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Victorin
Cefpodoxime Proxetil
Victorin
Cefpodoxime Proxetil
Indications
Urinary tract infection
Indication detailsView
Cefpodoxime is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible microorganism, listed below:
- Acute otitis media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase producing strains).
- Pharyngitis/tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Acute maxillary sinusitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae (including beta-lactamase producing strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis.
- Community acquired pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae or H. influenza (including beta-lactamase-producing strains).
- Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae (non-beta-lactamase-producing strains only), or M. catarrhalis.
- Skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis or Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
- Uncomplicated gonorrhea caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (including penicillinase-producing strains).
- Rectal gonococcal infections in women due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae (including penicillinase-producing strains).
Therapeutic classView
Third generation Cephalosporins
PharmacologyView
Cefpodoxime is an oral 3rd generation cephalosporin, which has good stability to beta lactamases and activity against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. It is indicated for the treatment of infections either before the infecting organism has been identified. It is a prodrug its active metabolite is Cefpodoxime. Approximately 29 to 33% of Cefpodoxime excreted unchanged in the urine in 12 hours.
DosageView
Adults and Adolescents (13 years and older)
- Pharyngitis/tonsillitis: 100 mg 12 hourly, 5 to 10 days
- Acute maxillary sinusitis: 200 mg 12 hourly, 10 day
- Community acquired pneumonia: 200 mg 12 hourly, 14 days
- Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: 200 mg 12 hourly, 10 days
- Skin and skin structure: 400 mg 12 hourly, 7 to 14 days
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infection: 100 mg 12 hourly, 7 days
- Uncomplicated gonorrhea: single dose of 200 mg
- Rectal gonococcal infections in women: single dose of 200 mg
- Acute otitis media: 5 mg/kg body weight 12 hourly, 5 days
- Pharyngitis /tonsillitis: 5 mg/kg body weight 12 hourly, 5 to 10 days
- Acute maxillary sinusitis: 5 mg/kg body weight 12 hourly, 10 days
Side effectsView
Cefpodoxime has very few side effects. Possible side effects include gastrointestinal disorders (such as- diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain), rash, urticaria and itching.
ContraindicationsView
Cefpodoxime is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to cephalosporins.
PrecautionsView
In patients with transient or persistent reduction in urinary output due to renal insufficiency, the total daily dose of Cefpodoxime should be reduced. Cefpodoxime should be administered with caution to patients receiving concurrent treatment with potent diuretics. As with other antibiotics, prolonged use of Cefpodoxime may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms.
InteractionsView
Cefpodoxime concomitant administration of high doses of antacids (sodium bicarbonate and aluminum hydroxide) or H2 blockers reduces peak plasma levels and the extent of absorption respectively. Renal excretion of Cefpodoxime is inhibit by probenecid.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Cefpodoxime is B. There is, however, no adequate and well-controlled study in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefpodoxime have been shown to be excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefpodoxime is administered to a nursing woman.
Pediatric usageView
Patients with severe renal impairment (creatinin clearance <30 ml/min) the dosing intervals should be increased to 24 hourly. The dosage adjustment is not require in cases of hepatic impairment.
ReconstitutionView
Step 1: Shake the bottle well to loosen the powder.
Step 2: Add boiled and cooled water in the bottle.
Step 3: Shake until powder is completely mixed with water.
Step 2: Add boiled and cooled water in the bottle.
Step 3: Shake until powder is completely mixed with water.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Victorin
Cefpodoxime Proxetil
Victorin
Cefpodoxime Proxetil
Indications
Urinary tract infection
Indication detailsView
Cefpodoxime is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible microorganism, listed below:
- Acute otitis media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase producing strains).
- Pharyngitis/tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Acute maxillary sinusitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae (including beta-lactamase producing strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis.
- Community acquired pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae or H. influenza (including beta-lactamase-producing strains).
- Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae (non-beta-lactamase-producing strains only), or M. catarrhalis.
- Skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes.
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis or Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
- Uncomplicated gonorrhea caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (including penicillinase-producing strains).
- Rectal gonococcal infections in women due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae (including penicillinase-producing strains).
Therapeutic classView
Third generation Cephalosporins
PharmacologyView
Cefpodoxime is an oral 3rd generation cephalosporin, which has good stability to beta lactamases and activity against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. It is indicated for the treatment of infections either before the infecting organism has been identified. It is a prodrug its active metabolite is Cefpodoxime. Approximately 29 to 33% of Cefpodoxime excreted unchanged in the urine in 12 hours.
DosageView
Adults and Adolescents (13 years and older)
- Pharyngitis/tonsillitis: 100 mg 12 hourly, 5 to 10 days
- Acute maxillary sinusitis: 200 mg 12 hourly, 10 day
- Community acquired pneumonia: 200 mg 12 hourly, 14 days
- Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: 200 mg 12 hourly, 10 days
- Skin and skin structure: 400 mg 12 hourly, 7 to 14 days
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infection: 100 mg 12 hourly, 7 days
- Uncomplicated gonorrhea: single dose of 200 mg
- Rectal gonococcal infections in women: single dose of 200 mg
- Acute otitis media: 5 mg/kg body weight 12 hourly, 5 days
- Pharyngitis /tonsillitis: 5 mg/kg body weight 12 hourly, 5 to 10 days
- Acute maxillary sinusitis: 5 mg/kg body weight 12 hourly, 10 days
Side effectsView
Cefpodoxime has very few side effects. Possible side effects include gastrointestinal disorders (such as- diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain), rash, urticaria and itching.
ContraindicationsView
Cefpodoxime is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to cephalosporins.
PrecautionsView
In patients with transient or persistent reduction in urinary output due to renal insufficiency, the total daily dose of Cefpodoxime should be reduced. Cefpodoxime should be administered with caution to patients receiving concurrent treatment with potent diuretics. As with other antibiotics, prolonged use of Cefpodoxime may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms.
InteractionsView
Cefpodoxime concomitant administration of high doses of antacids (sodium bicarbonate and aluminum hydroxide) or H2 blockers reduces peak plasma levels and the extent of absorption respectively. Renal excretion of Cefpodoxime is inhibit by probenecid.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Cefpodoxime is B. There is, however, no adequate and well-controlled study in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefpodoxime have been shown to be excreted in human milk. So, caution should be exercised when Cefpodoxime is administered to a nursing woman.
Pediatric usageView
Patients with severe renal impairment (creatinin clearance <30 ml/min) the dosing intervals should be increased to 24 hourly. The dosage adjustment is not require in cases of hepatic impairment.
ReconstitutionView
Step 1: Shake the bottle well to loosen the powder.
Step 2: Add boiled and cooled water in the bottle.
Step 3: Shake until powder is completely mixed with water.
Step 2: Add boiled and cooled water in the bottle.
Step 3: Shake until powder is completely mixed with water.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Victoza
Liraglutide
Victoza
Liraglutide
Indications
Type 2 DM
Indication detailsView
Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist indicated as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity for chronic weight management in:
- Adult patients with an initial body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater (obese), or 27 kg/m2 or greater (overweight) in the presence of at least one weight-related comorbid condition (e.g. hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemia).
- Pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with body weight above 60 kg and an initial BMI corresponding to 30 kg/m2 for adults (obese) by international cut-offs.
Therapeutic classView
GLP-1 receptor agonists
PharmacologyView
Liraglutide is an acylated human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist with 97% amino acid sequence homology to endogenous human GLP-1(7-37). Like endogenous GLP-1, liraglutide binds to and activates the GLP-1 receptor, a cell-surface receptor coupled to adenylyl cyclase activation through the stimulatory G-protein, Gs. Endogenous GLP-1 has a half-life of 1.5-2 minutes due to degradation by the ubiquitous endogenous enzymes, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) and neutral endopeptidases (NEP). Unlike native GLP-1, liraglutide is stable against metabolic degradation by both peptidases and has a plasma half-life of 13 hours after subcutaneous administration. The pharmacokinetic profile of liraglutide, which makes it suitable for once-daily administration, is a result of self-association that delays absorption, plasma protein binding, and stability against metabolic degradation by DPP-4 and NEP.
DosageView
Inject Liraglutide subcutaneously in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm once daily at any time of day, without regard to the timing of meals. The recommended dose of Liraglutide is 3 mg daily. Initiate at 0.6 mg per day for one week. In weekly intervals, increase the dose until a dose of 3 mg is reached. If pediatric patients do not tolerate an increased dose during dose escalation, the dose may also be lowered to the previous level. Dose escalation for pediatric patients may take up to 8 weeks. Pediatric patients who do not tolerate 3 mg daily may have their dose reduced to 2.4 mg daily. Adult patients with type 2 diabetes should monitor blood glucose prior to starting Liraglutide and during Liraglutide treatment.
Pediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness of Liraglutide as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity for chronic weight management have been established in pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with body weight above 60 kg.
Pediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness of Liraglutide as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity for chronic weight management have been established in pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with body weight above 60 kg.
Side effectsView
Most common adverse reactions, reported in greater than or equal to 5% are: nausea, diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, injection site reactions, headache, hypoglycemia, dyspepsia, fatigue, dizziness, abdominal pain, increased lipase, upper abdominal pain, pyrexia, and gastroenteritis
ContraindicationsView
- Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type-2.
- Hypersensitivity to liraglutide or any excipients in Liraglutide.
- Pregnancy
PrecautionsView
Acute Pancreatitis: Discontinue promptly if pancreatitis is suspected. Do not restart if pancreatitis is confirmed.
Acute Gallbladder Disease: If cholelithiasis or cholecystitis are suspected, gallbladder studies are indicated.
Hypoglycemia: This can occur in adults when Liraglutide is used with an insulin secretagogue (e.g. a sulfonylurea) or insulin. The risk may be lowered by a reduction in the dose of concomitantly administered insulin secretagogues or insulin. In the pediatric clinical trial, patients did not have type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemia occurred in Liraglutide-treated pediatric patients. Inform all patients of the risk of hypoglycemia and educate them on the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Heart Rate Increase: Monitor heart rate at regular intervals.
Renal Impairment: Has been reported postmarketing, usually in association with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or dehydration which may sometimes require hemodialysis. Use caution when initiating or escalating doses of Liraglutide in patients with renal impairment.
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Postmarketing reports of serious hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylactic reactions and angioedema). Discontinue Liraglutide and other suspect medications and promptly seek medical advice.
Suicidal Behavior and Ideation: Monitor for depression or suicidal thoughts. Discontinue Liraglutide if symptoms develop.
Acute Gallbladder Disease: If cholelithiasis or cholecystitis are suspected, gallbladder studies are indicated.
Hypoglycemia: This can occur in adults when Liraglutide is used with an insulin secretagogue (e.g. a sulfonylurea) or insulin. The risk may be lowered by a reduction in the dose of concomitantly administered insulin secretagogues or insulin. In the pediatric clinical trial, patients did not have type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemia occurred in Liraglutide-treated pediatric patients. Inform all patients of the risk of hypoglycemia and educate them on the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Heart Rate Increase: Monitor heart rate at regular intervals.
Renal Impairment: Has been reported postmarketing, usually in association with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or dehydration which may sometimes require hemodialysis. Use caution when initiating or escalating doses of Liraglutide in patients with renal impairment.
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Postmarketing reports of serious hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylactic reactions and angioedema). Discontinue Liraglutide and other suspect medications and promptly seek medical advice.
Suicidal Behavior and Ideation: Monitor for depression or suicidal thoughts. Discontinue Liraglutide if symptoms develop.
InteractionsView
Liraglutide causes a delay of gastric emptying and thereby has the potential to impact the absorption of concomitantly administered oral medications. In clinical pharmacology trials, liraglutide did not affect the absorption of the tested orally administered medications to any clinically relevant degree. Nonetheless, monitor for potential consequences of delayed absorption of oral medications concomitantly administered with Liraglutide.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Liraglutide is contraindicated during pregnancy because weight loss offers no potential benefit to a pregnant woman and may result in fetal harm. There are no available data with liraglutide in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk for major birth defects and miscarriage. Liraglutide should not be used during pregnancy. If a patient wishes to become pregnant, or pregnancy occurs, treatment with Liraglutide should be discontinued.
There are no data on the presence of liraglutide in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or effects on milk production. Liraglutide was present in the milk of lactating rats. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for Liraglutide and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from Liraglutide or from the underlying maternal condition.
There are no data on the presence of liraglutide in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or effects on milk production. Liraglutide was present in the milk of lactating rats. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for Liraglutide and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from Liraglutide or from the underlying maternal condition.
Overdose effectsView
Overdoses have been reported in clinical trials and post-marketing use of liraglutide. Effects have included severe nausea, severe vomiting and severe hypoglycemia. In the event of overdosage, appropriate supportive treatment should be initiated according to the patient’s clinical signs and symptoms.
StorageView
Store between 2-8°C. Do not freeze. After initial use, it can be stored between 15-30°C for 30 days. Protect from heat and light.
Vida
Vildagliptin
Vida
Vildagliptin
Indications
Type 2 DM
Indication detailsView
Vildagliptin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as monotherapy and in dual combination with Metformin, a Sulphonylurea, a Thiazolidinedione, or Insulin when diet, exercise and a single antidiabetic agent do not result in adequate glycemic control.
Therapeutic classView
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor
PharmacologyView
Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, which is believed to exert its actions in patients with type 2 diabetes by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones. Incretin hormones, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are released by the intestine throughout the day, and levels are increased in response to a meal. These hormones are rapidly inactivated by the enzyme, DPP-4. The incretins are part of an endogenous system involved in the physiologic regulation of glucose homeostasis. When blood glucose concentrations are normal or elevated, GLP-1 and GIP increase insulin synthesis and release from pancreatic beta cells by intracellular signaling pathways involving cyclic AMP. GLP-1 also lowers glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells, leading to reduced hepatic glucose production. By increasing and prolonging active incretin levels, Vildagliptin increases insulin release and decreases glucagon levels in the circulation in a glucose-dependent manner.
DosageView
The recommended dose of Vildagliptin is-
Pediatric use: Vildagliptin is not recommended in patients 18 years of age.
- 50 mg or 100 mg daily for monotherapy.
- 50 mg twice daily (morning and evening) when used in dual combination with Metformin or a Thiazolidinedione;
- 50 mg once daily in the morning when used in dual combination with a Sulphonylurea.
Pediatric use: Vildagliptin is not recommended in patients 18 years of age.
Side effectsView
The majority of adverse reactions were mild and transient, not requiring treatment discontinuations. A rare case of hepatic dysfunction is seen. Clinical trials of up to and more than 2 years duration did not show any additional safety signals or unforeseen risks when using this combination.
ContraindicationsView
Vildagliptin is contraindicated in patients with:
- Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients
- Patients with moderate to severe renalImpairment
- Patients with Hepatic Impairment: patients with pre-treatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotrasferase (AST) >3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN).
- Patients with type 1 diabetes
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised in patients aged 75 years and older due to limited clinical experience. It is recommended that LFTs are monitored prior to initiation of Vildagliptin, at three-monthly intervals in the first year and periodically thereafter. If transaminase levels are increased, patients should be monitored with a second liver function evaluation to confirm the finding and be followed thereafter with frequent liver function tests until the abnormality returns to normal. If AST or ALT persists at 3xULN, Vildagliptin treatment should be stopped. Patients who develop jaundice or other signs of liver dysfunction should discontinue Vildagliptin. Following the withdrawal of treatment with Vildagliptin and LFT normalization, treatment with Vildagliptin should not be reinitiated. Due to limited clinical experience, use with caution in patients with congestive heart failure of New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I-II, and do not use in patients with NYHA functional class III IV.
InteractionsView
In pharmacokinetic studies, no interactions were seen with pioglitazone, metformin, glibenclamide, digoxin, warfarin, amlodipine, ramipril, valsartan or simvastatin. As with other oral antidiabetic medicinal products the glucose-lowering effect of Vildagliptin may be reduced by certain active substances, including thiazides, corticosteroids, thyroid products and sympathomimetics.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Vildagliptin should not be used in pregnancy. Vildagliptin should not be used during lactation.
StorageView
Store below 30°C temperature & keep away from light & moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Vida Plus
Vildagliptin + Metformin Hydrochloride
Vida Plus
Vildagliptin + Metformin Hydrochloride
Indications
Type 2 DM
Indication detailsView
This tablet is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercises to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus whose diabetes is not adequately controlled on Metformin Hydrochloride or Vildagliptin alone or who are already treated with the combination of Vildagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride, as separate tablets.
Therapeutic classView
Combination Oral hypoglycemic preparations
PharmacologyView
Vildagliptin acts primarily by inhibiting DPP-4 (Dipeptidyl peptidase-4), the enzyme responsible for the degradation of the incretin hormones GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). The administration of Vildagliptin results in a rapid and complete inhibition of DPP-4 activity resulting in increased fasting and postprandial endogenous levels of the incretin hormones GLP-1 and GIP. By increasing the endogenous levels of these incretin hormones, Vildagliptin increases insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cell and decreases glucagon secretion from alpha cell. The enhanced increase in the insulin/glucagon ratio during hyperglycaemia due to increased incretin hormone levels results in a decrease in fasting and postprandial hepatic glucose production, leading to reduced glycaemia.
