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Airup
Montelukast Sodium
Airup
Montelukast Sodium
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Montelukast Sodium is indicated for:
- Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma
- Acute prevention of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB)
- Relief of symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis (AR): Seasonal & Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
Therapeutic classView
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
PharmacologyView
Montelukast is a selective and orally active leukotriene receptor antagonist that inhibits the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLT1). The cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) are products of arachidonic acid metabolism and are released from various cells, including mast cells and eosinophils. Cysteinyl leukotrienes and leukotriene receptor occupation have been correlated with the pathophysiology of asthma & allergic rhinitis, including airway edema, smooth muscle contraction, and altered cellular activity associated with the inflammatory process, which contribute to the signs and symptoms of asthma.
DosageView
Adults & adolescents (15 years & older)-
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 10 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: 10 mg/day
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 5 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: 5 mg/day
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 4 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: Not recommended
AdministrationView
Route of administration: Oral. Montelukast may be taken with or without food or as directed by the physician.
Side effectsView
Common: Diarrhoea, fever, gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, nausea, vomiting, skin reactions, upper respiratory tract infection.
Uncommon: Akathisia, anxiety, arthralgia, asthenia, abnormal behavior, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, haemorrhage, irritability, malaise, muscle complaints, oedema, seizure, abnormal sensation, sleep disorders.
Rare: Angioedema, concentration impaired, disorientation, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, erythema nodosum, hallucination, hepatic disorders, memory loss, palpitations, pulmonary eosinophilia, suicidal tendencies, tremor.
Uncommon: Akathisia, anxiety, arthralgia, asthenia, abnormal behavior, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, haemorrhage, irritability, malaise, muscle complaints, oedema, seizure, abnormal sensation, sleep disorders.
Rare: Angioedema, concentration impaired, disorientation, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, erythema nodosum, hallucination, hepatic disorders, memory loss, palpitations, pulmonary eosinophilia, suicidal tendencies, tremor.
ContraindicationsView
Montelukast is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to any component of this product.
PrecautionsView
Montelukast is not indicated for use in the reversal of bronchospasm in acute asthma attacks, including status asthmatic. Neuropsychiatric events including agitation, hostility, anxiousness, depression, disorientation, disturbance in attention, dream abnormalities, hallucinations, insomnia, irritability, memory impairment, restlessness, somnambulism, suicidal thinking and behavior (including suicide) and tremor.
InteractionsView
With medicine: No dose adjustment is needed when montelukast is co-administered with theophylline, prednisone, prednisolone, terfenadine, digoxin, warfarin, gemfibrozil, itraconazole, thyroid hormones, sedative-hypnotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, benzodiazepines, decongestants, oral contraceptives, and Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme inducers.
With food and others: Bioavailability and other conditions were not significantly observed with food & other conditions.
With food and others: Bioavailability and other conditions were not significantly observed with food & other conditions.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Montelukast should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Montelukast is excreted in breast milk. So caution should be exercised when Montelukast is given to a nursing mother.
Overdose effectsView
There were no adverse experiences in the majority of overdosage reports. The most frequently occurring adverse experiences were consistent with the safety profile of Montelukast and included abdominal pain, somnolence, thirst, headache, vomiting and psychomotor hyperactivity. In the event of overdose, it is reasonable to employ the usual supportive measures; e.g., remove unabsorbed material from the gastrointestinal tract, employ clinical monitoring, and institute supportive therapy, if required.
StorageView
Store in cool & dry place below 30°C, protect from light & moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Airway
Montelukast Sodium
Airway
Montelukast Sodium
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Montelukast Sodium is indicated for:
- Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma
- Acute prevention of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB)
- Relief of symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis (AR): Seasonal & Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
Therapeutic classView
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
PharmacologyView
Montelukast is a selective and orally active leukotriene receptor antagonist that inhibits the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLT1). The cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) are products of arachidonic acid metabolism and are released from various cells, including mast cells and eosinophils. Cysteinyl leukotrienes and leukotriene receptor occupation have been correlated with the pathophysiology of asthma & allergic rhinitis, including airway edema, smooth muscle contraction, and altered cellular activity associated with the inflammatory process, which contribute to the signs and symptoms of asthma.
DosageView
Adults & adolescents (15 years & older)-
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 10 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: 10 mg/day
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 5 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: 5 mg/day
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 4 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: Not recommended
AdministrationView
Route of administration: Oral. Montelukast may be taken with or without food or as directed by the physician.
Side effectsView
Common: Diarrhoea, fever, gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, nausea, vomiting, skin reactions, upper respiratory tract infection.
Uncommon: Akathisia, anxiety, arthralgia, asthenia, abnormal behavior, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, haemorrhage, irritability, malaise, muscle complaints, oedema, seizure, abnormal sensation, sleep disorders.
Rare: Angioedema, concentration impaired, disorientation, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, erythema nodosum, hallucination, hepatic disorders, memory loss, palpitations, pulmonary eosinophilia, suicidal tendencies, tremor.
Uncommon: Akathisia, anxiety, arthralgia, asthenia, abnormal behavior, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, haemorrhage, irritability, malaise, muscle complaints, oedema, seizure, abnormal sensation, sleep disorders.
Rare: Angioedema, concentration impaired, disorientation, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, erythema nodosum, hallucination, hepatic disorders, memory loss, palpitations, pulmonary eosinophilia, suicidal tendencies, tremor.
ContraindicationsView
Montelukast is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to any component of this product.
PrecautionsView
Montelukast is not indicated for use in the reversal of bronchospasm in acute asthma attacks, including status asthmatic. Neuropsychiatric events including agitation, hostility, anxiousness, depression, disorientation, disturbance in attention, dream abnormalities, hallucinations, insomnia, irritability, memory impairment, restlessness, somnambulism, suicidal thinking and behavior (including suicide) and tremor.
InteractionsView
With medicine: No dose adjustment is needed when montelukast is co-administered with theophylline, prednisone, prednisolone, terfenadine, digoxin, warfarin, gemfibrozil, itraconazole, thyroid hormones, sedative-hypnotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, benzodiazepines, decongestants, oral contraceptives, and Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme inducers.
With food and others: Bioavailability and other conditions were not significantly observed with food & other conditions.
With food and others: Bioavailability and other conditions were not significantly observed with food & other conditions.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Montelukast should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Montelukast is excreted in breast milk. So caution should be exercised when Montelukast is given to a nursing mother.
Overdose effectsView
There were no adverse experiences in the majority of overdosage reports. The most frequently occurring adverse experiences were consistent with the safety profile of Montelukast and included abdominal pain, somnolence, thirst, headache, vomiting and psychomotor hyperactivity. In the event of overdose, it is reasonable to employ the usual supportive measures; e.g., remove unabsorbed material from the gastrointestinal tract, employ clinical monitoring, and institute supportive therapy, if required.
StorageView
Store in cool & dry place below 30°C, protect from light & moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Airway
Montelukast Sodium
Airway
Montelukast Sodium
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Montelukast Sodium is indicated for:
- Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma
- Acute prevention of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB)
- Relief of symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis (AR): Seasonal & Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
Therapeutic classView
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
PharmacologyView
Montelukast is a selective and orally active leukotriene receptor antagonist that inhibits the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLT1). The cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) are products of arachidonic acid metabolism and are released from various cells, including mast cells and eosinophils. Cysteinyl leukotrienes and leukotriene receptor occupation have been correlated with the pathophysiology of asthma & allergic rhinitis, including airway edema, smooth muscle contraction, and altered cellular activity associated with the inflammatory process, which contribute to the signs and symptoms of asthma.
DosageView
Adults & adolescents (15 years & older)-
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 10 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: 10 mg/day
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 5 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: 5 mg/day
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 4 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: Not recommended
AdministrationView
Route of administration: Oral. Montelukast may be taken with or without food or as directed by the physician.
Side effectsView
Common: Diarrhoea, fever, gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, nausea, vomiting, skin reactions, upper respiratory tract infection.
