Medicines
Find Medicines
Search 21,000+ medicines by brand, generic, indication, or drug class
D-Star
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D-Star
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D-Star
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D-Star
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D-Star
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D-Star
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D-Toin
Phenytoin Sodium
D-Toin
Phenytoin Sodium
Indications
Tonic-clonic status epilepticus
Indication detailsView
Parenteral Phenytoin is indicated for the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, and prevention and treatment of seizures occurring during neurosurgery. Intravenous Phenytoin can also be substituted, as short-term use, for oral phenytoin. Parenteral Phenytoin should be used only when oral Phenytoin administration is not possible
Therapeutic classView
Adjunct anti-epileptic drugs
PharmacologyView
Phenytoin acts as an anticonvulsant by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell membranes in the motor cortex during generation of nerve impulses; thus stabilising neuronal membranes and decreasing seizure activity. It acts as an antiarrhythmic by extending the effective refractory period and suppressing ventricular pacemaker automaticity, shortening action potential in the heart.
DosageView
Oral: Epilepsy:
- Adult: Initially, 3-4 mg/kg daily as single dose or in divided doses. Alternatively, 150-300 mg daily increased gradually to 600 mg daily if necessary. Maintenance: 200-500 mg daily.
- Child: Initially, 5 mg/kg daily in 2-3 divided doses. Maintenance: 4-8 mg/kg daily in divided doses. Max dose: 300 mg daily.
- Adult: Adjunctive therapy with a benzodiazepine (e.g. diazepam): 10-15 mg/kg by slow inj or intermittent infusion at a max rate of 50 mg/min. Maintenance: 100 mg IV (or orally) given every 6-8 hr.
- Child: Neonates: 20 mg/kg as a loading dose, then 2.5-5 mg/kg bid; 1 mth-12 yr: 18 mg/kg as a loading dose, then 2.5-5 mg/kg bid; >12 yr: 18 mg/kg as a loading dose, then up to 100 mg 3-4 times daily.
AdministrationView
Should be taken with food. When administering to patients on nasogastric or other enteral feeds, do not administer feeds 2 hr before or after a dose. Be consistent throughout therapy in relation to feed times. Do not switch dosage forms/brands w/o prior consideration.
Side effectsView
Hypersensitivity, lack of appetite, headache, dizziness, tremor, transient nervousness, insomnia, GI disturbances (e.g. nausea, vomiting, constipation), tenderness and hyperplasia of the gums, acne, hirsutism, coarsening of the facial features, rashes, osteomalacia. Phenytoin toxicity as manifested as a syndrome of cerebellar, vestibular, ocular effects, notably nystagmus, diplopia, slurred speech, and ataxia; also with mental confusion, dyskinesias, exacerbations of seizure frequency, hyperglycaemia. Solutions for inj may cause local irritation or phlebitis. Prolonged use may produce subtle effects on mental function and cognition, especially in children.
ContraindicationsView
Phenytoin Sodium is contraindicated in patients with:
- A history of hypersensitivity to phenytoin, its inactive ingredients, or other hydantoins
- Sinus bradycardia, sino-atrial block, second and third degree A-V block, and Adams-Stokes syndrome because of the effect of parenteral phenytoin on ventricular automaticity.
- A history of prior acute hepatotoxicity attributable to phenytoin
- Coadministration with delavirdine because of the potential for loss of virologic response and possible resistance to delavirdine or to the class of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
PrecautionsView
Cardiovascular disease, e.g. sinus bradycardia, heart blocks; DM; hepatic impairment; hypoalbuminemia; porphyria; seizures (may increase frequency of petit mal seizures); debilitated patients; elderly. Caution in IV admin in hypotension, heart failure or MI, monitor BP and ECG during therapy. IV must be given slowly (too rapid admin may cause hypotension, CNS depression, cardiac arrhythmias and impaired heart conduction). Extravasation and intra-arterial admin must be avoided. Do not discontinue abruptly (may increase seizure frequency), unless safety concerns require a more rapid withdrawal. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery.
InteractionsView
Effects with other sedative drugs or ethanol may be potentiated. Enhances toxic effects of paracetamol, lithium. Increased risk of osteomalacia with acetazolamide. Decreased serum levels/effects with acyclovir, antineoplastics, benzodiazeines, ciprofloxacin, CYP2C9 inducers (e.g. carbamazepine), CYP2C19 inducers (e.g. rifampin), folic acid, vigabatrin. Increased serum concentrations with allopurinol, capecitabine, cimetidine, CYP2C9 inhibitors (e.g. fluconazole), CYP2C19 inhibitors (e.g. delavirdine), disulfiram, methylphenidate, metronidazole, omeprazole, SSRI, trazodone, trimethoprim. Increases metabolism of antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, chloramphenicol, corticosteroids, doxycycline, oestrogens, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, methadone, theophylline, TCAs. Decreases levels/effects of clozapine, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, CYP2B6 substrates (e.g. bupropion, selegiline), CYP2C8 substrates (e.g. amiodarone), CYP2C9 substrates (e.g. celecoxib), CYP2C19 substrates (e.g. citalopram), CYP3A4 substrates (e.g. benzodiazepines), digoxin, itraconazole, levodopa, neuromuscular-blocking agents, thyroid hormones, topiramate. Increases levels/effect of dopamine, ticlopidine. Valproic acid may displace phenytoin from binding sites; and affect phenytoin serum concentrations. Transiently increases the hypothrombinaemia response to warfarin initially, followed by an inhibition of the response.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Category D: There is positive evidence of human foetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk (e.g., if the drug is needed in a life-threatening situation or for a serious disease for which safer drugs cannot be used or are ineffective).
Pediatric usageView
Pediatric Use: A loading dose of 15 to 20 mg/kg of Phenytoin intravenously will usually produce serum concentrations of phenytoin within the generally accepted serum total concentrations between 10 and 20 mcg/mL (unbound phenytoin concentrations of 1 to 2 mcg/mL). Because of the increased risk of adverse cardiovascular reactions associated with rapid administration Phenytoin should be injected slowly intravenously at a rate not exceeding 1 to 3 mg/kg/min or 50 mg per minute, whichever is slower
Geriatric Use: Phenytoin clearance tends to decrease with increasing age. Lower or less frequent dosing may be required
Renal and Hepatic Impairment Or Hypoalbuminemia: The liver is the site of biotransformation. Patients with impaired liver function, elderly patients, or those who are gravely ill may show early toxicity. Because the fraction of unbound phenytoin is increased in patients with renal or hepatic disease, or in those with hypoalbuminemia, the monitoring of phenytoin serum levels should be based on the unbound fraction in those patients.