Metformin Hydrochloride is a biguanide type oral antihyperglycemic drug used in the management of type 2 diabetes. It lowers both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. Its mechanism of action is different from those of sulfonylureas and it does not produce hypoglycemia. Glucomin decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity by an increase in peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
Metformin Hydrochloride is a biguanide type oral antihyperglycemic drug used in the management of type 2 diabetes. It lowers both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. Its mechanism of action is different from those of sulfonylureas and it does not produce hypoglycemia. Glucomin decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity by an increase in peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
DosageView
Adults: Based on the patient's current dose of Metformin, this combination may be initiated at twice daily, 1 tablet in the morning and the other in the evening. Patients receiving Vildagliptin and Metformin from separate tablets may be switched to this combination containing the same doses of each component. Doses higher than 100 mg of vildagliptin are not recommended. There is no clinical experience of Vildagliptin and Metformin in triple combination with other antidiabetic agents. Taking this combination with or just after food may reduce gastrointestinal symptoms associated with Metformin.
Side effectsView
The most common side effects are headache, tremor, dizziness, nausea, hypoglycaemia etc.
ContraindicationsView
This combination is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vildagliptin or Metformin Hydrochloride or to any of the excipients. It is contraindicated in patients with renal disease or renal dysfunction, acute myocardial infarction, and septicaemia. It is also contraindicated in patients with congestive heart failure patients and in patients with acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis, with or without coma. It should be temporarily discontinued in patients undergoing radiologic studies involving intravascular administration of iodinated contrast materials, because use of such products may result in acute alteration of renal function.
PrecautionsView
Lactic acidosis can occur due to Metformin accumulation. If metabolic acidosis is suspected, treatment should be discontinued and the patient should be hospitalized immediately. Serum creatinine should be monitored at least once a year in patients with normal renal function and 2–4 times a year in patients with serum creatinine levels at the upper limit of normal and in elderly patients. Special caution should be exercised in elderly patients where renal function may become impaired (e.g. when initiating antihypertensives, diuretics or NSAIDs). It is recommended that Liver Function Tests (LFTs) are monitored prior to initiation of this drug, at three-monthly intervals in the first year and periodically thereafter. If transaminase levels are increased, patients should be monitored with a second liver function evaluation to confirm the finding and be followed thereafter with frequent liver function tests until the abnormality return to normal. If AST or ALT persist at 3 x ULN, Vildagliptin & Metformin tablets should be stopped Patients who develop jaundice or other signs of liver dysfunction. Following withdrawal of treatment with Vildagliptin & Metformin and LFT normalization, treatment with Vildagliptin & Metformin should not be reinitiated. Vildagliptin & Metformin tablets should be discontinued 48 hours before elective surgery with general anaesthesia and should not usually be resumed earlier than 48 hours afterwards.
InteractionsView
No clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interaction was observed when Vildagliptin (100 mg once daily) was co-administered with Metformin Hydrochloride (1,000 mg once daily). Vildagliptin has a low potential for drug interactions. Since Vildagliptin is not a cytochrome P (CYP) 450 enzyme substrate nor does it inhibit nor induces CYP 450 enzymes, it is not likely to interact with co-medications that are substrates, inhibitors or inducers of these enzymes. As a result of these studies no clinically relevant interactions with other oral antidiabetics (glibenclamide, pioglitazone, metformin hydrochloride), amlodipine, digoxin, ramipril, simvastatin, valsartan or warfarin were observed after co-administration with vildagliptin. On the other hand, furosemide, nifedipine and glyburide increase Cmax and blood AUC of Metformin with no change in renal clearance of Metformin.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women and therefore, this combination should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus. No studies have been conducted with the components of this combination. As it is not known whether Vildagliptin and/or Metformin Hydrochloride is excreted in human milk this combination should not be administered to breast-feeding women.
Pediatric usageView
Use in pediatric patients: The safety and effectiveness of this combination in pediatric patients have not been established. Therefore, this combination is not recommended for use in children below 18 years of age.
Use in geriatric patients: As Metformin is excreted via the kidney, and elderly patients have a tendency to decreased renal function, elderly patients taking this combination should have their renal function monitored regularly. This combination should only be used in elderly patients with normal renal function.
Patients with renal impairment: This combination should not be used in patients with renal failure or renal dysfunction, e.g. serum creatinine levels > 1.5 mg/dl (>135 micro mol/L) in males and > 1.4 mg/dl (>110 micro mol/L) in females.
Patients with hepatic impairment: This combination is not recommended in patients with hepatic impairment including patients with a pre-treatment ALT or AST >3 X the upper limit of normal.
Use in geriatric patients: As Metformin is excreted via the kidney, and elderly patients have a tendency to decreased renal function, elderly patients taking this combination should have their renal function monitored regularly. This combination should only be used in elderly patients with normal renal function.
Patients with renal impairment: This combination should not be used in patients with renal failure or renal dysfunction, e.g. serum creatinine levels > 1.5 mg/dl (>135 micro mol/L) in males and > 1.4 mg/dl (>110 micro mol/L) in females.
Patients with hepatic impairment: This combination is not recommended in patients with hepatic impairment including patients with a pre-treatment ALT or AST >3 X the upper limit of normal.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Vida Plus
Vildagliptin + Metformin Hydrochloride
Vida Plus
Vildagliptin + Metformin Hydrochloride
Indications
Type 2 DM
Indication detailsView
This tablet is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercises to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus whose diabetes is not adequately controlled on Metformin Hydrochloride or Vildagliptin alone or who are already treated with the combination of Vildagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride, as separate tablets.
Therapeutic classView
Combination Oral hypoglycemic preparations
PharmacologyView
Vildagliptin acts primarily by inhibiting DPP-4 (Dipeptidyl peptidase-4), the enzyme responsible for the degradation of the incretin hormones GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). The administration of Vildagliptin results in a rapid and complete inhibition of DPP-4 activity resulting in increased fasting and postprandial endogenous levels of the incretin hormones GLP-1 and GIP. By increasing the endogenous levels of these incretin hormones, Vildagliptin increases insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cell and decreases glucagon secretion from alpha cell. The enhanced increase in the insulin/glucagon ratio during hyperglycaemia due to increased incretin hormone levels results in a decrease in fasting and postprandial hepatic glucose production, leading to reduced glycaemia.
Metformin Hydrochloride is a biguanide type oral antihyperglycemic drug used in the management of type 2 diabetes. It lowers both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. Its mechanism of action is different from those of sulfonylureas and it does not produce hypoglycemia. Glucomin decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity by an increase in peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
Metformin Hydrochloride is a biguanide type oral antihyperglycemic drug used in the management of type 2 diabetes. It lowers both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. Its mechanism of action is different from those of sulfonylureas and it does not produce hypoglycemia. Glucomin decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose and improves insulin sensitivity by an increase in peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.
DosageView
Adults: Based on the patient's current dose of Metformin, this combination may be initiated at twice daily, 1 tablet in the morning and the other in the evening. Patients receiving Vildagliptin and Metformin from separate tablets may be switched to this combination containing the same doses of each component. Doses higher than 100 mg of vildagliptin are not recommended. There is no clinical experience of Vildagliptin and Metformin in triple combination with other antidiabetic agents. Taking this combination with or just after food may reduce gastrointestinal symptoms associated with Metformin.
Side effectsView
The most common side effects are headache, tremor, dizziness, nausea, hypoglycaemia etc.
ContraindicationsView
This combination is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Vildagliptin or Metformin Hydrochloride or to any of the excipients. It is contraindicated in patients with renal disease or renal dysfunction, acute myocardial infarction, and septicaemia. It is also contraindicated in patients with congestive heart failure patients and in patients with acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis, with or without coma. It should be temporarily discontinued in patients undergoing radiologic studies involving intravascular administration of iodinated contrast materials, because use of such products may result in acute alteration of renal function.