Uncommon: Akathisia, anxiety, arthralgia, asthenia, abnormal behavior, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, haemorrhage, irritability, malaise, muscle complaints, oedema, seizure, abnormal sensation, sleep disorders.
Rare: Angioedema, concentration impaired, disorientation, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, erythema nodosum, hallucination, hepatic disorders, memory loss, palpitations, pulmonary eosinophilia, suicidal tendencies, tremor.
Uncommon: Akathisia, anxiety, arthralgia, asthenia, abnormal behavior, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, haemorrhage, irritability, malaise, muscle complaints, oedema, seizure, abnormal sensation, sleep disorders.
Rare: Angioedema, concentration impaired, disorientation, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, erythema nodosum, hallucination, hepatic disorders, memory loss, palpitations, pulmonary eosinophilia, suicidal tendencies, tremor.
ContraindicationsView
Montelukast is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to any component of this product.
PrecautionsView
Montelukast is not indicated for use in the reversal of bronchospasm in acute asthma attacks, including status asthmatic. Neuropsychiatric events including agitation, hostility, anxiousness, depression, disorientation, disturbance in attention, dream abnormalities, hallucinations, insomnia, irritability, memory impairment, restlessness, somnambulism, suicidal thinking and behavior (including suicide) and tremor.
InteractionsView
With medicine: No dose adjustment is needed when montelukast is co-administered with theophylline, prednisone, prednisolone, terfenadine, digoxin, warfarin, gemfibrozil, itraconazole, thyroid hormones, sedative-hypnotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, benzodiazepines, decongestants, oral contraceptives, and Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme inducers.
With food and others: Bioavailability and other conditions were not significantly observed with food & other conditions.
With food and others: Bioavailability and other conditions were not significantly observed with food & other conditions.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Montelukast should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Montelukast is excreted in breast milk. So caution should be exercised when Montelukast is given to a nursing mother.
Overdose effectsView
There were no adverse experiences in the majority of overdosage reports. The most frequently occurring adverse experiences were consistent with the safety profile of Montelukast and included abdominal pain, somnolence, thirst, headache, vomiting and psychomotor hyperactivity. In the event of overdose, it is reasonable to employ the usual supportive measures; e.g., remove unabsorbed material from the gastrointestinal tract, employ clinical monitoring, and institute supportive therapy, if required.
StorageView
Store in cool & dry place below 30°C, protect from light & moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Airway
Montelukast Sodium
Airway
Montelukast Sodium
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Montelukast Sodium is indicated for:
- Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma
- Acute prevention of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB)
- Relief of symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis (AR): Seasonal & Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
Therapeutic classView
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
PharmacologyView
Montelukast is a selective and orally active leukotriene receptor antagonist that inhibits the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLT1). The cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) are products of arachidonic acid metabolism and are released from various cells, including mast cells and eosinophils. Cysteinyl leukotrienes and leukotriene receptor occupation have been correlated with the pathophysiology of asthma & allergic rhinitis, including airway edema, smooth muscle contraction, and altered cellular activity associated with the inflammatory process, which contribute to the signs and symptoms of asthma.
DosageView
Adults & adolescents (15 years & older)-
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 10 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: 10 mg/day
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 5 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: 5 mg/day
- Asthma & Allergic Rhinitis: 4 mg/day
- Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: Not recommended
AdministrationView
Route of administration: Oral. Montelukast may be taken with or without food or as directed by the physician.
Side effectsView
Common: Diarrhoea, fever, gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, nausea, vomiting, skin reactions, upper respiratory tract infection.
Uncommon: Akathisia, anxiety, arthralgia, asthenia, abnormal behavior, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, haemorrhage, irritability, malaise, muscle complaints, oedema, seizure, abnormal sensation, sleep disorders.
Rare: Angioedema, concentration impaired, disorientation, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, erythema nodosum, hallucination, hepatic disorders, memory loss, palpitations, pulmonary eosinophilia, suicidal tendencies, tremor.
Uncommon: Akathisia, anxiety, arthralgia, asthenia, abnormal behavior, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, haemorrhage, irritability, malaise, muscle complaints, oedema, seizure, abnormal sensation, sleep disorders.
Rare: Angioedema, concentration impaired, disorientation, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, erythema nodosum, hallucination, hepatic disorders, memory loss, palpitations, pulmonary eosinophilia, suicidal tendencies, tremor.
ContraindicationsView
Montelukast is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to any component of this product.
PrecautionsView
Montelukast is not indicated for use in the reversal of bronchospasm in acute asthma attacks, including status asthmatic. Neuropsychiatric events including agitation, hostility, anxiousness, depression, disorientation, disturbance in attention, dream abnormalities, hallucinations, insomnia, irritability, memory impairment, restlessness, somnambulism, suicidal thinking and behavior (including suicide) and tremor.
InteractionsView
With medicine: No dose adjustment is needed when montelukast is co-administered with theophylline, prednisone, prednisolone, terfenadine, digoxin, warfarin, gemfibrozil, itraconazole, thyroid hormones, sedative-hypnotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, benzodiazepines, decongestants, oral contraceptives, and Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme inducers.
With food and others: Bioavailability and other conditions were not significantly observed with food & other conditions.
With food and others: Bioavailability and other conditions were not significantly observed with food & other conditions.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Montelukast should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Montelukast is excreted in breast milk. So caution should be exercised when Montelukast is given to a nursing mother.
Overdose effectsView
There were no adverse experiences in the majority of overdosage reports. The most frequently occurring adverse experiences were consistent with the safety profile of Montelukast and included abdominal pain, somnolence, thirst, headache, vomiting and psychomotor hyperactivity. In the event of overdose, it is reasonable to employ the usual supportive measures; e.g., remove unabsorbed material from the gastrointestinal tract, employ clinical monitoring, and institute supportive therapy, if required.
StorageView
Store in cool & dry place below 30°C, protect from light & moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Ajardy
Empagliflozin
Ajardy
Empagliflozin
Indications
Type 2 DM
Indication detailsView
Empagliflozin is indicated in:
- As an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- To reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease.
Therapeutic classView
Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors
PharmacologyView
Empagliflozin is a sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor. SGLT2 co-transporters are responsible for reabsorption of glucose from the glomerular filtrate in the kidney. The glucuretic effect resulting from SGLT2 inhibition reduces renal absorption and lowers the renal threshold for glucose, resulting in increased glucose excretion. Additionally, it contributes to reduced hyperglycaemia, assists weight loss, and reduces blood pressure.
DosageView
The recommended dose of Empagliflozin is 10 mg once daily, taken in the morning, with or without food. In patients tolerating Empagliflozin, the dose may be increased to 25 mg once daily. In patients with volume depletion, correcting this condition prior to initiation of Empagliflozin is recommended.
Side effectsView
The most common adverse reactions associated with Empagliflozin are urinary tract infections and female genital mycotic infections. Others common side effects includes dehydration, hypotension, weakness, dizziness and increased thirstiness.
ContraindicationsView
Empagliflozin is contraindicated in patients with history of serious hypersensitivity reaction to Empagliflozin or any of its ingredients, severe renal impairment, end-stage renal disease, or dialysis.
PrecautionsView
Assessment of renal function is recommended prior to initiation of Empagliflozin and periodically thereafter. Empagliflozin should not initiated in patients with an eGFR less than 45 ml/min/1.73 m2. No dose adjustment is needed in patients with an eGFR greater than or equal to 45 ml/min/1.73 m2.
InteractionsView
Diuretics: Co-administration of Empagliflozin with diuretics resulted in increased urine volume.
Insulin or Insulin Secretagogues: Co-administration of Empagliflozin with insulin or insulin secretagogues increases the risk for hypoglycemia.