Geriatric Use: Phenytoin clearance tends to decrease with increasing age. Lower or less frequent dosing may be required
Renal and Hepatic Impairment Or Hypoalbuminemia: The liver is the site of biotransformation. Patients with impaired liver function, elderly patients, or those who are gravely ill may show early toxicity. Because the fraction of unbound phenytoin is increased in patients with renal or hepatic disease, or in those with hypoalbuminemia, the monitoring of phenytoin serum levels should be based on the unbound fraction in those patients.
Overdose effectsView
The lethal dose in pediatric patients is not known. The lethal dose in adults is estimated to be 2 to 5 grams. The initial symptoms are nystagmus, ataxia, and dysarthria. Other signs are tremor, hyperreflexia, lethargy, slurred speech, blurred vision, nausea, and vomiting. The patient may become comatose and hypotensive. Death is caused by respiratory and circulatory depression.
There are marked variations among individuals with respect to phenytoin serum levels where toxicity may occur. Nystagmus, on lateral gaze, usually appears at 20 mcg/mL, ataxia at 30 mcg/mL, dysarthria and lethargy appear when the serum concentration is over 40 mcg/mL, but as high a concentration as 50 mcg/mL has been reported without evidence of toxicity. As much as 25 times the therapeutic dose has been taken to result in a serum concentration over 100 mcg/mL with complete recovery. Irreversible cerebellar dysfunction and atrophy have been reported.
Treatment: Treatment is nonspecific since there is no known antidote. The adequacy of the respiratory and circulatory systems should be carefully observed and appropriate supportive measures employed. Hemodialysis can be considered since phenytoin is not completely bound to plasma proteins. Total exchange transfusion has been used in the treatment of severe intoxication in pediatric patients. In acute overdosage the possibility of other CNS depressants, including alcohol, should be borne in mind.
There are marked variations among individuals with respect to phenytoin serum levels where toxicity may occur. Nystagmus, on lateral gaze, usually appears at 20 mcg/mL, ataxia at 30 mcg/mL, dysarthria and lethargy appear when the serum concentration is over 40 mcg/mL, but as high a concentration as 50 mcg/mL has been reported without evidence of toxicity. As much as 25 times the therapeutic dose has been taken to result in a serum concentration over 100 mcg/mL with complete recovery. Irreversible cerebellar dysfunction and atrophy have been reported.
Treatment: Treatment is nonspecific since there is no known antidote. The adequacy of the respiratory and circulatory systems should be carefully observed and appropriate supportive measures employed. Hemodialysis can be considered since phenytoin is not completely bound to plasma proteins. Total exchange transfusion has been used in the treatment of severe intoxication in pediatric patients. In acute overdosage the possibility of other CNS depressants, including alcohol, should be borne in mind.
StorageView
Intravenous: Store at room temperature of 15-30°C.
Oral:
Oral:
- Tablet/capsule: Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture;
- Oral suspension: Store at room temperature of 20-25°C, do not freeze, protect from light.
D-Vine
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D-Vine
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D-Vine
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D-Vine
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D-Vine
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D-Vine
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D-Vital
Vitamin B1, B6 & B12
D-Vital
Vitamin B1, B6 & B12
Indications
Vitamin B deficiencies
Indication detailsView
Vitamin B1, B6 & B12 is indicated for the treatment of vitamin B1, B6 & B12 deficiency syndrome. It is also indicated for the supportive treatment of neuritis & non-inflammatory diseases of the nerves, e.g.- Diabetic neuropathy, Peripheral neuralgin, Lumbago, Myalgia, Optic neuritis, Sciatica, Facial neuralgia, Intercostal neuralgia, Spinal pain.
Therapeutic classView
Specific combined vitamin preparations
PharmacologyView
Vitamin B1 converts carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids into energy, promotes healthy nerves, improves mood, strengthens the heart. Vitamin B6 forms RBCs, helps cells to make proteins, manufactures neurotransmitters e.g. serotonin and releases stored forms of energy, helps to prevent CVS diseases and stroke, helps to lift depression and eases insomnia. Vitamin B12 is essential for cell replication and important for RBC production, prevents anemia, helps to prevent depression, reduces nerve pain, numbness, tingling and lowers the risk of heart diseases.
The vitamin ingredients are absorbed well in per oral reception. It is widely distributed to most tissues and appears in breast milk. Within the cell, thiamine is mostly present as diphosphate. Thiamine is not stored to any appreciable extent in the body and amounts in excess of the body’s requirements are excreted in the urine as unchanged thiamine or as metabolites. Pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine are readily absorbed from the GIT following oral administration and are converted to the active forms of pyridoxal phosphate an pyridoxamine phosphate. They are stored mainly in liver where there is oxidation to 4-pyridoxic acid and other inactive metabolites, which are excreted in urine. As the dose increases, proportionally greater amounts are excreted unchanged in the urine.
The vitamin ingredients are absorbed well in per oral reception. It is widely distributed to most tissues and appears in breast milk. Within the cell, thiamine is mostly present as diphosphate. Thiamine is not stored to any appreciable extent in the body and amounts in excess of the body’s requirements are excreted in the urine as unchanged thiamine or as metabolites. Pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine are readily absorbed from the GIT following oral administration and are converted to the active forms of pyridoxal phosphate an pyridoxamine phosphate. They are stored mainly in liver where there is oxidation to 4-pyridoxic acid and other inactive metabolites, which are excreted in urine. As the dose increases, proportionally greater amounts are excreted unchanged in the urine.
DosageView
Tablet: 1-3 Tablets per day or as advised by the physician.
Injection:
Injection:
- In severe (acute) cases: 1 injection daily until the acute symptoms subside or taken as advised by the physician.
- In mild cases: 1 injection 2-3 times per week. Ampoules are preferably injected intramuscularly.
Side effectsView
Generally well tolerated but allergic reactions may be observed in few cases.
ContraindicationsView
Vitamin B1, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12 is contraindicated in patients on levodopa therapy, and in patients with hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of the preparation.
PrecautionsView
Cyanocobalamin should not be given in patients with subacute degeneration of the spinal cord. Cyanocobalamin is not suitable form of vitamin B12 for the treatment of optic neuropathies associated with raised plasma concentrations of cyanocobalamin.
