receptor antagonist activity. It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and peak plasma concentration is reached in 2-3 hours. It does not appear to cross the blood brain barrier.
DosageView
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml once daily
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) once daily
Side effectsView
Common side effects are headache, fatigue, drowsiness, nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine Hydrochloride or any of its ingredients.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised in elderly patient and patient with decreased renal function.
InteractionsView
Plasma concentration of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride have been increased when given with erythromycin or ketoconazole. Aluminium and magnesium hydroxide containing antacid reduces the absorption of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is C. So, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Overdose effectsView
In case of an overdose, standard measures to remove any unabsorbed drug should be employed. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. There has been no reported case of an acute overdose of Fexofenadine hydrochloride.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Fenadin
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Fenadin
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Indications
Urticaria
Indication detailsView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and children. It is also indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Therapeutic classView
Non-sedating antihistamines
PharmacologyView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is an antihistamine with selective peripheral H1-receptor antagonist activity. It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and peak plasma concentration is reached in 2-3 hours. It does not appear to cross the blood brain barrier.
DosageView
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml once daily
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) once daily
Side effectsView
Common side effects are headache, fatigue, drowsiness, nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine Hydrochloride or any of its ingredients.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised in elderly patient and patient with decreased renal function.
InteractionsView
Plasma concentration of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride have been increased when given with erythromycin or ketoconazole. Aluminium and magnesium hydroxide containing antacid reduces the absorption of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is C. So, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Overdose effectsView
In case of an overdose, standard measures to remove any unabsorbed drug should be employed. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. There has been no reported case of an acute overdose of Fexofenadine hydrochloride.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Fenamic
Mefenamic acid
Fenamic
Mefenamic acid
Indications
Rheumatoid arthritis
Indication detailsView
Mefenamic Acid is indicated for-
- Fever
- Toothache
- Headache
- Migraine
- Primary dysmenorrhoea
- Menorrhagia
- Mild to moderate pain in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
- Traumatic pain
- Low-back pain
- Juvenile chronic arthritis in children etc.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Osteoarthritis, Drugs used for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
PharmacologyView
Mefenamic acid contains Mefenamic Acid which is a nonsteroidal agent with demonstrated analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity due to its dual action on prostaglandins. It inhibits the enzymes of prostaglandin synthetase and also antagonizes the actions of prostaglandin at the receptor sites.
DosageView
Adult:
- 500 mg dose should be given to adults upto three times (1.5 gm total) per day with meals. The dosage may be reduced to 1 tablet (250 mg) three times daily.
- In case of menorrhagia: 500 mg three times daily with meals and from the onset of menses and continued according to the judgement of the physician.
- 6 months to 1 year: 5 ml three times/day.
- 2-4 years: 10 ml three times/day.
- 5-8 years: 10 ml four times /day.
- 9-12 years: 15 ml four times/day.
Side effectsView
The most frequently reported adverse experiences occurring in approximately 1-10% of patients are gastrointestinal: abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, flatulence, nausea, Gl ulcers, vomiting, dizziness, abnormal renal function, pruritus, rashes.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Mefenamic Acid. It should not be used in patients with peptic ulcer, inflammatory bowel diseases, hepatic or renal impairment. It is also contraindicated in patients, whom aspirin and/or other NSAID's have induced symptoms of bronchospasm, skin rashes etc.
PrecautionsView
It should be administered with caution in allergic diseases especially in asthma. The treatment should be withdrawn in diarrhoea, rashes, cholestatic jaundice, thrombocytopenia, haemolytic anaemia.
InteractionsView
Aspirin: As other NSAIDs, concomitant administration of Mefenamic Acid and Aspirin is not generally recommended because of the potential of increased adverse effects.
Warfarin: Mefenamic Acid can inhibit platelet aggregation and may prolong the prothrombin time in patients on warfarin therapy
Warfarin: Mefenamic Acid can inhibit platelet aggregation and may prolong the prothrombin time in patients on warfarin therapy
Pregnancy & lactationView
The safety of Mefenamic acid on reproductive capacity and pregnancy has not been established. Thus, mefenamic acid should be used in women of childbearing potential and during pregnancy only when the potential benefits are expected to outweigh the potential risks. Trace amounts of Mefenamic acid may be present in breast milk and transmitted to the nursing infant. Thus Mefenamic acid should not be taken by the nursing mother because of the effects of this class of drugs on the infant's cardiovascular system.
StorageView
Keep away from light, store in a cool and dry place. Keep out of reach of children.
Fenargic
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Fenargic
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Indications
Urticaria
Indication detailsView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and children. It is also indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Therapeutic classView
Non-sedating antihistamines
PharmacologyView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is an antihistamine with selective peripheral H1-receptor antagonist activity. It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and peak plasma concentration is reached in 2-3 hours. It does not appear to cross the blood brain barrier.
DosageView
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml once daily
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) once daily
Side effectsView
Common side effects are headache, fatigue, drowsiness, nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine Hydrochloride or any of its ingredients.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised in elderly patient and patient with decreased renal function.
InteractionsView
Plasma concentration of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride have been increased when given with erythromycin or ketoconazole. Aluminium and magnesium hydroxide containing antacid reduces the absorption of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is C. So, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Overdose effectsView
In case of an overdose, standard measures to remove any unabsorbed drug should be employed. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. There has been no reported case of an acute overdose of Fexofenadine hydrochloride.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.