Positive Urine Glucose Test: Monitoring glycemic control with urine glucose tests is not recommended in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors as SGLT2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion and will lead to positive urine glucose tests. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Interference with 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) Assay: Monitoring glycemic control with 1,5-AG assay is not recommended as measurements of 1,5-AG are unreliable in assessing glycemic control in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Insulin or Insulin Secretagogues: Co-administration of Empagliflozin with insulin or insulin secretagogues increases the risk for hypoglycemia.
Positive Urine Glucose Test: Monitoring glycemic control with urine glucose tests is not recommended in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors as SGLT2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion and will lead to positive urine glucose tests. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Interference with 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) Assay: Monitoring glycemic control with 1,5-AG assay is not recommended as measurements of 1,5-AG are unreliable in assessing glycemic control in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Empagliflozin in pregnant women. Empagliflozin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is not known if Empagliflozin is excreted in human milk. It is not recommended when breastfeeding.
Overdose effectsView
In the event of an overdose with Empagliflozin the usual supportive measures (e.g., remove unabsorbed material from the gastrointestinal tract, perform clinical monitoring, and institute supportive treatment) should be employed. Removal of Empagliflozin by hemodialysis has not been studied.
StorageView
Keep in a cool & dry place (below 30° C), protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Ajardy
Empagliflozin
Ajardy
Empagliflozin
Indications
Type 2 DM
Indication detailsView
Empagliflozin is indicated in:
- As an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- To reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease.
Therapeutic classView
Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors
PharmacologyView
Empagliflozin is a sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor. SGLT2 co-transporters are responsible for reabsorption of glucose from the glomerular filtrate in the kidney. The glucuretic effect resulting from SGLT2 inhibition reduces renal absorption and lowers the renal threshold for glucose, resulting in increased glucose excretion. Additionally, it contributes to reduced hyperglycaemia, assists weight loss, and reduces blood pressure.
DosageView
The recommended dose of Empagliflozin is 10 mg once daily, taken in the morning, with or without food. In patients tolerating Empagliflozin, the dose may be increased to 25 mg once daily. In patients with volume depletion, correcting this condition prior to initiation of Empagliflozin is recommended.
Side effectsView
The most common adverse reactions associated with Empagliflozin are urinary tract infections and female genital mycotic infections. Others common side effects includes dehydration, hypotension, weakness, dizziness and increased thirstiness.
ContraindicationsView
Empagliflozin is contraindicated in patients with history of serious hypersensitivity reaction to Empagliflozin or any of its ingredients, severe renal impairment, end-stage renal disease, or dialysis.
PrecautionsView
Assessment of renal function is recommended prior to initiation of Empagliflozin and periodically thereafter. Empagliflozin should not initiated in patients with an eGFR less than 45 ml/min/1.73 m2. No dose adjustment is needed in patients with an eGFR greater than or equal to 45 ml/min/1.73 m2.
InteractionsView
Diuretics: Co-administration of Empagliflozin with diuretics resulted in increased urine volume.
Insulin or Insulin Secretagogues: Co-administration of Empagliflozin with insulin or insulin secretagogues increases the risk for hypoglycemia.
Positive Urine Glucose Test: Monitoring glycemic control with urine glucose tests is not recommended in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors as SGLT2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion and will lead to positive urine glucose tests. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Interference with 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) Assay: Monitoring glycemic control with 1,5-AG assay is not recommended as measurements of 1,5-AG are unreliable in assessing glycemic control in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Insulin or Insulin Secretagogues: Co-administration of Empagliflozin with insulin or insulin secretagogues increases the risk for hypoglycemia.
Positive Urine Glucose Test: Monitoring glycemic control with urine glucose tests is not recommended in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors as SGLT2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion and will lead to positive urine glucose tests. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Interference with 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) Assay: Monitoring glycemic control with 1,5-AG assay is not recommended as measurements of 1,5-AG are unreliable in assessing glycemic control in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Empagliflozin in pregnant women. Empagliflozin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is not known if Empagliflozin is excreted in human milk. It is not recommended when breastfeeding.
Overdose effectsView
In the event of an overdose with Empagliflozin the usual supportive measures (e.g., remove unabsorbed material from the gastrointestinal tract, perform clinical monitoring, and institute supportive treatment) should be employed. Removal of Empagliflozin by hemodialysis has not been studied.
StorageView
Keep in a cool & dry place (below 30° C), protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Ajardy M
Empagliflozin + Metformin Hydrochloride
Ajardy M
Empagliflozin + Metformin Hydrochloride
Indications
Type 2 DM
Indication detailsView
This tablet is indicated for the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise:
- In patients insufficiently controlled on their maximally tolerated dose of Metformin alone
- In combination with other medicinal products for the treatment of diabetes, in patients insufficiently controlled with Metformin and these medicinal products
- In patients already being treated with the combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin as separate tablets.
Therapeutic classView
Combination Oral hypoglycemic preparations
PharmacologyView
Empagliflozin is an inhibitor of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2). SGLT2 is the predominant transporter, responsible for reabsorption of glucose from the kidney back into the circulation. By inhibiting SGLT2, Empagliflozin reduces renal reabsorption of filtered glucose and lowers the renal threshold for glucose and thereby increases urinary glucose excretion.
Metformin Hydrochloride is a biguanide type oral antihyperglycemic drug, used in the management of type 2 diabetes. It lowers both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. It does not produce hypoglycemia. Metformin Hydrochloride decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity by an increase in peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
Metformin Hydrochloride is a biguanide type oral antihyperglycemic drug, used in the management of type 2 diabetes. It lowers both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. It does not produce hypoglycemia. Metformin Hydrochloride decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity by an increase in peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
DosageView
The dosage should be individualized based on effectiveness and tolerability. Take this combination twice daily with meals. Dose escalation should be gradual to reduce the gastrointestinal side effects due to Metformin Hydrochloride. Maximum recommended daily dose of Metformin Hydrochloride is 2000 mg and Empagliflozin is 25 mg.
Recommended individualized starting dose:
Pediatric patients under 18 years of age: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients under 18 years of age have not been established.
Recommended individualized starting dose:
- In patients on Metformin Hydrochloride, switch to this combination containing Empagliflozin 5 mg with a similar total daily dose of Metformin Hydrochloride.
- In patients on Empagliflozin, switch to this combination containing Metformin Hydrochloride 500 mg with a similar total daily dose of Empagliflozin.
- In patients already treated with Empagliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride separately switch to this combination containing the same total daily doses of each component.
- In patients with volume depletion not previously treated with Empagliflozin, correct this condition before initiating this combination.
Pediatric patients under 18 years of age: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients under 18 years of age have not been established.
Side effectsView
Most common adverse reactions associated with Empagliflozin (5% or greater incidence) were urinary tract infection and female genital mycotic infections. Most common adverse reactions associated with Metformin (>5%) are diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, indigestion, asthenia, and headache. The following important adverse reactions are given below:
- Very common: Hypoglycemia (when used with sulphonylurea or insulin), Gastrointestinal symptoms
- Common: Vaginal moniliasis, vulvovaginitis, balanitis and other genital infection. Urinary tract infection (including pyelonephritis and urosepsis), thirst, taste disturbance, pruritus (generalised), rash, Increased urination, serum lipids increased
- Uncommon: Volume depletion, urticaria, dysuria, blood creatinine increased/Glomerular filtration rate decreased, Haematocrit increased
- Rare: Diabetic ketoacidosis.
ContraindicationsView
- Hypersensitivity to Empagliflozin and Metformin
- Any type of acute metabolic acidosis (such as lactic acidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis)
- Diabetic pre-coma
- Severe renal failure (GFR <30 ml/min)
- Acute conditions with the potential to alter renal function such as: dehydration, severe infection, shock
- Disease which may cause tissue hypoxia (especially acute disease, or worsening of chronic disease) such as: decompensated heart failure, respiratory failure, recent myocardial infarction, shock
- Hepatic impairment, acute alcohol intoxication, alcoholism
PrecautionsView
Lactic Acidosis: Postmarketing cases of Metformin Hydrochloride-associated lactic acidosis. If lactic acidosis is suspected, general supportive measures should be instituted promptly in a hospital setting, along with immediate discontinuation of this combination.