InteractionsView
No drug interaction has been reported yet.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Oral tablet form is recommended but due to the presence of benzyl alcohol, injection is not recommended during pregnancy & lactation.
Overdose effectsView
No overdosage symptoms are to be expected in the recommended dosage. If there is known overdose then treatment is symptomatic & supportive.
StorageView
Keep out of reach of children. Store in a cool (below 25°C temperature) and dry place, protected from light.
D-cort
Dexamethasone
D-cort
Dexamethasone
Indication detailsView
Allergic states: Control of severe or incapacitating allergic conditions intractable to adequate trials of conventional treatment in asthma, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, drug hypersensitivity reactions, perennial or seasonal allergic rhinitis and serum sickness.
Collagen disease: Like lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis etc.
Dermatologic diseases: Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, exfoliative erythroderma, mycosis fungoides, pemphigus and severe erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome).
Endocrine disorders: Primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia associated with cancer and nonsuppurative thyroiditis.
Gastrointestinal diseases: Regional enteritis and ulcerative colitis.
Hematologic disorders: Acquired (autoimmune) hemolytic anemia, congenital (erythroid) hypoplastic anemia (Diamond-Blackfan anemia), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults and selected cases of secondary thrombocytopenia.
Neoplastic diseases: Leukemias and lymphomas.
Nervous system: Acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis, cerebral edema associated with primary or metastatic brain tumor, craniotomy or head injury.
Ophthalmic diseases: Temporal arteritis, uveitis, and ocular inflammatory conditions unresponsive to topical corticosteroids.
Renal diseases: To induce a diuresis or remission of proteinuria in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or that due to lupus erythematosus.
Respiratory diseases: Berylliosis, fulminating or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis when used concurrently with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy, idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonias, symptomatic sarcoidosis.
Rheumatic disorders: As adjunctive therapy for short-term administration (to tide the patient over an acute episode or exacerbation) in acute gouty arthritis, acute rheumatic carditis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (selected cases may require low-dose maintenance therapy). For the treatment of dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Miscellaneous: Diagnostic testing of adrenocortical hyperfunction, trichinosis with neurologic or myocardial involvement, tuberculous meningitis with subarachnoid block or impending block when used with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy.
Collagen disease: Like lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis etc.
Dermatologic diseases: Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, exfoliative erythroderma, mycosis fungoides, pemphigus and severe erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome).
Endocrine disorders: Primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia associated with cancer and nonsuppurative thyroiditis.
Gastrointestinal diseases: Regional enteritis and ulcerative colitis.
Hematologic disorders: Acquired (autoimmune) hemolytic anemia, congenital (erythroid) hypoplastic anemia (Diamond-Blackfan anemia), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults and selected cases of secondary thrombocytopenia.
Neoplastic diseases: Leukemias and lymphomas.
Nervous system: Acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis, cerebral edema associated with primary or metastatic brain tumor, craniotomy or head injury.
Ophthalmic diseases: Temporal arteritis, uveitis, and ocular inflammatory conditions unresponsive to topical corticosteroids.
Renal diseases: To induce a diuresis or remission of proteinuria in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or that due to lupus erythematosus.
Respiratory diseases: Berylliosis, fulminating or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis when used concurrently with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy, idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonias, symptomatic sarcoidosis.
Rheumatic disorders: As adjunctive therapy for short-term administration (to tide the patient over an acute episode or exacerbation) in acute gouty arthritis, acute rheumatic carditis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (selected cases may require low-dose maintenance therapy). For the treatment of dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Miscellaneous: Diagnostic testing of adrenocortical hyperfunction, trichinosis with neurologic or myocardial involvement, tuberculous meningitis with subarachnoid block or impending block when used with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy.
PharmacologyView
Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid which decreases inflammation by inhibiting the migration of leukocytes and reversal of increased capillary permeability. It suppresses normal immune response.
DosageView
In general, glucocorticoid dosage depends on the severity of the condition and the response of the patient. If no favourable response is noted within a couple of days, continuation of glucocorticoid therapy is undesirable. In chronic conditions requiring long-term therapy the lowest dosage that provides adequate, but not necessarily complete, relief should be used.
For tablet:
For tablet:
- In adult patients, daily oral dosages vary from 1 mg to 10 mg and in children from 0.03-0.20 mg/kg body weight,according to the individual response.
- In some patients higher dosages may be temporarily required,to control the disease. As soon as circumstances permit,dosage should be decreased.
- For a short dexamethasone suppression test 1 mg dexamethasone is given at 11 p.m. and plasmacortisol measured the next morning.
- Patients who do not show a decrease in cortisol can be exposed to a longer test: 0.5 mg dexamethasone is given at 6-hour intervals
- for 48 hours followed by 2 mg every 6 hours for a further 48 hours. 24-hour urine collections are made before, during and at the end of the test for the determination of 17 alpha-hydroxycorticoids.
- Dexamethasone can be given by intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) or local injection. Dexamethasone injections can also be diluted with an infusion fluid or be injected directly into the infusion line.
- Intravenous injections of massive doses should be given slowly, over a period of several minutes.
- Intramuscular administration should be given by deep intramuscular injection,to prevent atrophy of the subcutaneous adipose tissues.
- Intra-articular injections should be given under strictly aseptic conditions as glucocorticoids decrease the resistance to infection. When diluted with these infusion fluids, Dexamethasone will keep its potency for at least 24 hours (at room temperature and in daylight conditions). As infusion fluids, Sodium chloride 0.9%, Anhydrous glucose 5%, Invert sugar 10%, Sorbitol 5%, Ringer's solution, Hartman's solution (Ringer-lactate) etc.can be used.
- The dosage of Dexamethasone depends on the severity of the condition and the response of the patient.
- For systemic therapy in adults, daily doses of 0.05-0.20 mg/kg body weight are usually sufficient. For emergencies (e.g. anaphylaxis, acute severe asthma, cerebral edema) substantially higher doses are required. An initial dose of 10-20 mg IV is followed by 6 mg IV or IM every 6 hours,until a satisfactory result has been obtained. Thereafter the dosage has to be tapered off gradually.
- Intra-articularly: 2-4 mg in large and 0.8-1 mg in small joints
- Intrabursally: 2-4 mg;in tendon sheaths:0.4-1 mg
- The frequency of these injections may vary from every 3-5 days to every 2-3 weeks
Side effectsView
The following adverse reactions have been associated with prolonged systemic glucocorticoid therapy.