PrecautionsView
Lactic acidosis can occur due to Metformin accumulation. If metabolic acidosis is suspected, treatment should be discontinued and the patient should be hospitalized immediately. Serum creatinine should be monitored at least once a year in patients with normal renal function and 2–4 times a year in patients with serum creatinine levels at the upper limit of normal and in elderly patients. Special caution should be exercised in elderly patients where renal function may become impaired (e.g. when initiating antihypertensives, diuretics or NSAIDs). It is recommended that Liver Function Tests (LFTs) are monitored prior to initiation of this drug, at three-monthly intervals in the first year and periodically thereafter. If transaminase levels are increased, patients should be monitored with a second liver function evaluation to confirm the finding and be followed thereafter with frequent liver function tests until the abnormality return to normal. If AST or ALT persist at 3 x ULN, Vildagliptin & Metformin tablets should be stopped Patients who develop jaundice or other signs of liver dysfunction. Following withdrawal of treatment with Vildagliptin & Metformin and LFT normalization, treatment with Vildagliptin & Metformin should not be reinitiated. Vildagliptin & Metformin tablets should be discontinued 48 hours before elective surgery with general anaesthesia and should not usually be resumed earlier than 48 hours afterwards.
InteractionsView
No clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interaction was observed when Vildagliptin (100 mg once daily) was co-administered with Metformin Hydrochloride (1,000 mg once daily). Vildagliptin has a low potential for drug interactions. Since Vildagliptin is not a cytochrome P (CYP) 450 enzyme substrate nor does it inhibit nor induces CYP 450 enzymes, it is not likely to interact with co-medications that are substrates, inhibitors or inducers of these enzymes. As a result of these studies no clinically relevant interactions with other oral antidiabetics (glibenclamide, pioglitazone, metformin hydrochloride), amlodipine, digoxin, ramipril, simvastatin, valsartan or warfarin were observed after co-administration with vildagliptin. On the other hand, furosemide, nifedipine and glyburide increase Cmax and blood AUC of Metformin with no change in renal clearance of Metformin.
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women and therefore, this combination should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus. No studies have been conducted with the components of this combination. As it is not known whether Vildagliptin and/or Metformin Hydrochloride is excreted in human milk this combination should not be administered to breast-feeding women.
Pediatric usageView
Use in pediatric patients: The safety and effectiveness of this combination in pediatric patients have not been established. Therefore, this combination is not recommended for use in children below 18 years of age.
Use in geriatric patients: As Metformin is excreted via the kidney, and elderly patients have a tendency to decreased renal function, elderly patients taking this combination should have their renal function monitored regularly. This combination should only be used in elderly patients with normal renal function.
Patients with renal impairment: This combination should not be used in patients with renal failure or renal dysfunction, e.g. serum creatinine levels > 1.5 mg/dl (>135 micro mol/L) in males and > 1.4 mg/dl (>110 micro mol/L) in females.
Patients with hepatic impairment: This combination is not recommended in patients with hepatic impairment including patients with a pre-treatment ALT or AST >3 X the upper limit of normal.
Use in geriatric patients: As Metformin is excreted via the kidney, and elderly patients have a tendency to decreased renal function, elderly patients taking this combination should have their renal function monitored regularly. This combination should only be used in elderly patients with normal renal function.
Patients with renal impairment: This combination should not be used in patients with renal failure or renal dysfunction, e.g. serum creatinine levels > 1.5 mg/dl (>135 micro mol/L) in males and > 1.4 mg/dl (>110 micro mol/L) in females.
Patients with hepatic impairment: This combination is not recommended in patients with hepatic impairment including patients with a pre-treatment ALT or AST >3 X the upper limit of normal.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Vidalin
Multivitamin [Injection]
Vidalin
Multivitamin [Injection]
Indications
Vitamin B deficiencies
Indication detailsView
This IV preparation is intended as a supplement for intravenous nutrition in order to meet the daily requirements of the water-soluble vitamins in infants, children and adults.
Therapeutic classView
Specific combined vitamin preparations
PharmacologyView
This IV preparation is a sterile, lyophilized powder of water soluble vitamins for infusion. It contains balanced amount of all the important water soluble vitamins which act as coenzymes of vital enzymes associated with crucial physiological processes, energy metabolism, cell growth and replenishment especially in brain and nerve cells. Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant and helps in collagen formation. Intravenous administration of this combination gives prompt action.
DosageView
Adults and children weighing 10 kg or more: 1 vial (10 ml) daily.
Children weighing less than 10 kg: should be given 1 ml of the dissolved mixture per kg body weight/day.
Children weighing less than 10 kg: should be given 1 ml of the dissolved mixture per kg body weight/day.
AdministrationView
The contents of one vial are dissolved by the aseptic addition of 10 ml of one of the following:
- Water for injection
- Fat emulsion 10%
- Glucose solution for infusion (5% to 60%)
- Normal saline (0.9% Sodium Chloride)
Side effectsView
Allergic reactions may occur in patients hypersensitive to any component of the preparation, e.g. Thiamine.
ContraindicationsView
Known hypersensitivity to any of the components, e.g. Thiamine.
PrecautionsView
This IV preparation is diluted with water-based solutions, the admixture should be protected from light. This is not necessary if this IV preparation is diluted with intralipid because of the protective effect of the fat emulsion.
InteractionsView
Vitamin B6 can reduce the effect of levodopa. Folic acid may lower the serum concentration of phenytoin.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Animal reproduction studies or clinical investigations during pregnancy have not been carried out with this preparation. However, there are published reports on safe administration of water soluble vitamins in this patient group.
Overdose effectsView
No adverse effects of an overdose of water soluble multivitamin have been reported, with exception of cases of extremely high parenteral doses. The possibility of hypervitaminosis A and D should be considered if the content of This IV preparation is dissolved in another multivitamin injection.
StorageView
Before reconstitution: Store below 25° C. Protect from light. After reconstitution: The reconstituted IV preparation should be added to the infusion solution aseptically immediately before the start of the infusion & used within 24 hours.
Vidalin D
Multivitamin & 5% Dextrose
Vidalin D
Multivitamin & 5% Dextrose
Indications
General weakness
Indication detailsView
This is intended as a supplement for intravenous nutrition in order to meet the daily requirements of the water soluble vitamins of NPO (nothing by mouth) or surgery patients.
Therapeutic classView
Multi-vitamin & Multi-mineral combined preparations
PharmacologyView
This is a sterile, lyophilized powder of water-soluble vitamins for infusion. It contains balanced amount of all the important water soluble vitamins which act as coenzymes of vital enzymes associated with crucial physiological processes, energy metabolism, cell growth and replenishment especially in brain and nerve cells. Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant and helps in collagen formation. Intravenous administration of this combination gives prompt action.
DosageView
Adults and children weighing 10 kg or more: 1 vial (10 ml) daily.
Children weighing less than 10 kg: should be given 1 ml of the dissolved mixture per kg body weight/day.
Children weighing less than 10 kg: should be given 1 ml of the dissolved mixture per kg body weight/day.
AdministrationView
The contents of one vial are dissolved by the aseptic addition of 10 ml of one of the following:
- Water for injection
- Fat emulsion 10%
- Glucose solution for infusion (5% to 60%)
- Normal saline (0.9% Sodium Chloride)
Side effectsView
Allergic reactions may occur in patients hypersensitive to any component of the preparation, e.g. Thiamine.
ContraindicationsView
Known hypersensitivity to any of the components, e.g. Thiamine.
PrecautionsView
When Lyophilized Powder for Infusion is diluted with water-based solutions, the admixture sould be protected from light. This is not necessary if lyophilized powder for infusion is diluted with intralipid because of the protective effect of the fat emulsion.
InteractionsView
Vitamin B6 can reduce the effect of Levodopa. Folic Acid may lower the serum concentration of Phenytoin.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Animal reproduction studies or clinical investigations during pregnancy have not been carried out with this preparation. However, there are published reports on safe administration of water soluble vitamins in this patient group.
Overdose effectsView
No adverse effects of an overdose of water soluble multivitamin have been reported, with exception of cases of extremely high parenteral doses. The possibility of hypervitaminosis A and D should be considered if lyophilized powder for infusion is dissolved in another multivitamin injection.
StorageView
Before reconstitution: Store at below 25°C in a dry place, protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. After reconstitution: The reconstituted preparation should be added to the infusion solution aseptically immediately before the start of the infusion & used within 24 hours.
Vidalin Gold
Multivitamin & Multimineral [A-Z gold preparation]
Vidalin Gold
Multivitamin & Multimineral [A-Z gold preparation]
Indications
Vitamin deficiency
Indication detailsView
This is indicated for the prevention and treatment of vitamins & minerals deficiencies. As a complete daily nutritional supplement, it is also indicated to meet the increased demand for vitamins and minerals in the conditions like physical and emotional stress, chronic diseases, infection illness, osteoporosis, injuries or wound, surgery, poor digestion, old age, pregnancy and lactation, poor appetite, excess dieting, exposure to environmental pollution, heavy exercise etc.