Hypotension: Before initiating this combination assess and correct volume status in patients with renal impairment, the elderly, in patients with low systolic blood pressure, and in patients on diuretics. Monitor for signs and symptoms of hypotension after initiating therapy and increase monitoring in clinical situations where volume contraction is expected.
Ketoacidosis: Before initiating this combination assess patients who present with signs and symptoms of metabolic acidosis for ketoacidosis, regardless of blood glucose level. If suspected, discontinue this combination, evaluate and treat promptly.
Acute kidney injury & impairment in renal function: Consider temporarily discontinuing this combination in settings of reduced oral intake or fluid losses. If acute kidney injury occurs, discontinue this combination promptly and institute treatment.
Urosepsis, Pyelonephritis, Fournier’s gangrene & Genital mycotic infections: Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors increases the risk for urinary tract infections. Evaluate patients for signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections and treat promptly, if indicated.
Hypoglycemia: Consider lowering the dose of insulin secretagogue or insulin to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia when initiating this combination.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Metformin Hydrochloride may lower vitamin B12 levels. Monitor hematologic parameters annually.
Increased LDL-C: Monitor and treat as appropriate.
Macrovascular Outcomes: There have been no clinical studies establishing conclusive evidence of macrovascular risk reduction with this combination.
Hypotension: Before initiating this combination assess and correct volume status in patients with renal impairment, the elderly, in patients with low systolic blood pressure, and in patients on diuretics. Monitor for signs and symptoms of hypotension after initiating therapy and increase monitoring in clinical situations where volume contraction is expected.
Ketoacidosis: Before initiating this combination assess patients who present with signs and symptoms of metabolic acidosis for ketoacidosis, regardless of blood glucose level. If suspected, discontinue this combination, evaluate and treat promptly.
Acute kidney injury & impairment in renal function: Consider temporarily discontinuing this combination in settings of reduced oral intake or fluid losses. If acute kidney injury occurs, discontinue this combination promptly and institute treatment.
Urosepsis, Pyelonephritis, Fournier’s gangrene & Genital mycotic infections: Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors increases the risk for urinary tract infections. Evaluate patients for signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections and treat promptly, if indicated.
Hypoglycemia: Consider lowering the dose of insulin secretagogue or insulin to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia when initiating this combination.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Metformin Hydrochloride may lower vitamin B12 levels. Monitor hematologic parameters annually.
Increased LDL-C: Monitor and treat as appropriate.
Macrovascular Outcomes: There have been no clinical studies establishing conclusive evidence of macrovascular risk reduction with this combination.
InteractionsView
Diuretics: Co-administration of Empagliflozin with diuretics resulted in increased urine volume and frequency of voids, which might enhance the potential for volume depletion.
Insulin or Insulin Secretagogues: Co-administration of Empagliflozin with insulin or insulin secretagogues increases the risk for hypoglycemia.
Positive Urine Glucose Test: Monitoring glycemic control with urine glucose tests is not recommended in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Drugs that Reduce Metformin Clearance: Drugs that reduce Metformin clearance (such as ranolazine, vandetanib, dolutegravir, and cimetidine) may increase the accumulation of Metformin.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may increase risk of lactic acidosis.
Drugs Affecting Glycemic Control: Thiazides and other diuretics, corticosteroids, phenothiazines, thyroid products, estrogens, oral contraceptives, phenytoin, nicotinic acid, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blocking drugs, and isoniazid produce hoperglycemia. When such drugs are administered to a patient receiving Empagliflozin and Metformin combination, the patient should be closely observed to maintain adequate glycemic control. When such drugs are withdrawn from a patient receiving Empagliflozin and Metformin combination, the patient should be observed closely for hypoglycemia.
Alcohol: Alcohol can potentiate the effect of Metformin on lactate metabolism. Warn patients against excessive alcohol intake.
Insulin or Insulin Secretagogues: Co-administration of Empagliflozin with insulin or insulin secretagogues increases the risk for hypoglycemia.
Positive Urine Glucose Test: Monitoring glycemic control with urine glucose tests is not recommended in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors. Use alternative methods to monitor glycemic control.
Drugs that Reduce Metformin Clearance: Drugs that reduce Metformin clearance (such as ranolazine, vandetanib, dolutegravir, and cimetidine) may increase the accumulation of Metformin.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may increase risk of lactic acidosis.
Drugs Affecting Glycemic Control: Thiazides and other diuretics, corticosteroids, phenothiazines, thyroid products, estrogens, oral contraceptives, phenytoin, nicotinic acid, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blocking drugs, and isoniazid produce hoperglycemia. When such drugs are administered to a patient receiving Empagliflozin and Metformin combination, the patient should be closely observed to maintain adequate glycemic control. When such drugs are withdrawn from a patient receiving Empagliflozin and Metformin combination, the patient should be observed closely for hypoglycemia.
Alcohol: Alcohol can potentiate the effect of Metformin on lactate metabolism. Warn patients against excessive alcohol intake.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Advise females of the potential risk to a fetus especially during the second and third trimesters. This is not recommended when breastfeeding.
Overdose effectsView
In controlled clinical studies single doses of up to 800 mg Empagliflozin (equivalent to 32-times the highest recommended daily dose) in healthy volunteers and multiple daily doses of up to 100 mg Empagliflozin (equivalent to 4-times the highest recommended daily dose) in patients with type 2 diabetes did not show any toxicity. Hypoglycaemia has not been seen with Metformin doses of up to 85 g, although lactic acidosis has occurred in such circumstances. Lactic acidosis is a medical emergency and must be treated in hospital. In the event of an overdose, treatment should be initiated as appropriate to the patient's clinical status. The most effective method to remove lactate and Metformin is haemodialysis. The removal of Empagliflozin by haemodialysis has not been studied
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Akarvia
Favipiravir
Akarvia
Favipiravir
Indications
Influenza
Indication detailsView
Treatment of novel or re-emerging pandemic influenza virus infections (limited to cases in which other influenza antiviral drugs are ineffective or not sufficiently effective).
Therapeutic classView
Anti-viral drugs
PharmacologyView
Favipiravir is a new antiviral drug against influenza. It is metabolized into favipiravir ribosyl triphosphate (favipiravir RTP) by an intracellular enzyme, and favipiravir RTP selectively inhibits RNA polymerase (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) of the influenza virus, preventing replication of the influenza virus. It is a drug with a mechanism of action different from that of the existing influenza antiviral drugs and effective against all types and sub-types of human influenza A, B, and C viruses in vitro, showing a wide range of anti-viral activity against various influenza virus strains including avian and swine viruses.
DosageView
The usual adult dosage is 1600 mg of Favipiravir administered orally twice daily on Day 1, followed by 600 mg orally twice daily from Day 2 to Day 5 or as directed by physicians. The total treatment duration should be 5 days.
Side effectsView
Most common side effects are Diarrhea and increase of blood uric acid levels.
ContraindicationsView
Favipiravir is contraindicated for pregnant women and women who may possibly be pregnant.
PrecautionsView
Favipiravir should not be given in pregnant women, requirement of the confirmation of non-pregnancy in women of childbearing potential before use, thorough contraception measures from the start of the treatment to 7 days after the end of the treatment. Caution should be taken for Hepatic and renal impaired patient or use Favipiravir as per the direction of registered Physician
InteractionsView
In animal studies, decreased RBC production,and increases in liver function parameters such as AST, ALP, ALT and total bilirubin, and increased vacuolization in hepatocytes. Toxicity information regarding Favipiravir in humans is not readily available.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Favipiravir may cause delayed development or death of embryos during the early stage of pregnancy. Should not be given during pregnancy.
Pediatric usageView
This drug is only approved as an experimental drug and still a lot of studies is needed about it’s efficacy and also toxic reactions and use in children.