Endocrine and metabolic disturbances: Cushing-like syndrome, hirsutism, menstrual irregularities, premature epiphyseal closure, secondary adrenocortical and pituitary unresponsiveness, decreased glucose tolerance, negative nitrogen and calcium balance.
Fluid and electrolyte disturbances: Sodium and fluid retention, hypertension, potassium loss, hypokalaemic alkalosis.
Musculo-skeletal effects: Myopathy, abdominal distension, osteoporosis, aseptic necrosis of femoral and humeral heads.
Gastro-intestinal effects: Gastric and duodenal ulceration, perforation and haemorrhage.
Dermatological effects: Impaired wound healing, skin atrophy, striae, petechiae and ecchymoses, bruising, facial erythema, increased sweating, acne.
Central Nervous System effects: Psychic disturbances ranging from euphoria to frank psychotic manifestations,convulsions,in children pseudotumor cerebri (benign intracranial hypertension) with vomiting and papilloedema.
Ophthalmic effects: Glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure, posterior subcapsular cataracts.
Immunosuppressive effects: Increased susceptibility to infections, decreased responsiveness to vaccination and skin tests.
Endocrine and metabolic disturbances: Cushing-like syndrome, hirsutism, menstrual irregularities, premature epiphyseal closure, secondary adrenocortical and pituitary unresponsiveness, decreased glucose tolerance, negative nitrogen and calcium balance.
Fluid and electrolyte disturbances: Sodium and fluid retention, hypertension, potassium loss, hypokalaemic alkalosis.
Musculo-skeletal effects: Myopathy, abdominal distension, osteoporosis, aseptic necrosis of femoral and humeral heads.
Gastro-intestinal effects: Gastric and duodenal ulceration, perforation and haemorrhage.
Dermatological effects: Impaired wound healing, skin atrophy, striae, petechiae and ecchymoses, bruising, facial erythema, increased sweating, acne.
Central Nervous System effects: Psychic disturbances ranging from euphoria to frank psychotic manifestations,convulsions,in children pseudotumor cerebri (benign intracranial hypertension) with vomiting and papilloedema.
Ophthalmic effects: Glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure, posterior subcapsular cataracts.
Immunosuppressive effects: Increased susceptibility to infections, decreased responsiveness to vaccination and skin tests.
ContraindicationsView
- Gastric and duodenal ulcers.
- Systemic and ophthalmic fungal infections.
- Viral infections, e.g. varicella and herpes genitalis infections. Viral infections of the eye.
- Glaucoma.
- Hypersensitivity to corticosteroids
PrecautionsView
General: The lowest possible dose of corticosteroids should be used to control the condition under treatment.The reduction should be gradual.
Cardio-renal: These agents should be used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure,hypertension, or renal insufficiency.
Endocrine: Drug-induced secondary adrenocortical insufficiency may be minimized by gradual reduction of dosage.
Gastrointestinal: Steroids should be used with caution in active or latent peptic ulcers, diverticulitis, intestinal anastomoses, and nonspecific ulcerative colitis, since they may increase the risk of a perforation.
Musculoskeletal: Special consideration should be given to patients at increased risk of osteoporosis (e.g.,postmenopausal women) before initiating corticosteroid therapy.
Neuro-psychiatric: An acute myopathy has been observed with the use of high doses of corticosteroids, most often occurring in patients with myasthenia gravis or in patients receiving concomitant therapy with neuromuscular blocking drugs (e.g., pancuronium). Psychic derangements may appear ranging from euphoria, insomnia, mood swings, personality changes, and severe depression, to frank psychotic manifestations.
Cardio-renal: These agents should be used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure,hypertension, or renal insufficiency.
Endocrine: Drug-induced secondary adrenocortical insufficiency may be minimized by gradual reduction of dosage.
Gastrointestinal: Steroids should be used with caution in active or latent peptic ulcers, diverticulitis, intestinal anastomoses, and nonspecific ulcerative colitis, since they may increase the risk of a perforation.
Musculoskeletal: Special consideration should be given to patients at increased risk of osteoporosis (e.g.,postmenopausal women) before initiating corticosteroid therapy.
Neuro-psychiatric: An acute myopathy has been observed with the use of high doses of corticosteroids, most often occurring in patients with myasthenia gravis or in patients receiving concomitant therapy with neuromuscular blocking drugs (e.g., pancuronium). Psychic derangements may appear ranging from euphoria, insomnia, mood swings, personality changes, and severe depression, to frank psychotic manifestations.
InteractionsView
- Diuretics and/or cardiac glycosides, since potassium loss may be enhanced.This is a particular risk in patients using cardiac glycosides; since hypokalaemia increases the toxicity of these drugs.
- Antidiabetics, since glucocorticoids may impair glucose tolerance, thereby increasing the need for antidiabetic drugs.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, since the incidence and/or severity of gastro-intestinal ulceration may increase.
- Oral anti-coagulants since glucocorticoids may alter the need for these drugs.
- Glucocorticoids may be less effective when used concomitantly with liver enzyme inducing drugs,such as rifampicin, ephedrine, barbiturates, phenytoin and primidone.
- If patients undergoing long-term therapy with glucocorticoids are concomitantly given salicylates, any reduction in glucocorticoid dosage should be made with caution, since salicylate intoxication has been reported in such cases.
- Antacids;especially those containing magnesium trisilicate,have been reported to impair the gastro-intestinal absorption of glucocorticoids. Therefore, doses of one agent should be spaced as far as possible from the other.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category C.There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Corticosteroids should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Glucocorticoids appear in breast milk.Mothers taking high dosages of corticosteroids should be advised not to breast-feed
Pediatric usageView
In order to minimize the potential growth effects of corticosteroids, pediatric patients should be titrated to the lowest effective dose.
Overdose effectsView
Overdosage is unlikely, however, treatment of overdosage is by supportive and symptomatic therapy
StorageView
Tablet: Store in a cool & dry place, protected from light & moisture.
Injection: Store below 30° C, protected from light.Do not freeze. Keep medicines out of the reach of children
Injection: Store below 30° C, protected from light.Do not freeze. Keep medicines out of the reach of children
D-cort
Dexamethasone
D-cort
Dexamethasone
Indication detailsView
Allergic states: Control of severe or incapacitating allergic conditions intractable to adequate trials of conventional treatment in asthma, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, drug hypersensitivity reactions, perennial or seasonal allergic rhinitis and serum sickness.