Therapeutic classView
Multi-vitamin & Multi-mineral combined preparations
PharmacologyView
This is a film coated tablet, which combines 32 high potency vitamins and minerals. This preparation maintains a healthy body and active life-style.
DosageView
One tablet daily or as recommended by the physician.
Side effectsView
Generally, this preparation is well tolerated. Diarrhoea may occasionally occur during treatment with beta carotene and the skin may assume a slightly yellow discoloration. Vitamin C and vitamin E may cause diarrhoea and other gastrointestinal disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
This product is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients.
PrecautionsView
Long term intake of high level of vitamin A (excluding that sourced from beta carotene) may increase the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
InteractionsView
No drug interactions have been reported.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Recommended by the consultation with physician.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place, away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Vidalin N
Multivitamin & Normal Saline
Vidalin N
Multivitamin & Normal Saline
Indications
Mild diarrhea
Indication detailsView
This is intended as a supplement for intravenous nutrition in order to meet the daily requirements of the water-soluble vitamins of dehydrated patients.
Therapeutic classView
Multi-vitamin & Multi-mineral combined preparations
PharmacologyView
This is a sterile, lyophilized powder of water-soluble vitamins for infusion. It contains balanced amount of all the important water soluble vitamins which act as coenzymes of vital enzymes associated with crucial physiological processes, energy metabolism, cell growth and replenishment especially in brain and nerve cells. Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant and helps in collagen formation. Intravenous administration of this combination gives prompt action.
DosageView
Adults and children weighing 10 kg or more: 1 vial (10 ml) daily.
Children weighing less than 10 kg: should be given 1 ml of the dissolved mixture per kg body weight/day.
Children weighing less than 10 kg: should be given 1 ml of the dissolved mixture per kg body weight/day.
AdministrationView
The contents of one vial are dissolved by the aseptic addition of 10 ml of one of the following:
- Water for injection
- Fat emulsion 10%
- Glucose solution for infusion (5% to 60%)
- Normal saline (0.9% Sodium Chloride)
Side effectsView
Allergic reactions may occur in patients hypersensitive to any component of the preparation, e.g. Thiamine.
ContraindicationsView
Known hypersensitivity to any of the components, e.g. Thiamine.
PrecautionsView
When Lyophilized Powder for Infusion is diluted with water based solutions, the admixture sould be protected from light. This is not necessary if lyophilized powder for infusion is diluted with intralipid because of the protective effect of the fat emulsion.
InteractionsView
Vitamin B6 can reduce the effect of Levodopa. Folic Acid may lower the serum concentration of Phenytoin.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Animal reproduction studies or clinical investigations during pregnancy have not been carried out with this preparation. However, there are published reports on safe administration of water-soluble vitamins in this patient group.
Overdose effectsView
No adverse effects of an overdose of water-soluble multivitamin have been reported, with exception of cases of extremely high parenteral doses. The possibility of hypervitaminosis A and D should be considered if lyophilized powder for infusion is dissolved in another multivitamin injection.
StorageView
Before reconstitution: Store at below 25°C in a dry place, protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. After reconstitution: The reconstituted this IV preparation should be added to the infusion solution aseptically immediately before the start of the infusion & used within 24 hours.
Vidalin Silver
Multivitamin & Multimineral [A-Z silver preparation]
Vidalin Silver
Multivitamin & Multimineral [A-Z silver preparation]
Indications
Vitamin deficiency
Indication detailsView
This is specially formulated for the prevention and treatment of vitamin and mineral deficiencies for adults over 45 years of age. This Silver is also indicated to meet the increase demands of vitamin and minerals for adults over 45 years of age.
Therapeutic classView
Multi-vitamin & Multi-mineral combined preparations
PharmacologyView
This preparation is a comprehensive well-balanced multivitamin and multimineral preparation scientifically adjusted and designed to serve as the complete nutritional program for the elderly people. This preparation maintains a healthy body and active lifestyle and keeps proper nutrition covered for elderly people
DosageView
One tablet once daily with food or as indicated by the physician.
Side effectsView
Generally, this preparation is well tolerated. Allergic sensitization has been reported following oral administration of folic acid. Vitamin C and vitamin E may cause diarrhea and other gastrointestinal disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
This product is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients. Do not take this product if taking other vitamin A supplements.
PrecautionsView
Long term intake of high levels of vitamin A (excluding that sourced from beta carotene) may increase the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
InteractionsView
No drug interactions have been reported.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Recommended by the consultation with physician.
StorageView
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Vidox
Doxycycline Hydrochloride
Vidox
Doxycycline Hydrochloride
Indications
Uncomplicated gonorrhoea
Indication detailsView
Doxycycline Hydrochloride is indicated in the following infections caused by susceptible microorganisms:
- Respiratory tract infections: Pneumonia, influenza, sinusitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis.
- Gastrointestinal tract infections: Cholera, traveler's diarrhea, shigella dysentery, acute intestinal amebiasis.
- Chlamydial infections: Lympho-granuloma venereum, psittacosis, trachoma.
- Sexually transmitted diseases: Non gonococcal urethritis, acute pelvic inflammatory disease, uncomplicated urethral and endocervical or rectal infections, gonorrhoea, syphilis, pyelonephritis, cystitis.
- Other infections: Impetigo, furunculosis, inclusion conjunctivitis, brucellosis, tularemia, cellulitis, acne and Q-fever.
Therapeutic classView
Tetracycline group of drugs
PharmacologyView
Doxycycline Hydrochloride is a semisynthetic tetracycline antibiotic with broad spectrum activity. It is primarily a bacteriostatic antibiotic. It has a similar spectrum of activity to other tetracyclines but in particular is more active against Staphylococcus aureus and Nocardia. The drug is often active against penicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and against strains of those organisms that are resistant to other Tetracyclines. Certain Gram-negative strains of E. coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella, which are often resistant to Tetracycline, may be sensitive to Doxycycline. In addition, 70-90% of the various anaerobes are sensitive to Doxycycline and Bacteroides fragilis is more likely to be sensitive to Doxycycline than to other tetracyclines.
Doxycycline is active against most strains of Haemophilus influenzaeand is particularly useful for infections with H. ducreyi, Actinomyces, Brucella and Vibrio cholerae. It is also active against Nocardia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma and a wide range of Rickettsiae. Doxycycline is active against spirochetes such as Borellia recurrentis, Treponema pallidum and Treponema pertenue. It is also active against Plasmodium falciparum.
Doxycycline is active against most strains of Haemophilus influenzaeand is particularly useful for infections with H. ducreyi, Actinomyces, Brucella and Vibrio cholerae. It is also active against Nocardia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma and a wide range of Rickettsiae. Doxycycline is active against spirochetes such as Borellia recurrentis, Treponema pallidum and Treponema pertenue. It is also active against Plasmodium falciparum.
DosageView
Usual dose: 200 mg on first day, then 100 mg daily for 7-10 days.
Severe infections (including refractory urinary tract infections): 200 mg daily for 10 days.
Acne: 100 mg daily.
Uncomplicated genital chlamydia, non-gonococcal urethritis: 100 mg twice daily for 7-21 days (14-21 days in pelvic inflammatory disease).
Severe infections (including refractory urinary tract infections): 200 mg daily for 10 days.
Acne: 100 mg daily.
Uncomplicated genital chlamydia, non-gonococcal urethritis: 100 mg twice daily for 7-21 days (14-21 days in pelvic inflammatory disease).
AdministrationView
Capsules should be swallowed whole with plenty of fluid during meals while sitting or standing.
Side effectsView
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, skin rashes, hemolytic anaemia, eosinophilia may be reported.
ContraindicationsView
Doxycycline is contraindicated to the patients who have shown hypersensitivity to any of the tetracyclines. Doxycycline is contraindicated to the children under 8 years of age. It is also contraindicated to pregnant women and to the lactating mothers.
PrecautionsView
The use of drugs of the tetracycline class during tooth development (last half of pregnancy, infancy and childhood to the age of 8 years) may cause permanent discoloration of teeth. Tetracyclines drugs, therefore should not be used in this age group.