Overdose effectsView
In animal studies, decreased RBC production,and increases in liver function parameters such as AST, ALP, ALT and total bilirubin, and increased vacuolization in hepatocytes. Toxicity information regarding Favipiravir in humans is not readily available.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Akicin
Amikacin
Akicin
Amikacin
Indications
Urinary tract infection
Indication detailsView
Amikacin is indicated in the short-term treatment of serious infections due to susceptible strains of Gram-negative bacteria. Amikacin is effective in bacterial septicemia (including neonatal sepsis); in serious infections of the respiratory tract, bones and joints, central nervous system (including meningitis) and skin and soft tissue; intra-abdominal infections (including peritonitis); and in burns and postoperative infections (including postvascular surgery). Clinical studies have shown Amikacin also to be effective in serious complicated and recurrent urinary tract infections due to those organisms.
Amikacin was effective in infections caused by gentamicin and/or tobramycin-resistant strains of Gram-negative organisms, particularly Proteus rettgeri, Providencia stuartii, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Amikacin has also been shown to be effective in staphylococci infections and may be considered as initial therapy under certain conditions in the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease such as, severe infections where the causative organism may be either a Gram-negative bacterium or a staphylococcus.
Amikacin was effective in infections caused by gentamicin and/or tobramycin-resistant strains of Gram-negative organisms, particularly Proteus rettgeri, Providencia stuartii, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Amikacin has also been shown to be effective in staphylococci infections and may be considered as initial therapy under certain conditions in the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease such as, severe infections where the causative organism may be either a Gram-negative bacterium or a staphylococcus.
Therapeutic classView
Aminoglycosides
PharmacologyView
Amikacin Sulfate is a semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic. Amikacin is active in vitro against pseudomonas species, Escherichia coli, Proteus species, Providencia species, Klebsiella-Enterobacter species, Acinetobacter species, and Citrobacter freundii. When strains of the above organisms are found to be resistant to other aminoglycosides, including Gentamicin, TobrAmykin and KanAmykin, many are susceptible to Amikacin. Amikacin sulfate is active in vitro against penicillinase and nonpenicillinase-producing Staphylococcus species including methicillin-resistant strains.
DosageView
Adults and children: 15 mg/kg/day in two equally-divided doses (equivalent to 500 mg bid in adults). Use of the 100 mg is recommended for children for the accurate measurement of the appropriate dose.
Neonates and premature children: An initial loading dose of 10 mg/kg followed by 15 mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses.
Elderly: Amikacin is excreted by the renal route. Renal function should be assessed whenever possible and dosage adjusted as described under impaired renal function.
Life-threatening infections and/or those caused by Pseudomonas: The adult dose may be increased to 500 mg every eight hours but should neither exceed 1.5g/day nor be administered for a period longer than 10 days. A maximum total adult dose of 15g should not be exceeded.
Urinary tract infections (other than pseudomonal infections): 7.5mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses (equivalent to 250 mg b.i.d. in adults).
Impaired renal function: In patients with impaired renal function, the daily dose should be reduced and/or the intervals between doses increased to avoid accumulation of the drug.
Neonates and premature children: An initial loading dose of 10 mg/kg followed by 15 mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses.
Elderly: Amikacin is excreted by the renal route. Renal function should be assessed whenever possible and dosage adjusted as described under impaired renal function.
Life-threatening infections and/or those caused by Pseudomonas: The adult dose may be increased to 500 mg every eight hours but should neither exceed 1.5g/day nor be administered for a period longer than 10 days. A maximum total adult dose of 15g should not be exceeded.
Urinary tract infections (other than pseudomonal infections): 7.5mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses (equivalent to 250 mg b.i.d. in adults).
Impaired renal function: In patients with impaired renal function, the daily dose should be reduced and/or the intervals between doses increased to avoid accumulation of the drug.
AdministrationView
Intramuscular or intravenous administration: For most infections the intramuscular route is preferred, but in life threatening infections, or in patients in whom intramuscular injection route is not feasible the intravenous route may be used.
Intraperitoneal use: Amikacin may be used as an irrigant after recovery from anesthesia in concentration of 0.25%.
Intraperitoneal use: Amikacin may be used as an irrigant after recovery from anesthesia in concentration of 0.25%.
Side effectsView
The adverse effects have been reported with the use of Amikacin are tinnitus, vertigo, partial reversible or irreversible deafness, skin rash, drug fever, headache, paraesthesia, nausea and vomiting.
ContraindicationsView
Amikacin Injection is contraindicated in patients with a known history of hypersensitivity to Amikacin, any constituents of the injection.
PrecautionsView
Since Amikacin is present in high concentrations in the renal excretory system, patients should be well hydrated to minimize chemical irritation of the renal tubules. If azotemia increases, treatment should be stopped. Monitoring of renal function during treatment with aminoglycosides is particularly important.
InteractionsView
Concurrent administration of Amikacin with myorelaxants leads to potentiation of their effects and there is a possibility of cessation of the breathing. The combination with other Aminoglycoside antibiotics should be avoided because of the augmentation of their ototoxic and nephrotoxic effects. Concurrent administration of Amikacin with fast acting diuretics increases the risk of ototoxicity in patients with renal failure. Combination with Cephalosporins or Polymixins increases the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Amikacin rapidly crosses the placenta into the foetal circulation and amniotic fluid and there is a potential risk of ototoxicity in the foetus. There is no information available regarding the safety of this drug during breastfeeding.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness of Amikacin for injection in children or adolescents under 16 years have not been established
Overdose effectsView
In the event of overdose or toxic reaction, peritoneal dialysis or haemodialysis will aid in the removal of Amikacin from the blood.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Akicin
Amikacin
Akicin
Amikacin
Indications
Urinary tract infection
Indication detailsView
Amikacin is indicated in the short-term treatment of serious infections due to susceptible strains of Gram-negative bacteria. Amikacin is effective in bacterial septicemia (including neonatal sepsis); in serious infections of the respiratory tract, bones and joints, central nervous system (including meningitis) and skin and soft tissue; intra-abdominal infections (including peritonitis); and in burns and postoperative infections (including postvascular surgery). Clinical studies have shown Amikacin also to be effective in serious complicated and recurrent urinary tract infections due to those organisms.
Amikacin was effective in infections caused by gentamicin and/or tobramycin-resistant strains of Gram-negative organisms, particularly Proteus rettgeri, Providencia stuartii, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Amikacin has also been shown to be effective in staphylococci infections and may be considered as initial therapy under certain conditions in the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease such as, severe infections where the causative organism may be either a Gram-negative bacterium or a staphylococcus.
Amikacin was effective in infections caused by gentamicin and/or tobramycin-resistant strains of Gram-negative organisms, particularly Proteus rettgeri, Providencia stuartii, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Amikacin has also been shown to be effective in staphylococci infections and may be considered as initial therapy under certain conditions in the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease such as, severe infections where the causative organism may be either a Gram-negative bacterium or a staphylococcus.
Therapeutic classView
Aminoglycosides
PharmacologyView
Amikacin Sulfate is a semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic. Amikacin is active in vitro against pseudomonas species, Escherichia coli, Proteus species, Providencia species, Klebsiella-Enterobacter species, Acinetobacter species, and Citrobacter freundii. When strains of the above organisms are found to be resistant to other aminoglycosides, including Gentamicin, TobrAmykin and KanAmykin, many are susceptible to Amikacin. Amikacin sulfate is active in vitro against penicillinase and nonpenicillinase-producing Staphylococcus species including methicillin-resistant strains.
DosageView
Adults and children: 15 mg/kg/day in two equally-divided doses (equivalent to 500 mg bid in adults). Use of the 100 mg is recommended for children for the accurate measurement of the appropriate dose.
Neonates and premature children: An initial loading dose of 10 mg/kg followed by 15 mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses.
Elderly: Amikacin is excreted by the renal route. Renal function should be assessed whenever possible and dosage adjusted as described under impaired renal function.