Collagen disease: Like lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis etc.
Dermatologic diseases: Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, exfoliative erythroderma, mycosis fungoides, pemphigus and severe erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome).
Endocrine disorders: Primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia associated with cancer and nonsuppurative thyroiditis.
Gastrointestinal diseases: Regional enteritis and ulcerative colitis.
Hematologic disorders: Acquired (autoimmune) hemolytic anemia, congenital (erythroid) hypoplastic anemia (Diamond-Blackfan anemia), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults and selected cases of secondary thrombocytopenia.
Neoplastic diseases: Leukemias and lymphomas.
Nervous system: Acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis, cerebral edema associated with primary or metastatic brain tumor, craniotomy or head injury.
Ophthalmic diseases: Temporal arteritis, uveitis, and ocular inflammatory conditions unresponsive to topical corticosteroids.
Renal diseases: To induce a diuresis or remission of proteinuria in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or that due to lupus erythematosus.
Respiratory diseases: Berylliosis, fulminating or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis when used concurrently with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy, idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonias, symptomatic sarcoidosis.
Rheumatic disorders: As adjunctive therapy for short-term administration (to tide the patient over an acute episode or exacerbation) in acute gouty arthritis, acute rheumatic carditis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (selected cases may require low-dose maintenance therapy). For the treatment of dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Miscellaneous: Diagnostic testing of adrenocortical hyperfunction, trichinosis with neurologic or myocardial involvement, tuberculous meningitis with subarachnoid block or impending block when used with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy.
Collagen disease: Like lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis etc.
Dermatologic diseases: Bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, exfoliative erythroderma, mycosis fungoides, pemphigus and severe erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome).
Endocrine disorders: Primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia associated with cancer and nonsuppurative thyroiditis.
Gastrointestinal diseases: Regional enteritis and ulcerative colitis.
Hematologic disorders: Acquired (autoimmune) hemolytic anemia, congenital (erythroid) hypoplastic anemia (Diamond-Blackfan anemia), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults and selected cases of secondary thrombocytopenia.
Neoplastic diseases: Leukemias and lymphomas.
Nervous system: Acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis, cerebral edema associated with primary or metastatic brain tumor, craniotomy or head injury.
Ophthalmic diseases: Temporal arteritis, uveitis, and ocular inflammatory conditions unresponsive to topical corticosteroids.
Renal diseases: To induce a diuresis or remission of proteinuria in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or that due to lupus erythematosus.
Respiratory diseases: Berylliosis, fulminating or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis when used concurrently with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy, idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonias, symptomatic sarcoidosis.
Rheumatic disorders: As adjunctive therapy for short-term administration (to tide the patient over an acute episode or exacerbation) in acute gouty arthritis, acute rheumatic carditis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (selected cases may require low-dose maintenance therapy). For the treatment of dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Miscellaneous: Diagnostic testing of adrenocortical hyperfunction, trichinosis with neurologic or myocardial involvement, tuberculous meningitis with subarachnoid block or impending block when used with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy.
PharmacologyView
Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid which decreases inflammation by inhibiting the migration of leukocytes and reversal of increased capillary permeability. It suppresses normal immune response.
DosageView
In general, glucocorticoid dosage depends on the severity of the condition and the response of the patient. If no favourable response is noted within a couple of days, continuation of glucocorticoid therapy is undesirable. In chronic conditions requiring long-term therapy the lowest dosage that provides adequate, but not necessarily complete, relief should be used.
For tablet:
For tablet:
- In adult patients, daily oral dosages vary from 1 mg to 10 mg and in children from 0.03-0.20 mg/kg body weight,according to the individual response.
- In some patients higher dosages may be temporarily required,to control the disease. As soon as circumstances permit,dosage should be decreased.
- For a short dexamethasone suppression test 1 mg dexamethasone is given at 11 p.m. and plasmacortisol measured the next morning.
- Patients who do not show a decrease in cortisol can be exposed to a longer test: 0.5 mg dexamethasone is given at 6-hour intervals
- for 48 hours followed by 2 mg every 6 hours for a further 48 hours. 24-hour urine collections are made before, during and at the end of the test for the determination of 17 alpha-hydroxycorticoids.
- Dexamethasone can be given by intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) or local injection. Dexamethasone injections can also be diluted with an infusion fluid or be injected directly into the infusion line.
- Intravenous injections of massive doses should be given slowly, over a period of several minutes.
- Intramuscular administration should be given by deep intramuscular injection,to prevent atrophy of the subcutaneous adipose tissues.
- Intra-articular injections should be given under strictly aseptic conditions as glucocorticoids decrease the resistance to infection. When diluted with these infusion fluids, Dexamethasone will keep its potency for at least 24 hours (at room temperature and in daylight conditions). As infusion fluids, Sodium chloride 0.9%, Anhydrous glucose 5%, Invert sugar 10%, Sorbitol 5%, Ringer's solution, Hartman's solution (Ringer-lactate) etc.can be used.
- The dosage of Dexamethasone depends on the severity of the condition and the response of the patient.
- For systemic therapy in adults, daily doses of 0.05-0.20 mg/kg body weight are usually sufficient. For emergencies (e.g. anaphylaxis, acute severe asthma, cerebral edema) substantially higher doses are required. An initial dose of 10-20 mg IV is followed by 6 mg IV or IM every 6 hours,until a satisfactory result has been obtained. Thereafter the dosage has to be tapered off gradually.
- Intra-articularly: 2-4 mg in large and 0.8-1 mg in small joints
- Intrabursally: 2-4 mg;in tendon sheaths:0.4-1 mg
- The frequency of these injections may vary from every 3-5 days to every 2-3 weeks
Side effectsView
The following adverse reactions have been associated with prolonged systemic glucocorticoid therapy.
Endocrine and metabolic disturbances: Cushing-like syndrome, hirsutism, menstrual irregularities, premature epiphyseal closure, secondary adrenocortical and pituitary unresponsiveness, decreased glucose tolerance, negative nitrogen and calcium balance.
Fluid and electrolyte disturbances: Sodium and fluid retention, hypertension, potassium loss, hypokalaemic alkalosis.
Musculo-skeletal effects: Myopathy, abdominal distension, osteoporosis, aseptic necrosis of femoral and humeral heads.
Gastro-intestinal effects: Gastric and duodenal ulceration, perforation and haemorrhage.