InteractionsView
Absorption of tetracyclines is impaired by antacid containing aluminium, calcium or magnesium, and iron containing preparation. Absorption of tetracyclines is also impaired by bismuth salicylate. Barbiturates, carbamazepine and phenytoin decrease half-life of doxycycline. Concurrent use of tetracyclines may render oral contraceptive less effective. Patients who are on anticoagulant therapy may require downward adjustment of their anticoagulant dosages. It is advisable to avoid giving tetracyclines in conjunction with penicillin.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Doxycycline should be avoided in pregnant women, because of the risk of both staining and effect on bone growth in the foetus. Doxycyclines enter breast milk, and mothers taking these drugs should not breastfeed their child.
StorageView
Keep all medicines out of reach of children. Store in a cool and dry place, protected from light.
Viera
Voriconazole
Viera
Voriconazole
Indications
Scedosporiosis and fusariosis
Indication detailsView
Voriconazole is an azole antifungal medicine. It is indicated for use in patients 12 years of age and older in the treatment of following fungal infections-
- Invasive aspergillosis
- Candidemia (nonneutropenic) and disseminated candidiasis in skin, abdomen, kidney, bladder wall and wounds
- Esophageal candidiasis
- Serious infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium Species including Fusarium solani
- Patients intolerant of, or refractory to other therapy.
Therapeutic classView
Other Antifungal preparations
PharmacologyView
Voriconazole is a triazole antifungal medication used to treat serious fungal infections. Voriconazole binds and inhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting CYP450-dependent 14-alpha sterol demethylase. The inhibition of 14-alpha sterol demethylase results in a depletion of ergosterol in fungal cell membrane.
DosageView
Oral-
Voriconazole tablet and powder for suspension are to be taken at least one hour before or one hour following a meal
Injection-
Invasive Aspergillosisd :
Voriconazole tablet and powder for suspension are to be taken at least one hour before or one hour following a meal
- At or over 40 kg body weight: Loading dose regimen is 400 mg or 10 ml every 12 hours (for the first 24 hours) and maintenance dose (after first 24 hours) is 200 mg or 5 ml twice daily.
- Below 40 Kg body weight: Loading dose regimen is 200 mg or 5 ml every 12 hours (for the first 24 hours) and maintenance dose (after first 24 hours) is 100 mg or 2.5 ml twice daily. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Injection-
Invasive Aspergillosisd :
- Loading dose: 6 mg/kg 12 hourly for the first 24 hours.
- Maintenance Dose: 4 mg/kg 12 hourly.
- Loading dose: 6 mg/kg 12 hourly for the first 24 hours.
- Maintenance Dose: 3-4 mg/kg 12 hourly.
- Loading dose: 6 mg/kg 12 hourly for the first 24 hours.
- Maintenance Dose: 4 mg/kg 12 hourly.
Side effectsView
The most common side effects are abdominal pain, anemia, blurred vision, headache, chest pain, nausea and diarrhea.
ContraindicationsView
Known hypersensitivity to Voriconazole or any other components of this drug-
- Co-administration with terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride, pimozide or quinidine, sirolimus due to risk of serious adverse reactions
- Co-administration with rifampin, carbamazepine, long-acting barbiturates, efavirenz, ritonavir, rifabutin, ergot alkaloids and St. John's Wort due to risk of loss of efficacy
PrecautionsView
Long term exposure (treatment or prophylaxis) greater than 180 days requires careful assessment of the benefit-risk balance. Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC) has been reported in relation with long-term voriconazole treatment.
InteractionsView
- CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 inhibitors and inducers: Adjust Voriconazole dosage and monitor for adverse reactions or lack of efficacy
- Voriconazole may increase the concentrations and activity of drugs that are CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 substrates. Reduce doses of these other drugs and monitor for adverse reactions
- Increase maintenance oral and intravenous dosage of Voriconazole with co-administration of Phenytoin or Efavirenz
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant woman. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Pediatric usageView
The efficacy to the children under 12 years of age is not established.
Overdose effectsView
There is no data found about overdose of Voriconazole.
ReconstitutionView
Reconstitution Instructions of suspension: Shake the bottle well before adding water to loosen the powder. Add 25 ml of boiled and cooled water to the bottle (5 spoons of a provided spoon). Shake the closed bottle vigorously until powder mixed completely with the water. Store reconstituted suspension between 15°-30° C. Discard suspension 14 days after reconstitution.
StorageView
Keep out of reach of children. Store in a dry place, below 25°C temperature and protected from light. Store Voriconazole powder for suspension between 2° to 8°C temperature.
Viera
Voriconazole
Viera
Voriconazole
Indications
Scedosporiosis and fusariosis
Indication detailsView
Voriconazole is an azole antifungal medicine. It is indicated for use in patients 12 years of age and older in the treatment of following fungal infections-
- Invasive aspergillosis
- Candidemia (nonneutropenic) and disseminated candidiasis in skin, abdomen, kidney, bladder wall and wounds
- Esophageal candidiasis
- Serious infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium Species including Fusarium solani
- Patients intolerant of, or refractory to other therapy.
Therapeutic classView
Other Antifungal preparations
PharmacologyView
Voriconazole is a triazole antifungal medication used to treat serious fungal infections. Voriconazole binds and inhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting CYP450-dependent 14-alpha sterol demethylase. The inhibition of 14-alpha sterol demethylase results in a depletion of ergosterol in fungal cell membrane.
DosageView
Oral-
Voriconazole tablet and powder for suspension are to be taken at least one hour before or one hour following a meal
Injection-
Invasive Aspergillosisd :
Voriconazole tablet and powder for suspension are to be taken at least one hour before or one hour following a meal
- At or over 40 kg body weight: Loading dose regimen is 400 mg or 10 ml every 12 hours (for the first 24 hours) and maintenance dose (after first 24 hours) is 200 mg or 5 ml twice daily.
- Below 40 Kg body weight: Loading dose regimen is 200 mg or 5 ml every 12 hours (for the first 24 hours) and maintenance dose (after first 24 hours) is 100 mg or 2.5 ml twice daily. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Injection-
Invasive Aspergillosisd :
- Loading dose: 6 mg/kg 12 hourly for the first 24 hours.
- Maintenance Dose: 4 mg/kg 12 hourly.
- Loading dose: 6 mg/kg 12 hourly for the first 24 hours.
- Maintenance Dose: 3-4 mg/kg 12 hourly.
- Loading dose: 6 mg/kg 12 hourly for the first 24 hours.
- Maintenance Dose: 4 mg/kg 12 hourly.
Side effectsView
The most common side effects are abdominal pain, anemia, blurred vision, headache, chest pain, nausea and diarrhea.
ContraindicationsView
Known hypersensitivity to Voriconazole or any other components of this drug-
- Co-administration with terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride, pimozide or quinidine, sirolimus due to risk of serious adverse reactions
- Co-administration with rifampin, carbamazepine, long-acting barbiturates, efavirenz, ritonavir, rifabutin, ergot alkaloids and St. John's Wort due to risk of loss of efficacy
PrecautionsView
Long term exposure (treatment or prophylaxis) greater than 180 days requires careful assessment of the benefit-risk balance. Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC) has been reported in relation with long-term voriconazole treatment.
InteractionsView
- CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 inhibitors and inducers: Adjust Voriconazole dosage and monitor for adverse reactions or lack of efficacy
- Voriconazole may increase the concentrations and activity of drugs that are CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 substrates. Reduce doses of these other drugs and monitor for adverse reactions
- Increase maintenance oral and intravenous dosage of Voriconazole with co-administration of Phenytoin or Efavirenz
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant woman. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Pediatric usageView
The efficacy to the children under 12 years of age is not established.
Overdose effectsView
There is no data found about overdose of Voriconazole.
ReconstitutionView
Reconstitution Instructions of suspension: Shake the bottle well before adding water to loosen the powder. Add 25 ml of boiled and cooled water to the bottle (5 spoons of a provided spoon). Shake the closed bottle vigorously until powder mixed completely with the water. Store reconstituted suspension between 15°-30° C. Discard suspension 14 days after reconstitution.
StorageView
Keep out of reach of children. Store in a dry place, below 25°C temperature and protected from light. Store Voriconazole powder for suspension between 2° to 8°C temperature.
Viera
Voriconazole
Viera
Voriconazole
Indications
Scedosporiosis and fusariosis
Indication detailsView
Voriconazole is an azole antifungal medicine. It is indicated for use in patients 12 years of age and older in the treatment of following fungal infections-
- Invasive aspergillosis
- Candidemia (nonneutropenic) and disseminated candidiasis in skin, abdomen, kidney, bladder wall and wounds
- Esophageal candidiasis
- Serious infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium Species including Fusarium solani
- Patients intolerant of, or refractory to other therapy.