Life-threatening infections and/or those caused by Pseudomonas: The adult dose may be increased to 500 mg every eight hours but should neither exceed 1.5g/day nor be administered for a period longer than 10 days. A maximum total adult dose of 15g should not be exceeded.
Urinary tract infections (other than pseudomonal infections): 7.5mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses (equivalent to 250 mg b.i.d. in adults).
Impaired renal function: In patients with impaired renal function, the daily dose should be reduced and/or the intervals between doses increased to avoid accumulation of the drug.
Neonates and premature children: An initial loading dose of 10 mg/kg followed by 15 mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses.
Elderly: Amikacin is excreted by the renal route. Renal function should be assessed whenever possible and dosage adjusted as described under impaired renal function.
Life-threatening infections and/or those caused by Pseudomonas: The adult dose may be increased to 500 mg every eight hours but should neither exceed 1.5g/day nor be administered for a period longer than 10 days. A maximum total adult dose of 15g should not be exceeded.
Urinary tract infections (other than pseudomonal infections): 7.5mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses (equivalent to 250 mg b.i.d. in adults).
Impaired renal function: In patients with impaired renal function, the daily dose should be reduced and/or the intervals between doses increased to avoid accumulation of the drug.
AdministrationView
Intramuscular or intravenous administration: For most infections the intramuscular route is preferred, but in life threatening infections, or in patients in whom intramuscular injection route is not feasible the intravenous route may be used.
Intraperitoneal use: Amikacin may be used as an irrigant after recovery from anesthesia in concentration of 0.25%.
Intraperitoneal use: Amikacin may be used as an irrigant after recovery from anesthesia in concentration of 0.25%.
Side effectsView
The adverse effects have been reported with the use of Amikacin are tinnitus, vertigo, partial reversible or irreversible deafness, skin rash, drug fever, headache, paraesthesia, nausea and vomiting.
ContraindicationsView
Amikacin Injection is contraindicated in patients with a known history of hypersensitivity to Amikacin, any constituents of the injection.
PrecautionsView
Since Amikacin is present in high concentrations in the renal excretory system, patients should be well hydrated to minimize chemical irritation of the renal tubules. If azotemia increases, treatment should be stopped. Monitoring of renal function during treatment with aminoglycosides is particularly important.
InteractionsView
Concurrent administration of Amikacin with myorelaxants leads to potentiation of their effects and there is a possibility of cessation of the breathing. The combination with other Aminoglycoside antibiotics should be avoided because of the augmentation of their ototoxic and nephrotoxic effects. Concurrent administration of Amikacin with fast acting diuretics increases the risk of ototoxicity in patients with renal failure. Combination with Cephalosporins or Polymixins increases the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Amikacin rapidly crosses the placenta into the foetal circulation and amniotic fluid and there is a potential risk of ototoxicity in the foetus. There is no information available regarding the safety of this drug during breastfeeding.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness of Amikacin for injection in children or adolescents under 16 years have not been established
Overdose effectsView
In the event of overdose or toxic reaction, peritoneal dialysis or haemodialysis will aid in the removal of Amikacin from the blood.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Aknill
Isotretinoin (Topical)
Aknill
Isotretinoin (Topical)
Indications
Acne vulgaris
Indication detailsView
Isotretinoin topical gel is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne vulgaris.
Therapeutic classView
Topical retinoid and related preparations
PharmacologyView
Isotretinoin produces its effects through altering progress through the cell cycle, cell differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. These actions reduce sebum production, preventing the blockage of pores, and growth of acne causing bacteria. Isotretinoin and 4-oxo-isotretinoin both significantly reduce the production of sebum. Isotretinoin has little to no affinity for retinol binding proteins (RBPs) and retinoic acid nuclear receptors (RARs). Tretinoin and 4-oxo-tretinion bind to the RAR-γ receptor, which is suspected to be part of the action of acne treatment by isotretinoin. Isotretinoin induces apoptosis in sebocytes, leading to a decrease in sebum production. Isotretinoin also reduces the formation of comedones by reducing hyperkeratinization through an unknown mechanism. Isotretinoin does not directly kill bacteria but it does reduce the size of sebum ducts and makes the microenvironment less hospitable to acne causing bacteria. It may also increase immune mechanisms and alter chemotaxis of monocytes to reduce inflammation.
DosageView
Apply Isotretinoin 0.05% gel cautiously over the affected area once or twice daily. Patients should be advised that 6-8 weeks of treatment may be required before a therapeutic effect is observed. The safety and efficacy of Isotretinoin have not been established in children since acne vulgaris rarely present in this age group. There are no specific recommendations for use in the elderly. Acne vulgaris does not present in the elderly.
Side effectsView
In normal use, Isotretinoin may cause stinging, burning or irritation; erythema and peeling at the site of application may occur. If undue irritation occurs, treatment should be interrupted temporarily and resumed once the reaction subsides. If irritation persists, treatment should be discontinued. Reactions will normally resolve on discontinuation of therapy.
ContraindicationsView
Isotretinoin 0.05% gel is contra-indicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Isotretinoin.
PrecautionsView
Contact with the mouth, eyes and mucous membranes and with abraded or eczematous skin should be avoided. Care should be taken not to let the medication accumulate in skin fold areas and in the angles of the nose. Application to sensitive areas of skin, such as the neck, should be made with caution. Although Tretinoin has not been shown to initiate or promote carcinogenesis in humans, Tretinoin applied topically to albino hairless mice had resulted in a dose-related acceleration in ultraviolet-B radiation induced cutaneous tumours. The same author also observed the opposite effect in another study of low, non-irritating concentrations of Tretinoin. The significance of these findings as related to man is unknown; however, caution should be observed in patients with a personal or family history of cutaneous epithelioma. Exposure to sunlight of areas treated with Isotretinoin should be avoided or minimised. When exposure to strong sunlight cannot be avoided a sunscreen product and protective clothing should be used. Patients with sunburn should not use Isotretinoin due to the possibility of increased sensitivity to sunlight. The use of sunlamps should be avoided during treatment.
InteractionsView
Concomitant topical medication should be used with caution during therapy with Isotretinoin. Particular caution should be exercised when using preparations containing a peeling agent (for example Benzoyl Peroxide) or abrasive cleansers.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category B. There is inadequate evidence of the safety of topically applied Isotretinoin in human pregnancy. Isotretinoin has been associated with teratogenicity in humans when administered systemically. Reproduction studies conducted in rabbits using Isotretinoin applied topically at up to 60 times the human dose have, however, revealed no harm to the foetus. The use of Isotretinoin should be avoided during pregnancy. Percutaneous absorption of Isotretinoin from Isotretinoin 0.05% gel is negligible. It is not known, however, whether Isotretinoin is excreted in human milk. Isotretinoin should not be used during lactation.
Overdose effectsView
Acute overdosage of Isotretinoin has not been reported to date. Accidental ingestion of Isotretinoin resulting in overdosage of Isotretinoin could be expected to induce symptoms of hypervitaminosis A. These include severe headaches, nausea or vomiting, drowsiness, irritability and pruritus.
StorageView
Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light.
Aktivex
Naproxen Sodium
Aktivex
Naproxen Sodium
Indications
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Indication detailsView
Naproxen is indicated for the relief of sign and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile arthritis, tendonitis, bursitis & acute gout. It is also indicated for the management of primary dysmenorrhea & pain.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Osteoarthritis, Drugs used for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
PharmacologyView
Naproxen is a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, analgesic & antipyretic properties. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and achieves 95% bioavailability.
DosageView
Naproxen Tablet-
- Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: The usual dose is 500-1000 mg daily in two divided doses after meals.
- Management of pain, primary dysmenorrhea, acute tendonitis & bursitis: Recommended starting dose is 500 mg followed by 500 mg every 12 hours or 250 mg every 6-8 hours. The initial total daily dose should not exceed 1250 mg and thereafter, the total daily dose should not exceed 1000 mg.