Dermatological effects: Impaired wound healing, skin atrophy, striae, petechiae and ecchymoses, bruising, facial erythema, increased sweating, acne.
Central Nervous System effects: Psychic disturbances ranging from euphoria to frank psychotic manifestations,convulsions,in children pseudotumor cerebri (benign intracranial hypertension) with vomiting and papilloedema.
Ophthalmic effects: Glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure, posterior subcapsular cataracts.
Immunosuppressive effects: Increased susceptibility to infections, decreased responsiveness to vaccination and skin tests.
Endocrine and metabolic disturbances: Cushing-like syndrome, hirsutism, menstrual irregularities, premature epiphyseal closure, secondary adrenocortical and pituitary unresponsiveness, decreased glucose tolerance, negative nitrogen and calcium balance.
Fluid and electrolyte disturbances: Sodium and fluid retention, hypertension, potassium loss, hypokalaemic alkalosis.
Musculo-skeletal effects: Myopathy, abdominal distension, osteoporosis, aseptic necrosis of femoral and humeral heads.
Gastro-intestinal effects: Gastric and duodenal ulceration, perforation and haemorrhage.
Dermatological effects: Impaired wound healing, skin atrophy, striae, petechiae and ecchymoses, bruising, facial erythema, increased sweating, acne.
Central Nervous System effects: Psychic disturbances ranging from euphoria to frank psychotic manifestations,convulsions,in children pseudotumor cerebri (benign intracranial hypertension) with vomiting and papilloedema.
Ophthalmic effects: Glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure, posterior subcapsular cataracts.
Immunosuppressive effects: Increased susceptibility to infections, decreased responsiveness to vaccination and skin tests.
ContraindicationsView
- Gastric and duodenal ulcers.
- Systemic and ophthalmic fungal infections.
- Viral infections, e.g. varicella and herpes genitalis infections. Viral infections of the eye.
- Glaucoma.
- Hypersensitivity to corticosteroids
PrecautionsView
General: The lowest possible dose of corticosteroids should be used to control the condition under treatment.The reduction should be gradual.
Cardio-renal: These agents should be used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure,hypertension, or renal insufficiency.
Endocrine: Drug-induced secondary adrenocortical insufficiency may be minimized by gradual reduction of dosage.
Gastrointestinal: Steroids should be used with caution in active or latent peptic ulcers, diverticulitis, intestinal anastomoses, and nonspecific ulcerative colitis, since they may increase the risk of a perforation.
Musculoskeletal: Special consideration should be given to patients at increased risk of osteoporosis (e.g.,postmenopausal women) before initiating corticosteroid therapy.
Neuro-psychiatric: An acute myopathy has been observed with the use of high doses of corticosteroids, most often occurring in patients with myasthenia gravis or in patients receiving concomitant therapy with neuromuscular blocking drugs (e.g., pancuronium). Psychic derangements may appear ranging from euphoria, insomnia, mood swings, personality changes, and severe depression, to frank psychotic manifestations.
Cardio-renal: These agents should be used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure,hypertension, or renal insufficiency.
Endocrine: Drug-induced secondary adrenocortical insufficiency may be minimized by gradual reduction of dosage.
Gastrointestinal: Steroids should be used with caution in active or latent peptic ulcers, diverticulitis, intestinal anastomoses, and nonspecific ulcerative colitis, since they may increase the risk of a perforation.
Musculoskeletal: Special consideration should be given to patients at increased risk of osteoporosis (e.g.,postmenopausal women) before initiating corticosteroid therapy.
Neuro-psychiatric: An acute myopathy has been observed with the use of high doses of corticosteroids, most often occurring in patients with myasthenia gravis or in patients receiving concomitant therapy with neuromuscular blocking drugs (e.g., pancuronium). Psychic derangements may appear ranging from euphoria, insomnia, mood swings, personality changes, and severe depression, to frank psychotic manifestations.
InteractionsView
- Diuretics and/or cardiac glycosides, since potassium loss may be enhanced.This is a particular risk in patients using cardiac glycosides; since hypokalaemia increases the toxicity of these drugs.
- Antidiabetics, since glucocorticoids may impair glucose tolerance, thereby increasing the need for antidiabetic drugs.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, since the incidence and/or severity of gastro-intestinal ulceration may increase.
- Oral anti-coagulants since glucocorticoids may alter the need for these drugs.
- Glucocorticoids may be less effective when used concomitantly with liver enzyme inducing drugs,such as rifampicin, ephedrine, barbiturates, phenytoin and primidone.
- If patients undergoing long-term therapy with glucocorticoids are concomitantly given salicylates, any reduction in glucocorticoid dosage should be made with caution, since salicylate intoxication has been reported in such cases.
- Antacids;especially those containing magnesium trisilicate,have been reported to impair the gastro-intestinal absorption of glucocorticoids. Therefore, doses of one agent should be spaced as far as possible from the other.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category C.There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Corticosteroids should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Glucocorticoids appear in breast milk.Mothers taking high dosages of corticosteroids should be advised not to breast-feed
Pediatric usageView
In order to minimize the potential growth effects of corticosteroids, pediatric patients should be titrated to the lowest effective dose.
Overdose effectsView
Overdosage is unlikely, however, treatment of overdosage is by supportive and symptomatic therapy
StorageView
Tablet: Store in a cool & dry place, protected from light & moisture.
Injection: Store below 30° C, protected from light.Do not freeze. Keep medicines out of the reach of children
Injection: Store below 30° C, protected from light.Do not freeze. Keep medicines out of the reach of children
D-cough
Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide
D-cough
Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide
Indications
Non-productive cough
Indication detailsView
Dextromethorphan is indicated in Chronic dry cough or unproductive cough; Acute dry cough which is interfering with normal function or sleep.
Therapeutic classView
Cough suppressant
PharmacologyView
Dextromethorphan suppresses the cough reflex by a direct action on the cough center in the medulla of the brain. Dextromethorphan shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used antitussives, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.
DosageView
Adults and Children over 12 years: 15 to 30 mg three to four times per day. However, 60 mg doses up to four times per day have been used without increased side effects.
Children between 6 and 12 years: 5-15 mg up to four times per day.
Children between 2 and 6 years: 2.5-5 mg up to four times per day.
Children between 6 and 12 years: 5-15 mg up to four times per day.
Children between 2 and 6 years: 2.5-5 mg up to four times per day.
Side effectsView
Adverse effects with Dextromethorphan are rare, but nausea and dizziness sometimes occur. The drug produces no analgesia or addiction and little or no CNS depression. Excitation, confusion and respiratory depression may occur after overdosage.