Therapeutic classView
Other Antifungal preparations
PharmacologyView
Voriconazole is a triazole antifungal medication used to treat serious fungal infections. Voriconazole binds and inhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting CYP450-dependent 14-alpha sterol demethylase. The inhibition of 14-alpha sterol demethylase results in a depletion of ergosterol in fungal cell membrane.
DosageView
Oral-
Voriconazole tablet and powder for suspension are to be taken at least one hour before or one hour following a meal
Injection-
Invasive Aspergillosisd :
Voriconazole tablet and powder for suspension are to be taken at least one hour before or one hour following a meal
- At or over 40 kg body weight: Loading dose regimen is 400 mg or 10 ml every 12 hours (for the first 24 hours) and maintenance dose (after first 24 hours) is 200 mg or 5 ml twice daily.
- Below 40 Kg body weight: Loading dose regimen is 200 mg or 5 ml every 12 hours (for the first 24 hours) and maintenance dose (after first 24 hours) is 100 mg or 2.5 ml twice daily. Or, as directed by the registered physician.
Injection-
Invasive Aspergillosisd :
- Loading dose: 6 mg/kg 12 hourly for the first 24 hours.
- Maintenance Dose: 4 mg/kg 12 hourly.
- Loading dose: 6 mg/kg 12 hourly for the first 24 hours.
- Maintenance Dose: 3-4 mg/kg 12 hourly.
- Loading dose: 6 mg/kg 12 hourly for the first 24 hours.
- Maintenance Dose: 4 mg/kg 12 hourly.
Side effectsView
The most common side effects are abdominal pain, anemia, blurred vision, headache, chest pain, nausea and diarrhea.
ContraindicationsView
Known hypersensitivity to Voriconazole or any other components of this drug-
- Co-administration with terfenadine, astemizole, cisapride, pimozide or quinidine, sirolimus due to risk of serious adverse reactions
- Co-administration with rifampin, carbamazepine, long-acting barbiturates, efavirenz, ritonavir, rifabutin, ergot alkaloids and St. John's Wort due to risk of loss of efficacy
PrecautionsView
Long term exposure (treatment or prophylaxis) greater than 180 days requires careful assessment of the benefit-risk balance. Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC) has been reported in relation with long-term voriconazole treatment.
InteractionsView
- CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 inhibitors and inducers: Adjust Voriconazole dosage and monitor for adverse reactions or lack of efficacy
- Voriconazole may increase the concentrations and activity of drugs that are CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 substrates. Reduce doses of these other drugs and monitor for adverse reactions
- Increase maintenance oral and intravenous dosage of Voriconazole with co-administration of Phenytoin or Efavirenz
Pregnancy & lactationView
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant woman. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Pediatric usageView
The efficacy to the children under 12 years of age is not established.
Overdose effectsView
There is no data found about overdose of Voriconazole.
ReconstitutionView
Reconstitution Instructions of suspension: Shake the bottle well before adding water to loosen the powder. Add 25 ml of boiled and cooled water to the bottle (5 spoons of a provided spoon). Shake the closed bottle vigorously until powder mixed completely with the water. Store reconstituted suspension between 15°-30° C. Discard suspension 14 days after reconstitution.
StorageView
Keep out of reach of children. Store in a dry place, below 25°C temperature and protected from light. Store Voriconazole powder for suspension between 2° to 8°C temperature.
Viev
Tadalafil
Viev
Tadalafil
Indications
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Indication detailsView
Tadalafil is indicated in-
- Erectile Dysfunction (ED)
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Both Erectile Dysfunction and signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction
PharmacologyView
Tadalafil is a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor. Inhibition of PDE5 increases cGMP in smooth muscle cells. cGMP causes smooth muscle relaxation and increased blood flow into the corpus cavernosum, causing penile erection. PDE5 also is present in smooth muscles of the prostate and bladder wall. Inhibiting PDE5 increases cGMP concentrations leading to relaxation of smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder. Smooth muscle relaxation may improve blood flow to the urinary tract and widen the opening of the bladder neck, resulting in improved voiding.
DosageView
Erectile Dysfunction: For most patients the recommended starting dose is 10 mg. The dose may be increased to 20 mg or decreased to 5 mg based on requirement. The maximum dosing frequency is once daily. Tadalafil is effective for up to 36 hours.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia: The recommended dose is 5 mg taken at the same time every day.
Combined Erectile Dysfunction and Benign prostatic hyperplasia: The recommended dose is 5 mg at the same time every day.
Side effectsView
Headache, Dyspepsia, Back pain, Myalgia, Nasal pharyngitis, Nasal congestion are common side effects. Change in Color Vision, Sudden vision loss, Hearing loss, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Exfoliative dermatitis, Angina, Stroke, Myocardial infarction, Severe hypotension, Tachycardia may also occur rarely.
ContraindicationsView
- Use of Nitrates (for example, Nitroglycerine, Isosorbide): may increase hypotensive effects of Nitrates
- Hypersensitivity reactions to Tadalafil
PrecautionsView
Angina, renal impairment, hepatic impairment, bleeding concomitant with Nitrates, Alpha Blockers, Alcohol, CYP3A4 Inhibitors (for example, Ritonavir, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole), other PDE5 inhibitors precaution should be taken in all these conditions.
InteractionsView
May interact with Nitrates for example, Isosorbide, Nitroglycerin, Alpha adrenergic blockers, Antihypertensives, Alcohol, Antacids (magnesuim hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide), Ketoconazole, Ritonavir, Erythromycin, Itraconazole, Grapefruit juice, other HIV protease inhibitors, Rifampin, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin & Phenobarbital.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Tadalafil has been assigned to pregnancy category B by the USFDA. Tadalafil is only recommended for use during pregnancy when benefit outweighs risk. There are no data on the excretion of Tadalafil in human milk. Caution should be used when administering tadalafil to nursing women.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place, away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Viev
Tadalafil
Viev
Tadalafil
Indications
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Indication detailsView
Tadalafil is indicated in-
- Erectile Dysfunction (ED)
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Both Erectile Dysfunction and signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Therapeutic classView
Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction
PharmacologyView
Tadalafil is a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor. Inhibition of PDE5 increases cGMP in smooth muscle cells. cGMP causes smooth muscle relaxation and increased blood flow into the corpus cavernosum, causing penile erection. PDE5 also is present in smooth muscles of the prostate and bladder wall. Inhibiting PDE5 increases cGMP concentrations leading to relaxation of smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder. Smooth muscle relaxation may improve blood flow to the urinary tract and widen the opening of the bladder neck, resulting in improved voiding.
DosageView
Erectile Dysfunction: For most patients the recommended starting dose is 10 mg. The dose may be increased to 20 mg or decreased to 5 mg based on requirement. The maximum dosing frequency is once daily. Tadalafil is effective for up to 36 hours.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia: The recommended dose is 5 mg taken at the same time every day.
Combined Erectile Dysfunction and Benign prostatic hyperplasia: The recommended dose is 5 mg at the same time every day.
Side effectsView
Headache, Dyspepsia, Back pain, Myalgia, Nasal pharyngitis, Nasal congestion are common side effects. Change in Color Vision, Sudden vision loss, Hearing loss, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Exfoliative dermatitis, Angina, Stroke, Myocardial infarction, Severe hypotension, Tachycardia may also occur rarely.
ContraindicationsView
- Use of Nitrates (for example, Nitroglycerine, Isosorbide): may increase hypotensive effects of Nitrates
- Hypersensitivity reactions to Tadalafil
PrecautionsView
Angina, renal impairment, hepatic impairment, bleeding concomitant with Nitrates, Alpha Blockers, Alcohol, CYP3A4 Inhibitors (for example, Ritonavir, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole), other PDE5 inhibitors precaution should be taken in all these conditions.
InteractionsView
May interact with Nitrates for example, Isosorbide, Nitroglycerin, Alpha adrenergic blockers, Antihypertensives, Alcohol, Antacids (magnesuim hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide), Ketoconazole, Ritonavir, Erythromycin, Itraconazole, Grapefruit juice, other HIV protease inhibitors, Rifampin, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin & Phenobarbital.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Tadalafil has been assigned to pregnancy category B by the USFDA. Tadalafil is only recommended for use during pregnancy when benefit outweighs risk. There are no data on the excretion of Tadalafil in human milk. Caution should be used when administering tadalafil to nursing women.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place, away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Viewgut
Barium Sulfate
Viewgut
Barium Sulfate
Indications
X-ray imaging
Indication detailsView
Barium Suphate is used to help doctors examine the esophagus (tube that connect mouth and stomach), stomach and intestine using X-rays or computed tomography (CAT scan, CT Scan; a type of body scan that uses a computer to put together X-ray images to create cross sectional or three dimensional picture of the inside of the body). Barium sulphate is a class of medications called radiopaque contrast media. Its works by coating the esophagus, stomach or intestine with a material that is not absorbed into the body so that diseased or damaged areas can be clearly seen by X-ray examination or CT scan.