- Acute gout: Recommended starting dose is 750 mg followed by 250 mg every 8 hours until the attack has subsided.
- For Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: The usual dose for children over 2 years is 10 mg/kg/day given as two divided doses at 12-hours intervals. Therapy in children under 2 years of age is not recommended.
- Is to be applied 2-6 times a day as required and is not recommended for use in children.
Side effectsView
Most frequently reported side effects include following:
- Gastrointestinal: Heartburn, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, dyspepsia.
- Central Nervous System: Headache, vertigo, drowsiness.
- Dermatological: Pruritus (itching), purpura.
- Cardiovascular: Edema, palpitation.
- Others: Visual disturbances, hearing disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
Naproxen is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Naproxen. It should not be given to patients who have experienced asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs. It is contraindicated for the treatment of perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
InteractionsView
ACE inhibitors: diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors.
Antacids & Sucralfate: delay the absorption of Naproxen.
Aspirin: increase adverse effects.
Diuretics: reduce the natriuretic effect of Furosemide and Thiazides.
Methotrexate: enhance the toxicity of Methotrexate.
Warfarin: increase the risk of GI bleeding.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI): increase the risk of GI bleeding.
Antacids & Sucralfate: delay the absorption of Naproxen.
Aspirin: increase adverse effects.
Diuretics: reduce the natriuretic effect of Furosemide and Thiazides.
Methotrexate: enhance the toxicity of Methotrexate.
Warfarin: increase the risk of GI bleeding.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI): increase the risk of GI bleeding.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Naproxen is C. So, Naproxen should be avoided in pregnancy & lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Aktivex
Naproxen Sodium
Aktivex
Naproxen Sodium
Indications
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Indication detailsView
Naproxen is indicated for the relief of sign and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile arthritis, tendonitis, bursitis & acute gout. It is also indicated for the management of primary dysmenorrhea & pain.
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Osteoarthritis, Drugs used for Rheumatoid Arthritis, Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
PharmacologyView
Naproxen is a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, analgesic & antipyretic properties. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and achieves 95% bioavailability.
DosageView
Naproxen Tablet-
- Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: The usual dose is 500-1000 mg daily in two divided doses after meals.
- Management of pain, primary dysmenorrhea, acute tendonitis & bursitis: Recommended starting dose is 500 mg followed by 500 mg every 12 hours or 250 mg every 6-8 hours. The initial total daily dose should not exceed 1250 mg and thereafter, the total daily dose should not exceed 1000 mg.
- Acute gout: Recommended starting dose is 750 mg followed by 250 mg every 8 hours until the attack has subsided.
- For Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: The usual dose for children over 2 years is 10 mg/kg/day given as two divided doses at 12-hours intervals. Therapy in children under 2 years of age is not recommended.
- Is to be applied 2-6 times a day as required and is not recommended for use in children.
Side effectsView
Most frequently reported side effects include following:
- Gastrointestinal: Heartburn, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, dyspepsia.
- Central Nervous System: Headache, vertigo, drowsiness.
- Dermatological: Pruritus (itching), purpura.
- Cardiovascular: Edema, palpitation.
- Others: Visual disturbances, hearing disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
Naproxen is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Naproxen. It should not be given to patients who have experienced asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs. It is contraindicated for the treatment of perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
InteractionsView
ACE inhibitors: diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors.
Antacids & Sucralfate: delay the absorption of Naproxen.
Aspirin: increase adverse effects.
Diuretics: reduce the natriuretic effect of Furosemide and Thiazides.
Methotrexate: enhance the toxicity of Methotrexate.
Warfarin: increase the risk of GI bleeding.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI): increase the risk of GI bleeding.
Antacids & Sucralfate: delay the absorption of Naproxen.
Aspirin: increase adverse effects.
Diuretics: reduce the natriuretic effect of Furosemide and Thiazides.
Methotrexate: enhance the toxicity of Methotrexate.
Warfarin: increase the risk of GI bleeding.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI): increase the risk of GI bleeding.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Naproxen is C. So, Naproxen should be avoided in pregnancy & lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Alaclov
Valacyclovir
Alaclov
Valacyclovir
Indications
Varicella zoster (chickenpox)
Indication detailsView
Valacyclovir is indicated for the treatment of Herpes zoster (shingles). It is indicated for the treatment or suppression of genital herpes in immuno-competent individuals and for the suppression of recurrent genital herpes in HIV infected individuals. It is also indicated for the treatment of cold sores (Herpes labialis).
Therapeutic classView
Herpes simplex & Varicella-zoster virus infections
PharmacologyView
Valacyclovir is the hydrochloride salt of L-valyl ester of the antiviral drug acyclovir. Valacyclovir is an antiviral drug. It slows the growth and spread of the herpes virus so that the body can fight off the infection. Valacyclovir lessens the symptoms of infections and shortens the length of time of sickness. Valacyclovir is used in the treatment and suppression of genital herpes, shingles and cold sores.
DosageView
Adult Dosage:
Cold Sores: 2 grams every 12 hours for 1 dayGenital Herpes:
- Initial episode: 1 gram twice daily for 10 days
- Recurrent episodes: 500 mg twice daily for 3 days Suppressive therapy
- Immunocompetent patients: 1 gram once daily
- Alternate dose in patients with < 9 recurrences/year: 500 mg once daily
- HIV-infected patients: 500 mg twice daily
- Reduction of transmission: 500 mg once daily
Pediatric Dosage:
- Cold Sores (> 12 years of age): 2 grams every 12 hours for 1 day
- Chickenpox (2 to < 18 years of age): 20 mg/kg 3 times daily for 5 days; not to exceed 1 gram 3 times daily
Side effectsView
The most frequently reported adverse reactions were nausea (15%), headache (14%), vomiting (6%), dizziness (3%) and abdominal pain (3%).
ContraindicationsView
Valacyclovir is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity or intolerance to valacyclovir, acyclovir, or any component of the formulation.
PrecautionsView
Dosage reduction is recommended when administering valacyclovir to patients with renal impairment. Similar caution should be exercised when administering valacyclovir to geriatric patients and patients receiving potentially nephrotoxic agents. The safety and efficacy of valacyclovir have not been established in immuno compromised patients other than for the suppression of genital herpes in HIVinfected patients
InteractionsView
No dosage adjustment is recommended when valacyclovir is coadministered with digoxin, antacids, thiazide diuretics, cimetidine or probenecid in subjects with normal renal function.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy category B. Valacyclovir was not teratogenic in rats or rabbits at 10 and 7 times human plasma levels, respectively, during the period of major organogenesis. There is no adequate and well-controlled studies of valacyclovir in pregnant women.
Nursing Mothers: Unchanged valacyclovir was not detected in maternal serum, breast milk, or infant urine. Valacyclovir should be administered to a nursing mother with caution and only when indicated.
Nursing Mothers: Unchanged valacyclovir was not detected in maternal serum, breast milk, or infant urine. Valacyclovir should be administered to a nursing mother with caution and only when indicated.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness of valacyclovir in pre-pubertal pediatric patients have not been established.
Elderly Use (Over 65 yr.): Elderly patients may require a dose reduction of valacyclovir due to a low body weight or disorders (renal, CNS etc.) associated with aging.
Elderly Use (Over 65 yr.): Elderly patients may require a dose reduction of valacyclovir due to a low body weight or disorders (renal, CNS etc.) associated with aging.
StorageView
Store in cool & dry place, away from children.
Alacot
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Alacot
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Olopatadine is indicated for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs
PharmacologyView
Olopatadine is an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H1‐antagonist that inhibits the in vivo and in vitro type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Olopatadine is devoid of effects on alpha adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Following topical ocular administration in human, olopatadine was shown to have low systemic exposure.