ContraindicationsView
Hypersensitivity to Dextromethorphan or any other component.
PrecautionsView
Do not use Dextromethorphan to control a cough that is associated with smoking, asthma, or emphysema, or a cough that is productive (produces sputum or phlegm).
InteractionsView
The following medicines should be taken carefully while concomitantly use with Dextromethorphan: Amiodarone, Fluoexetine, Quinidine, CNS depressants and Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy: Adequate and well-controlled studies in human have not been done. However, Dextromethorphan has not been reported to cause birth defects.
Lactation: It is not known whether dextromethorphan passes into breast milk. However, Dextromethorphan has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies.
Lactation: It is not known whether dextromethorphan passes into breast milk. However, Dextromethorphan has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies.
Overdose effectsView
Symptoms: In mild overdose, tachycardia, hypertension, vomiting, mydriasis, diaphoresis, nystagmus, euphoria, loss of motor coordination, and giggling; in moderate intoxication, in addition to those listed above, hallucinations and a plodding ataxic gait; in severely intoxication, agitation or somnolence.
Management: treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Naloxone may be useful in reversing toxicity.
Management: treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Naloxone may be useful in reversing toxicity.
StorageView
Store at 15-30° C
D-film
Salicylic Acid + Lactic Acid
D-film
Salicylic Acid + Lactic Acid
Indications
Warts
Indication detailsView
This is a topical solution indicated in the treatment of warts, corns and calluses.
Information For Patients
Information For Patients
- Warts: A wart is a viral infection of the surface layers of the skin. The incubation period varies from a few weeks to several months. Warts can spread by direct contact with a wart to damaged skin.
- Corns: A corn is a small, hardened area of skin which often looks yellow compared to the surrounding skin. It is typically round or cone-shaped, pointing down into the skin. Corns most often form on the feet and sometimes on the hands and are caused by constant or repeated friction or pressure.
- Calluses: A callus is rough, thickened skin spread over a wide area. Like a corn, it is caused by constant or repeated friction or pressure, but unlike corns, calluses are flat and have normal skin markings.
Therapeutic classView
Combined preparations
PharmacologyView
Salicylic acid is a widely used and effective keratolytic, it produces desquamation and destruction of the epithelium by solubilising the intercellular cement of the Stratum Corneum. Lactic acid affects the keratinisation process, reducing hyperkeratosis and is also caustic, leading to the destruction of hyperkeratotic tissue. Collodion is derived from cellulose in a base containing ethanol and ether. It allows easy and accurate application of the product and dries to leave a film which hydrates the tissue and facilitates penetration of the active ingredients.
DosageView
Unscrew bottle cap and with the help of brush applicator, apply to the affected areas. ‘Before starting to use this topical solution, unscrew the fitted cap, discard it. Carefully remove the plug away from your body to avoid splashing into eyes/ face and discard it, replace with the brush applicator cap provided in
the sealed polybag given in the carton. This topical solution should be applied to the affected areas once daily, according to the following instructions:
the sealed polybag given in the carton. This topical solution should be applied to the affected areas once daily, according to the following instructions:
- Soak affected site in hot water for five minutes.
- Rub surface carefully with pumice stone or emeryboard to remove any hard skin. Dry with your own towel.
- Apply this topical solution using the brush applicator supplied, taking care to avoid contact with normal skin.
- Allow to dry thoroughly and cover with plaster if lesion is large or on the foot to help penetration of active ingredients.
- Continue treatment once daily until the lesion is completely cleared and the ridge lines of the skin have been restored or when the corn can be removed.
- The usual treatment period is 6 to 12 weeks.
Side effectsView
Stinging, burning, or irritation of the skin,Itching, prolonged use over a large skin area may cause salicylate toxicity, ringing sound in the ears (tinnitus), Diarrhoea, Vomiting.
ContraindicationsView
Not for prolonged use in high concentrations and on large areas of the body. Impaired peripheral circulation or diabetes. Avoid broken skin, mouth, eyes, mucous membranes and anogenital region.
PrecautionsView
This preparation is formulated for the controlled corrosion of keratin and thus care should be taken to apply the product to the affected area only. Do not use on the face or anogenital regions or if you are diabetic or have impaired circulation. Do not use on moles, birthmarks or unusual skin growths. Do not treat warts over large areas at one time, or use on infants and very young children unless on medical advice. For External Use Only
InteractionsView
There are no known drug interactions and none well documented.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Pregnancy Category- Not Classified. FDA has not yet classified the drug into a specified pregnancy category.
Overdose effectsView
Excessive topical use may result in burning, particularly of normal skin. Following excessive topical use, apply emollients as required. Following ingestion, administer copious quantities of water and antacids as required. Ingestion may cause nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.
StorageView
In view of its high inflammability, it is recommended that Salicylic Acid & Lactic Acid be stored in a cool place not exceeding 25°C. Keep away from naked flame. Keep out of reach of children. Since this topical solution is volatile, close the bottle tightly after each use.
D-gain
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D-gain
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D-gain
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D-gain
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D-gain ODT
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D-gain ODT
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D.P.T Vaccine
Diphtheria + Pertussis + Tetanus [DPT]
D.P.T Vaccine
Diphtheria + Pertussis + Tetanus [DPT]
Indications
Tetanus
Indication detailsView
Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed is a vaccine indicated for active booster immunization against tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis. This Vaccine Adsorbed is approved for use as a single dose in persons 10 through 64 years of age
Therapeutic classView
Vaccines, Anti-sera & Immunoglobulin
PharmacologyView
Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis vaccine prepared from diphtheria formol toxoid, tetanus formol toxoid and pertussis vaccine (killed B pertusis not less than 4 IU from not more than 20000 million organism/0.5 ml); 0.5 ml ampoule: Injection.
DosageView
Child: Under 5 yrs, primary immunisation-3 doses of 0.5 ml vaccine by IM or deep SC injection, each dose at an interval of minimum 4 weeks; Over 5 yrs, not recommended.
Side effectsView
The most common solicited injection site reactions occurring within 0-14 days following vaccination with this were:
- For Adolescents 11-17 years of age: pain (77.8%), swelling (20.9%), erythema (20.8%).
- For Adults 18-64 years of age: pain (65.7%), swelling (21.0%), erythema (24.7%).
- For Adolescents 11-17 years of age: headache (43.7%), body ache or muscle weakness (30.4%), tiredness (15.1%).