Therapeutic classView
Contrast medium for diagnostic procedures
PharmacologyView
Barium sulfate increases the absorption of x-rays as they pass through the body, thus delineating body structures, in which barium sulfate is localized.
Barium sulfate is an insoluble material which, because of its density, provides a positive contrast during x-ray examination. Barium sulfate is an inert radiopaque material which is not absorbed or metabolized and is eliminated intact from the body in a manner similar to other non-absorbed inorganic materials. Excretion rate is a function of gastrointestinal transit time.
Barium sulfate is an insoluble material which, because of its density, provides a positive contrast during x-ray examination. Barium sulfate is an inert radiopaque material which is not absorbed or metabolized and is eliminated intact from the body in a manner similar to other non-absorbed inorganic materials. Excretion rate is a function of gastrointestinal transit time.
DosageView
Barium Sulphate comes as a powder to be mixed with water, a suspension (liquid), a paste, and a tablet. The powder and water mixture and the suspension may be taken by mouth or may be given as an enema (liquid that is instilled into the rectum), and the paste and tablet are taken by mouth. Barium Sulphate is usually taken one or more times before an X-ray examinations or CT scan. If you are using a Barium Sulphate enema, the enema will be administered by medical staff at the testing center. If you are taking Barium Sulphate by mouth, you may be given the medication after you arrive at the testing center or you may be given the medication to take at home at specific times the night before and/or the day of your test. If you are taking Barium Sulphate at home, take it exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often or at different times than directed. Shake the liquid well before each use to mix the medication evenly. If you are given a powder to mix with water and take at home, be sure that you are also given directions for mixing and that you understand these directions. Ask your doctor or staff at testing center if you have any questions about mixing your medications. You will be given specific directions to follow before and after your test. You may be told to drink only clear liquid after a certain time the day before your test, not to eat or drink after a specific time, and/or to use laxatives or enemas before your test. You may also be told to use laxatives to clear the Barium Sulphate from your body after your test. Be sure that your understand these directions and follow them carefully. Ask your doctor or the staff at the testing center if you are not given directions or if you have questions about.
Side effectsView
Common side effects are: severe stomach pain, severe cramping, diarrhea, or constipation, sweating, ringing in your ears, confusion, fast heart rate, pale skin, weakness
ContraindicationsView
Barium sulfate products are contraindicated in patients with known or suspected obstruction of the colon, known or suspected gastrointestinal tract perforation, suspected tracheoesophageal fistula, obstructing lesions of the small intestine, pyloric stenosis or known hypersensitivity to barium sulfate formulations.
PrecautionsView
General: Diagnostic procedures which involve the use of radiopaque contrast agents should be carried out under the direction of personnel with the requisite training and with a thorough knowledge of the particular procedure to be performed. A history of bronchial asthma, atopy, as evidenced by hay fever and eczema, a family history of allergy, or a previous reaction to a contrast agent warrant special attention. Caution should be exercised with the use of radiopaque media in severely debilitated patients and in those with marked hypertension or advanced cardiac disease.
Anaphylactic and allergic reactions have been reported during double contrast examinations in which glucagon has been used.
Ingestion of barium sulfate suspension is not recommended in patients with a history of food aspiration. If barium sulfate suspension is aspirated into the larynx, further administration of the suspension should be immediately discontinued.
Patient preparation for diagnostic gastrointestinal examinations frequently requires cathartics and a liquid diet. The various preparations can result in water loss for the patient. Patients should be rehydrated quickly following a barium sulfate suspension examination of the gastrointestinal tract.
Pregnancy: Safe use of barium sulfate during pregnancy has not been established. Barium sulfate should be used in pregnant women only if the possible benefits outweigh the potential risks. Elective radiography of the abdomen is considered to be contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk to the fetus from radiation exposure. Radiation is known to cause harm to the unborn fetus exposed in utero.
Anaphylactic and allergic reactions have been reported during double contrast examinations in which glucagon has been used.
Ingestion of barium sulfate suspension is not recommended in patients with a history of food aspiration. If barium sulfate suspension is aspirated into the larynx, further administration of the suspension should be immediately discontinued.
Patient preparation for diagnostic gastrointestinal examinations frequently requires cathartics and a liquid diet. The various preparations can result in water loss for the patient. Patients should be rehydrated quickly following a barium sulfate suspension examination of the gastrointestinal tract.
Pregnancy: Safe use of barium sulfate during pregnancy has not been established. Barium sulfate should be used in pregnant women only if the possible benefits outweigh the potential risks. Elective radiography of the abdomen is considered to be contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk to the fetus from radiation exposure. Radiation is known to cause harm to the unborn fetus exposed in utero.
Pregnancy & lactationView
Safe use of barium sulfate during pregnancy has not been established. Barium sulfate should be used in pregnant women only if the possible benefits outweigh the potential risks. Radiation is known to cause harm to the unborn fetus exposed in utero.
Pediatric usageView
Pediatrics: Two deaths of infants from barium aspiration have been reported; however, the volume of aspirated material rather than the nature of the material was probably the responsible factor.
Geriatrics: Diagnostic studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatrics-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of barium sulfate in the elderly. However, colon distention has caused electrocardiographic changes, especially in geriatric patients with a history of cardiac disease.
Geriatrics: Diagnostic studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatrics-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of barium sulfate in the elderly. However, colon distention has caused electrocardiographic changes, especially in geriatric patients with a history of cardiac disease.
Overdose effectsView
In rare instances, immediate repeat oral examinations may lead to severe stomach cramps and diarrhea. Cases reported implicate a total dose in the range of 30 ounces (900 mL) of a 115% w/v barium sulfate suspension. Instances of this type have resolved spontaneously and they are not considered to be life-threatening.
StorageView
Store at 25° C
Vifas
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Vifas
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Indications
Urticaria
Indication detailsView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and children. It is also indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Therapeutic classView
Non-sedating antihistamines
PharmacologyView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is an antihistamine with selective peripheral H1-receptor antagonist activity. It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and peak plasma concentration is reached in 2-3 hours. It does not appear to cross the blood brain barrier.
DosageView
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml once daily
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) once daily
Side effectsView
Common side effects are headache, fatigue, drowsiness, nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine Hydrochloride or any of its ingredients.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised in elderly patient and patient with decreased renal function.
InteractionsView
Plasma concentration of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride have been increased when given with erythromycin or ketoconazole. Aluminium and magnesium hydroxide containing antacid reduces the absorption of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is C. So, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Overdose effectsView
In case of an overdose, standard measures to remove any unabsorbed drug should be employed. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. There has been no reported case of an acute overdose of Fexofenadine hydrochloride.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
Vifas
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Vifas
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
Indications
Urticaria
Indication detailsView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and children. It is also indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Therapeutic classView
Non-sedating antihistamines
PharmacologyView
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is an antihistamine with selective peripheral H1-receptor antagonist activity. It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and peak plasma concentration is reached in 2-3 hours. It does not appear to cross the blood brain barrier.
DosageView
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml once daily
Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria-
Adults and children 12 years and older:
- Tablet: 60 mg twice daily or 120 mg once daily or 180 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 60 mg once daily
- Tablet: 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg once daily
- Suspension: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 15 mg or 2.5 ml (1/2 tsp) once daily
- Suspension: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) twice daily
- In case of impaired renal function: 30 mg or 5 ml (1 tsp) once daily
Side effectsView
Common side effects are headache, fatigue, drowsiness, nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal disturbances.
ContraindicationsView
Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Fexofenadine Hydrochloride or any of its ingredients.
PrecautionsView
Caution should be exercised in elderly patient and patient with decreased renal function.
InteractionsView
Plasma concentration of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride have been increased when given with erythromycin or ketoconazole. Aluminium and magnesium hydroxide containing antacid reduces the absorption of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride.
Pregnancy & lactationView
US FDA pregnancy category of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride is C. So, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride should be avoided in pregnancy and lactation unless the potential benefits to the other outweigh the possible risks to the fetus.
Overdose effectsView
In case of an overdose, standard measures to remove any unabsorbed drug should be employed. Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended. There has been no reported case of an acute overdose of Fexofenadine hydrochloride.
StorageView
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.