DosageView
0.1% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye two times per day at an interval of 6 to 8 hours.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
Side effectsView
Headaches have been reported at an incidence of 7%. The following adverse experiences have been reported in less than 5% of patients: Asthenia, blurred vision, burning or stinging, cold syndrome, dry eye, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, hypersensitivity, keratitis, lid edema, nausea, pharyngitis, pruritus, rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion
ContraindicationsView
Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in persons with a known hypersensitivity to Olopatadine Hydrochloride.
PrecautionsView
Olopatadine HCl ophthalmic solution should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation. Patients who wear soft contact lenses should be instructed to wait at least ten minutes after instilling Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution before they insert their contact lenses.
InteractionsView
May result in additive CNS depression with CNS depressants.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal studies are not always predictive of human responses, this drug should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
Pediatric usageView
Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed betweents.
Overdose effectsView
Symptoms: Drowsiness in adults and, initially, agitation and restlessness, followed by drowsiness in childn.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
StorageView
Store below 30° C in a cool and dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to surfaces since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.
Alacot DS
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Alacot DS
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Olopatadine is indicated for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs
PharmacologyView
Olopatadine is an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H1‐antagonist that inhibits the in vivo and in vitro type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Olopatadine is devoid of effects on alpha adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Following topical ocular administration in human, olopatadine was shown to have low systemic exposure.
DosageView
0.1% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye two times per day at an interval of 6 to 8 hours.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
Side effectsView
Headaches have been reported at an incidence of 7%. The following adverse experiences have been reported in less than 5% of patients: Asthenia, blurred vision, burning or stinging, cold syndrome, dry eye, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, hypersensitivity, keratitis, lid edema, nausea, pharyngitis, pruritus, rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion
ContraindicationsView
Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in persons with a known hypersensitivity to Olopatadine Hydrochloride.
PrecautionsView
Olopatadine HCl ophthalmic solution should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation. Patients who wear soft contact lenses should be instructed to wait at least ten minutes after instilling Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution before they insert their contact lenses.
InteractionsView
May result in additive CNS depression with CNS depressants.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal studies are not always predictive of human responses, this drug should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
Pediatric usageView
Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed betweents.
Overdose effectsView
Symptoms: Drowsiness in adults and, initially, agitation and restlessness, followed by drowsiness in childn.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
StorageView
Store below 30° C in a cool and dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to surfaces since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.
Alacot Max
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Alacot Max
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Olopatadine is indicated for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs
PharmacologyView
Olopatadine is an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H1‐antagonist that inhibits the in vivo and in vitro type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Olopatadine is devoid of effects on alpha adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Following topical ocular administration in human, olopatadine was shown to have low systemic exposure.
DosageView
0.1% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye two times per day at an interval of 6 to 8 hours.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
Side effectsView
Headaches have been reported at an incidence of 7%. The following adverse experiences have been reported in less than 5% of patients: Asthenia, blurred vision, burning or stinging, cold syndrome, dry eye, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, hypersensitivity, keratitis, lid edema, nausea, pharyngitis, pruritus, rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion
ContraindicationsView
Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in persons with a known hypersensitivity to Olopatadine Hydrochloride.
PrecautionsView
Olopatadine HCl ophthalmic solution should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation. Patients who wear soft contact lenses should be instructed to wait at least ten minutes after instilling Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution before they insert their contact lenses.
InteractionsView
May result in additive CNS depression with CNS depressants.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal studies are not always predictive of human responses, this drug should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
Pediatric usageView
Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed betweents.
Overdose effectsView
Symptoms: Drowsiness in adults and, initially, agitation and restlessness, followed by drowsiness in childn.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
StorageView
Store below 30° C in a cool and dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to surfaces since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.
Aladay
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Aladay
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Olopatadine is indicated for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs
PharmacologyView
Olopatadine is an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H1‐antagonist that inhibits the in vivo and in vitro type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Olopatadine is devoid of effects on alpha adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Following topical ocular administration in human, olopatadine was shown to have low systemic exposure.
DosageView
0.1% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye two times per day at an interval of 6 to 8 hours.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
Side effectsView
Headaches have been reported at an incidence of 7%. The following adverse experiences have been reported in less than 5% of patients: Asthenia, blurred vision, burning or stinging, cold syndrome, dry eye, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, hypersensitivity, keratitis, lid edema, nausea, pharyngitis, pruritus, rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion
ContraindicationsView
Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in persons with a known hypersensitivity to Olopatadine Hydrochloride.
PrecautionsView
Olopatadine HCl ophthalmic solution should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation. Patients who wear soft contact lenses should be instructed to wait at least ten minutes after instilling Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution before they insert their contact lenses.
InteractionsView
May result in additive CNS depression with CNS depressants.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal studies are not always predictive of human responses, this drug should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
Pediatric usageView
Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed betweents.
Overdose effectsView
Symptoms: Drowsiness in adults and, initially, agitation and restlessness, followed by drowsiness in childn.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
StorageView
Store below 30° C in a cool and dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to surfaces since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.
Aladay DS
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Aladay DS
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Olopatadine is indicated for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs
PharmacologyView
Olopatadine is an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H1‐antagonist that inhibits the in vivo and in vitro type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Olopatadine is devoid of effects on alpha adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Following topical ocular administration in human, olopatadine was shown to have low systemic exposure.
DosageView
0.1% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye two times per day at an interval of 6 to 8 hours.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
Side effectsView
Headaches have been reported at an incidence of 7%. The following adverse experiences have been reported in less than 5% of patients: Asthenia, blurred vision, burning or stinging, cold syndrome, dry eye, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, hypersensitivity, keratitis, lid edema, nausea, pharyngitis, pruritus, rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion
ContraindicationsView
Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in persons with a known hypersensitivity to Olopatadine Hydrochloride.
PrecautionsView
Olopatadine HCl ophthalmic solution should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation. Patients who wear soft contact lenses should be instructed to wait at least ten minutes after instilling Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution before they insert their contact lenses.
InteractionsView
May result in additive CNS depression with CNS depressants.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal studies are not always predictive of human responses, this drug should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
Pediatric usageView
Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed betweents.
Overdose effectsView
Symptoms: Drowsiness in adults and, initially, agitation and restlessness, followed by drowsiness in childn.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
StorageView
Store below 30° C in a cool and dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to surfaces since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.
Aladay Max
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Aladay Max
Olopatadine Hydrochloride (Ophthalmic)
Indications
Rhinitis
Indication detailsView
Olopatadine is indicated for the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.
Therapeutic classView
Ophthalmic Non-Steroid drugs
PharmacologyView
Olopatadine is an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H1‐antagonist that inhibits the in vivo and in vitro type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Olopatadine is devoid of effects on alpha adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Following topical ocular administration in human, olopatadine was shown to have low systemic exposure.
DosageView
0.1% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye two times per day at an interval of 6 to 8 hours.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
0.2% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in the affected eye once a day.
0.7% Sterile Eye Drops: One drop in each affected eye once a day.
Side effectsView
Headaches have been reported at an incidence of 7%. The following adverse experiences have been reported in less than 5% of patients: Asthenia, blurred vision, burning or stinging, cold syndrome, dry eye, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, hypersensitivity, keratitis, lid edema, nausea, pharyngitis, pruritus, rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion
ContraindicationsView
Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in persons with a known hypersensitivity to Olopatadine Hydrochloride.
PrecautionsView
Olopatadine HCl ophthalmic solution should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation. Patients who wear soft contact lenses should be instructed to wait at least ten minutes after instilling Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution before they insert their contact lenses.
InteractionsView
May result in additive CNS depression with CNS depressants.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal studies are not always predictive of human responses, this drug should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised when Olopatadine Hydrochloride ophthalmic solution is administered to a nursing mother.
Pediatric usageView
Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed betweents.
Overdose effectsView
Symptoms: Drowsiness in adults and, initially, agitation and restlessness, followed by drowsiness in childn.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
Management: Symptomatic or supportive treatment.
StorageView
Store below 30° C in a cool and dry place protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not touch the dropper tip to surfaces since this may contaminate the solution. Do not use after 30 days of first opening.