- For Adults 18-64 years of age: headache (33.9%), body ache or muscle weakness (21.9%).
ContraindicationsView
- Severe allergic reaction (eg, anaphylaxis) to any component of Diphtheria, Pertussis & Tetanus vaccine or any other diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid and pertussis antigencontaining vaccine.
- Encephalopathy (eg, coma, decreased level of consciousness, prolonged seizures) within 7 days of administration of a previous pertussis antigen-containing vaccine.
PrecautionsView
For one presentation of Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed, the tip caps of the prefilled syringes may contain natural rubber latex, which may cause allergic reactions in latex sensitive individuals.
If Guillain-Barré syndrome occurred within 6 weeks of receipt of a prior vaccine containing tetanus toxoid, the risk for Guillain-Barré syndrome may be increased following a subsequent dose of this vaccine
Progressive or unstable neurologic conditions are reasons to defer this vaccination.
Persons who experienced an Arthus-type hypersensitivity reaction following a prior dose of a tetanus toxoid-containing vaccine should not receive Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed unless at least 10 years have elapsed since the last dose of a tetanus toxoid containing vaccine.
Syncope (fainting) can occur in association with administration of injectable vaccines, including Diphtheria, Pertussis & Tetanus vaccine. Procedures should be in place to prevent falling injury and manage syncopal reactions.
If Guillain-Barré syndrome occurred within 6 weeks of receipt of a prior vaccine containing tetanus toxoid, the risk for Guillain-Barré syndrome may be increased following a subsequent dose of this vaccine
Progressive or unstable neurologic conditions are reasons to defer this vaccination.
Persons who experienced an Arthus-type hypersensitivity reaction following a prior dose of a tetanus toxoid-containing vaccine should not receive Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed unless at least 10 years have elapsed since the last dose of a tetanus toxoid containing vaccine.
Syncope (fainting) can occur in association with administration of injectable vaccines, including Diphtheria, Pertussis & Tetanus vaccine. Procedures should be in place to prevent falling injury and manage syncopal reactions.
InteractionsView
When Diphtheria, Pertussis & Tetanus vaccine was administered concomitantly with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) to adults 19-64 years of age, a lower antibody response was observed for pertactin antigen as compared to Diphtheria, Pertussis & Tetanus vaccine administered alone.
Immunosuppressive therapies may reduce the immune response to Diphtheria, Pertussis & Tetanus vaccine.
Do not mix this vaccine with any other vaccine in the same syringe or vial
Immunosuppressive therapies may reduce the immune response to Diphtheria, Pertussis & Tetanus vaccine.
Do not mix this vaccine with any other vaccine in the same syringe or vial
Pregnancy & lactationView
Safety and effectiveness of this vaccine have not been established in pregnant women.
D3
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D3
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D3
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D3
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D3
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D3
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
D3
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
D3
Colecalciferol [Vitamin D3]
Indications
Rickets
Indication detailsView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) is indicated in the treatment & prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency. It is also indicated as an adjunct to specific therapy for osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hypocalcaemia, tetany and rickets in patients with vitamin D3 deficiency. Cholecalciferol, synthetic form of Vitamin-D which is essential for normal bone growth and development and to maintain bone density. It is also necessary for utilization of both calcium and Phosphorus. Babies need Vitamin-D3 for healthy growth & development. It acts as a hormone.
Therapeutic classView
Vitamin in bone formation, Vitamin-D preparations
PharmacologyView
Colecalciferol (Vitamin D3) helps for the absorption & reabsorption of Calcium & Phosphorous. Vitamin D3 is essential for normal bone growth & to maintain bone density. It also reduces the severity of bacterial infection, improves lung function, prevents the risk of cancer (breast, colorectal) & helps to maintain adequate insulin levels for type 2 diabetes patients.
DosageView
For capsule: Adults:
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 40000 IU once weekly for 7 weeks. Doses for maintenance therapy is 1400-2000 IU/day. To confirm the target level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, measurement of it should be determined 3-4 months after initiating the maintenance therapy.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 4 weeks. Higher doses may be required in certain situations.
- Addition to specific therapy for osteoporosis: 20000 IU once a month.
- Treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks.
- Prevention of Vitamin D3 deficiency: 20000 IU every 6 weeks.
For oroflash or chewable tablets: 1000 IU to 2000 IU daily, or as directed by physician. Take the medicine with food or within 1 hour after a meal. Place the tablet in mouth swallow after chewing.
For Syrup:
For patients with risk of Cholecalciferol deficiency:
- 0-1 yr: 400 IU/ day (2 ml)
- >1 Yr: 600 lU/ day (3 ml)
- 0-1 yr: 2000 IU/ day (+50000 IU/week ) for 6 weeks
- 1 -18 yrs: 2000 IU/ day for 6 weeks.
- Infants receiving Vitamin D enriched milk: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Nursed infants or infants not receiving Vitamin D enriched milk or young children up to 5 years of age: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months.
- Adolescents: 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 6 months during winter.
- Pregnancy: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. from the 6th or 7th month of pregnancy.
- Elderly: 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. every 3 months. Digestive disorders, concomitant treatment with antiepileptics & other particular condition not described above; 1/2 ampoule (0.5ml) i.e. 1,00000 I.U. or 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. every 3 or 6 months.
- 1 ampoule (1ml) i.e. 2,00000 I.U. which can be repeated 1 to 6 months later. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Side effectsView
The general side effects are hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, nausea, abdominal pain.
ContraindicationsView
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vitamin D3.
PrecautionsView
It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
InteractionsView
It interferes with phenytoin, barbiturates, glucocorticoids, certain laxative (such as liquid paraffin), actinomycin and imidazole antifungal agents.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Studies have shown safe use of doses up to 4000 IU during pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for pregnant women is 400 IU, however, in women who are considered to be Vitamin D3 deficient a higher dose may be required. During pregnancy women should follow the advice of their medical practitioner as their requirements may vary depending on the severity of their disease and their response to treatment
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Vitamin D3 and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk. Overdose in infants induced by nursing mothers has not been observed; however, when prescribing additional vitamin D3 to a breast-fed child the practitioner should consider the dose of any additional vitamin D3 given to the mother.
Pediatric usageView
The safety & efficacy of Vitamin D3 in children under 12 years have not been established.
Overdose effectsView
It can lead to hypervitaminosis D.
StorageView
Keep below 30º C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.